MOLECULES
·
2018
·Vol. 23
·期 10
·2492
·
IF 3.098
Xiaodan Liu,Fei Liu,Weihao Huang,Jiyu Peng,Tingting Shen,Yong He
Rapid detection of Cd content in soil is beneficial to the prevention of soil heavy metal pollution. In this study, we aimed at exploring the rapid quantitative detection ability of laser- induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) under the conditions of air and Ar for Cd in soil, and finding a fast and accurate method for quantitative detection of heavy metal elements in soil. Spectral intensity of Cd and system performance under air and Ar conditions were analyzed and compared. The univariate model and multivariate models of partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) of Cd under the air and Ar conditions were built, and the LS-SVM model under the Ar condition obtained the best performance. In addition, the principle of influence of Ar on LIBS detection was investigated by analyzing the three-dimensional profile of the ablation crater. The overall results indicated that LIBS combined with LS-SVM under the Ar condition could be a useful tool for the accurate quantitative detection of Cd in soil and could provide reference for environmental monitoring.Keywords:soil;Cd;laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy;argon
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Yaowei Wei,Ke Zhou,Xianghuan Meng,Xiangyu Sun,Zhao Ma,Zhenzhen Li,Daming Zhuang
Due to the low toxicity and abundance of nature, Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) has been considered as a promising solar cell material. The absorber is the most critical structure in a solar cell, which determines the performance of the cell. Selenium-rich CZTSSe can be formed by replacing S atoms of CZTS with Se. However, the method of adding Se element through H 2 Se is constrained due to the toxicity of H 2 Se. The work adopted a method to prepare excellent CZTSSe absorbers without H 2 Se. The stack structure CZTS precursor films were prepared by solution-based deposition, and CZTSSe absorbers were obtained after selenization annealing at 550 °C with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g of selenium powders in argon, respectively. The obtained CZTSSe absorbers had pure CZTSSe phase, high absorption coefficients and appropriate bandgaps. After annealing with 0.2 g of selenium powder, the holes in the CZTSSe film diminished, and the grain size of absorbers increased from 0.31 µm in the CZTS absorber to 1.17 µm. The peaks of Se 3d for CZTSSe absorber were observed, the lattice spacing of plane (112) increased from 3.10 Å to 3.22 Å, and the work function decreased from 5.31 eV to 5.19 eV. The improved performance of absorber will be of great significance for the efficiency of CZTSSe device.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
太阳能电池研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYST
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Sihua Wu,Jinhui Zou,Baohua Zhang,Jiantian Lu,Guan Rong Lin,Yuwei Zhang,Li Niu
Nickel oxide (NiO) nanozyme, as an excellent oxidase mimic, have been widely used in fluorescence biological detection, water pollutant analysis, food safety and cell imaging. However, to fully achieve these applications, it is still a great challenge to regulate its crystalline micro/nanostructure and composites to achieve high enzyme activity and high specific surface area. Here, we applied a very simple thermal annealing treatment to restructure the calcined precursor of NiO. Importantly, it was found that oxygen vacancy (OV) concentration of the targeted NiO nanozyme is significantly increased while the annealing atmosphere is argon rather than air. Moreover, the as-prepared novel NiO sample (NiO-OV) nanosheets achieved ca. 2-fold enhancement in specific surface area. It is believed that the higher OV concentration and the larger specific surface area will increase the enzyme activity by accelerating electron transfer rate and increasing catalytic interfaces. The significant improvement of enzyme activity of NiO-OV was verified by the fluorescence "turn-on" experiment of Amplex red (AR). Finally, using NiO-OV/AR system, we constructed a highly sensitive enzyme sensor on L-Cys with a detection limit of 37.8 nM. It also displayed an excellent specificity for ten typical amino acid interferences.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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分析化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2013
·
IF 5.695
Hongmei Yang,Debin Wan,Fengrui Song,Zhiqiang Liu,Shuying Liu
Helium direct analysis in real time (He-DART) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of labile compounds usually tends to be challenging because of the occurrence of prominent fragmentation, which obscures the assigning of an ion to an independent species or merely a fragment in a mixture. In the present work, argon DART (Ar-DART) MS in conjunction with makeup solvents has been demonstrated to analyze a variety of labile compounds including nucleosides, alkaloids, glucose, and other small molecules. The results presented here confirm that Ar-DART can generate significantly less energetic ions than conventional He-DART and is able to produce the intact molecular ions with little or no fragmentation in both positive and negative ion modes. Adding a makeup solvent (absolute ethyl alcohol, methanol, fluorobenzene, or acetone) to the argon gas stream at the exit of the DART ion source can result in 1–2 orders of magnitude increase in detection signals. The sensitivity attainable by Ar-DART was found to be comparable to that by He-DART. The investigation of influence of solvents improves our understanding of the fundamental desorption and ionization processes in DART. The practical application of this rapid and high throughput method is demonstrated by the successful analysis of a natural product (Crude Kusnezoff Monkshood) extract, demonstrating the great potential in mixture research.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
