FIRE AND MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 2.4
Yuan-Gen Lu,Bo Hao,Geng Chen,Cai-Xian Xu,Li Zhang
Tungsten delay compositions are widely utilized in ammunition, small detonators, and other devices. In this study, we first explored the changes in the burning rate of micron-sized tungsten delay compositions (W/BaCrO 4 /KClO 4 ) when achieving zero oxygen balance under different material tube walls. Subsequently, SiO 2 , CuO, BN, and shellac were added to the tungsten delay composition to investigate the burning rate variations of different samples in aluminum tubes. The experimental results reveal that the combustion rate of the tungsten delay composition decreases with an increase in the thermal conductivity of the tube wall. The content of BN exhibits a linear relationship with the combustion rate of the tungsten delay composition, the combustion rate of the tungsten delay composition decreases with the increase of the mass percentage of BN. A small amount of SiO 2 , CuO, and shellac accelerates the combustion rate of the tungsten delay composition, but the combustion rate decreases as the content of these additives increases. The conclusion of this study can provide a wider range of delay times for delay devices with significant spatial limitations.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸学
·
弹药工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2022
·
IF 7.129
Changjiang Zhao,Yuyuan Shi,Yanmei Xu,Ni Lin,Hang Dong,Lixia Bei
Bisphenol A (BPA) is becoming a potential environmental toxicity factor. However, BPA's effect and function mechanism on maize roots remain unknown. Here, we investigated characters of root growth of maize seedlings exposed to BPA for 8 d and without BPA for 3 d, and a series of indicators on reactive oxygen homeostasis and nitrogen assimilation were measured. High-dose BPA(15 and 50 mg·L −1 ) suppressed the root growth and caused increased contents of O 2 ˑ- , H 2 O 2 and MDA in maize seedling roots. The disturbed ROS homeostasis resulted from the change of antioxidant enzymes, including the increase of APX, GPX, and CAT, and decrease of SOD and POD, and a decrease of antioxidant substance GSH. Meanwhile, High-dose BPA caused a decrease in the soluble protein content, nitrate reductase (NR), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) under the BPA processing phase and recovery period. The low-dose BPA（1.5 and 5 mg·L −1 ）significantly promoted root growth of maize seedlings and maintained the ROS homeostasis through antioxidant enzyme APX and GPX eliminating redundant ROS. Our results showed that BPA could cause a dual effect on the root growth of maize seedlings, that is, promotion of low-dose and inhibition of high-dose, through ROS homeostasis and nitrogen assimilation in Zea mays .
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
环境毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 42
·35109-35114
·
IF 4.6
Xiaoyan Zhang,Qisheng Zhang,Yunshu Zhao,Guiying Li,Tiying Jiang,Zhirong Suo,Shanhu Sun,Li Su
The oxygen balance (OB) of energetic materials plays a critical role in determining the efficiency and effectiveness of energy release during combustion or detonation. To enhance the OB and comprehensive properties of 3-picrylamino-1,2,4-triazole (PATO), which is a high-energy and low-sensitivity explosive, this study employed a self-assembly strategy to combine nitric acid with PATO, resulting in a novel 3-picrylamino-1,2,4-triazole-nitric acid self-assembled energetic material (PATO-N). Its structure was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the thermal decomposition properties and impact sensitivity were measured. The detonation performances were predicted by EXPLO5 and the OB was calculated based on its molecular formula. The results indicate that the self-assembly of PATO and HNO3 effectively enhanced the explosive's OB (−67.7% to −44.6%)and promoted the completeness of the detonation reaction. PATO-N exhibits good thermal stability with an improved decomposition temperature of 315.9 °C. Its theoretical detonation velocity is 7.8 km s−1, while the detonation pressure is 25.2 Gpa. PATO-N exhibited an impact sensitivity (H50) exceeding 112.2 cm, classifying it as an insensitive energetic material.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
含能材料化学
·
晶体工程
·
热力学分析
·
爆炸物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yun-Fan Yan,Yu Shang,Ming-Yu Guo,Shao-Li Chen,Meng Cui,Zhi-Hong Yu,Wei-Xiong Zhang,Xiao-Ming Chen
Perovskite-type (ABX 3 ) oxidizer-fuel-integrated structures have been employed as a reliable platform for one-pot non-covalent assembly of emerging multi-ionic integrated explosives (MIXs) directly from non-energetic organics. Exploring non-perovskite structures to overcome the stoichiometric bottleneck is critical for unlocking design flexibility of these emerging materials, yet remains challenging without guiding principles. Herein, we propose a “interpenetrating dual networks” strategy to design a groundbreaking MIX, (H 2 eda) 2 (NH 4 )(ClO 4 ) 5 (EAP-4, H 2 eda 2+ = ethane-1,2-diaminium). In EAP-4, a scheelite-type network, where NH 4 + and ClO 4 − occupy special positions, interpenetrates with its fluorite-type counterpart (H 2 eda 2+ and the remaining ClO 4 − ions), forming a non-perovskite I 4 1 / a structure. This unique structural feature endows EAP-4 with exceptional positive oxygen balance based on CO 2 (+6.3 %, surpassing all known energetic perovskites), high synthesis efficiency (achieving over 70 % yield within 10 mins), and a high crystal density of 1.912 g·cm −3 . This innovative design establishes EAP-4 as a dual-function material: (1) an explosive with superior synthesis scalability and higher detonation capability than the widely used military explosive cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX); (2) a solid oxidizer with 24.5-fold higher thermal decomposition efficiency and significantly greater aluminum reactivity compared to the benchmark oxidizer ammonium perchlorate (AP). This work not only provides a non-perovskite paradigm for tuning energetic materials but also facilitates the systematic development of multi-ionic hybrid materials.
研究领域:
含能材料
·
材料化学
·
无机固态化学
·
炸药工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）