质谱学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
J. Dong,C.Y. Zhao
Molten carbonates are among the ideal candidate materials for high-temperature thermal energy storage, but with high corrosiveness. In this study, a novel corrosion mitigation strategy, termed Air-then-Argon (AA) treatment, is proposed. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of three alloys (SS310, In625, and In601) in Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 (28.5–71.5 wt%) carbonate melt under different gas conditions. The effect of the AA condition on the corrosion behavior of the immersed alloys was tested and compared with alloys directly immersed under argon (Ar) and air. Via weight loss method, it was shown that SS310 exhibited very low corrosion rates under both conditions, with slightly better performance under the Ar condition. In contrast, In625 showed much higher weight loss (146.6 ± 26.8 mg/cm 2 , for 200h) under argon compared to the AA condition. Under the AA condition, SS310 exhibited 84.8 % less weight loss than in air, while In625 had 90.1 % reduction compared to Ar atmosphere. For In601, the weight loss under Ar was the smallest among the samples tested. The microstructure and elemental distribution of the corrosion layers were analyzed with thermodynamic calculations of metal oxidation. The study summarizes the corrosion mechanisms of alloys in different gas environments and it reveals that the abnormal weight loss of In625 under inert conditions is mainly due to the oxidation and dissolution of Mo and Nb, which disrupted the protective LiCrO 2 layer. SS310 and In625 were tested under the AA condition in more challenging 700 °C carbonate melt. Weight loss data after 500 h confirmed effective corrosion mitigation. The corrosion bilayers formed on alloys exposed to carbonate melt in air exhibited excellent corrosion resistance when subsequently in argon, suggesting that controlling the gas environment could be an economical and effective method for mitigating carbonate corrosion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Sen Feng,Junjie Zhang,Junli Xu,Mouhamadou Aziz Diop,Aimin Liu,Fengguo Liu,Zhaowen Wang,Zhongning Shi
The aluminum industry is one of the major causes of CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere, mainly caused by carbon anode consumption and the emission of perfluorocarbon gases. Carbon anodes are consumed by anodic reactions in the standard technology. The environmental constraints and the costs associated with the utilization of carbon anodes have, for many decades, led to the look for non-consumable anodes, called “inert anodes,” considered for years to be the future of aluminum production. However, the current research on inert anodes is limited to metal, ceramic, cermet, and gas anodes and remains impotent in solving the difficulties of anode consumption, CO 2 , and other greenhouse gas emissions . Here, we propose the utilization of argon plasma as an inert anode for aluminum electrolysis. The results from emission spectroscopy analysis and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations depict a production of positively charged argon ion (Ar + ) at the anode region, which infuses into the electrolyte and reacts electrochemically with the oxy-fluoro aluminate complexes (Al 2 OF 6 ) 2- . For a current ≤ 0.4 A, the oxygen evolution occurs anodically from 2Al 2 OF 6 2- + 4Ar + → 4AlF 3 + O 2 + 4Ar, with no argon consumption. Furthermore, the aluminum is reduced cathodically, and the decomposition reaction is 2Al 2 O 3 → 4Al + 3O 2 . This innovative approach enables carbon-free aluminum electrolysis, a large-scale reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which can be extended to similar electrolytic industries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Solar RRL
·
2018
·Vol. 2
·期 6
·1800044
·
IF 0
Jingjing Jiang,Shaotang Yu,Yuancai Gong,Weibo Yan,Rui Zhang,Shujuan Liu,Wei Huang,Hao Xin
Fabricating high performing chalcopyrite absorber material from environmental benign solvent is very important for large scale manufacturing production. Here, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is used as a single solvent to make CuIn(S,Se) 2 (CIS) molecular precursor solution and fabricate CIS absorber material. A power conversion efficiency of 10.3% has been achieved from film selenized under 1.6 atmosphere Ar pressure which is 0% for film selenized under 1 atmosphere pressure. Characterizations using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX reveal a Cu-rich absorber material consisting of loosely connected grains with vertical holes in film selenized under 1 atmosphere and a Cu-poor compact large-grain top layer with large hole bottom layer in film selenized under high Ar pressure. Further optimization of precursor formulation and device fabrication conditions to address the non-perfect double layer structure is expected to further improve DMF solution processed CIS solar cell efficiency. Our results demonstrate annealing precursor film under increased atmosphere pressure is a new and promising strategy to fabricate high performing thin film solar cells, which can be applied to all solution processed chalcogenide solar cells including CIS, CIGS and CZTS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
VACUUM
·
2023
·
IF 4
Weifeng Liu,Na Liu,Kaiqiang Song,Meiqin Zeng,Zhongchen Lu
A convenient method for producing single oxide WO 3- x at room temperature through plasma milling was reported, resulting in a highly efficient visible-light photocatalyst . By altering the discharge atmosphere during plasma milling from ammonia and nitrogen to argon, the color of the milled monoclinic WO 3 powders deepens from blue to dark blue, indicating an increased concentration of oxygen vacancies . The morphological and structural properties of the monoclinic WO 3 powders, prepared using different ball milling techniques, are characterized using XRD , SEM, TEM , Raman, XPS , EPR, and UV–vis. These results reveal that plasma milling leads to a higher surface area, increased presence of oxygen vacancies, and more defects compared with conventional milling, resulting in a greater number of more reactive sites and a larger contact area between monoclinic WO 3 nanoparticles and RhB solution. Consequently, monoclinic WO 3 samples fabricated through Ar-P-milling exhibit the highest photocatalytic activity . This is attributed to the reduction of the WO 3− x band gap to 2.28 eV by Ar-P-milling with high oxygen vacancies. This lower bandgap markedly improves the light utilization rate, thereby enhancing the overall photocatalytic efficiency. The Ar-P-milled WO 3 shows the highest degradation rate constant of 0.037 min −1 , which is 4 times higher than that of pure monoclinic WO 3 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 28
·期 1
·315
·
IF 4.927
Lei Lin,Qiang Fu,Junbei Hu,Ran Wang,Xianjie Wang
Water electrolysis offers a zero-carbon route to generate renewable energy conversion systems. Herein, a self-supported nickel phosphosulfide nanosheet (NS) electrocatalyst was fabricated at a low temperature on carbon cloth, which was then subjected to Ar etching to enhance its catalytic activity. Etching resulted in better hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance than other samples, with overpotentials of 103.1 mV (at 10 mA cm−2) and 278.9 mV (at 50 mA cm−2), respectively. The characterization results confirmed that Ar etching created a thin amorphous layer around the NiPS3NSs, which increased the number of active sites and modulated their electronic structures. These 3D-structured NiPS3NSs and their subsequent Ar etching process show promise for applications in overall water splitting in alkaline media.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Bin Du,Anzhe Wang,Tao Zhang,Dazhao Liu
In this study, metal-modified silicon oxycarbides ceramics (SiOC/M, M = Fe, Al, and Zr) were fabricated, and the thermal stability of the SiOC/M (M = Fe, Al, and Zr) ceramics was investigated under the water-vapor- argon hybrid atmosphere. The phase and microstructural analysis showed that the thermal stability was in the order of SiOC/Zr ＞ SiOC/Al > SiOC/Fe. The SiOC/Zr and SiOC/Al ceramics possessed better thermal stability than SiOC/Fe ceramics, because they formed metallic oxides (ZrO 2 , mullite , or sillimanite). Additionally, the water-vapor-argon hybrid atmosphere increases the defects within the carbon clusters of SiOC/M ceramics and refines the lateral size of the nanocrystalline carbon. Understanding thermal stability and microstructural evolutions of metal-dropped polymer derived ceramics provided a new method for achieving high-temperature ceramics for application in an extreme environment.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 0.795
Fu-Xing XU,Qian-Kun DANG,Hang-Yu DING,Zheng-Xu HUANG,Yuan-Yuan WANG,Zhen ZHOU,Chuan-Fan DING
Ion trap performances were investigated based on digital ion trap technology with different collision gases and their pressures. Collision gases of helium ( M = 4 amu), nitrogen ( M = 28 amu) and argon ( M = 40 amu) with various pressures were adopted in ion excitation and dissociation stages for comparing the ion trap performances, including mass resolution, signal intensity, analysis ability of tandem mass spectrometric and low-mass cut off (LMCO) effect. The results indicated that when argon was used, the kinetic energy could be efficiently transferred and the LMCO effect was improved with higher ion capture and dissociation efficiencies except lower mass resolution. Higher mass resolution was realized with helium as collision gas. Furthermore, at the same gas pressure, heavier gas was beneficial to abundant fragment ions and structural information of precursor ion.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
质谱技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.45
Zhibo Chen,Xiaotong Zhao,Mingliang Li,Hailong Wang,Qiang Li,Gang Shao,Wen Liu,Hongliang Xu,Hongxia Lu,Rui Zhang,Linan An
Rod-like ZrB 2 crystals were synthesized at 1600 °C in Ar atmosphere by boro/carbothermal reduction using ZrOCl 2 ⋅8H 2 O, B 4 C and carbon powders as raw materials. The optimum molar ratio of raw materials required to form pure ZrB 2 grains was found to be 2: 1.2: 3. With increase in temperature and subsequent heat preservation stage, ZrB 2 powders grew into a rod-like morphology along the c axis. The rod-like ZrB 2 grains obtained at 1600 °C have diameters of 0.5–3 μm and high aspect ratios of >8. Effects of molar ratio of raw materials, heating temperature and holding time on the phase composition and final morphology were investigated. Growth mechanism of rod-like ZrB 2 grains was also analyzed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
晶体学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）