CROP PROTECTION
·
2015
·
IF 1.493
Yuan-Xing Sun,Tong-Xian Liu
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (biotype B) is a worldwide pest of vegetables and field crops . We tested the efficacy of imidacloprid (IM) with a root fertilizer ‘Root Feed (RF)’ (9% N, 7% Ca, 1.5% Mg and 0.1% B) sub-irrigated in the growing medium against the whitefly on tomato. Tomato seedlings (3–4 true leaves) were treated with 0, 3, 6 or 12 mg active ingredient (a.i.) seedling −1 of IM and with RF (0, 0.02, 0.04 or 0.08 ml seedling −1 ). The efficacy of 12 mg IM seedling −1 was further evaluated in the greenhouse for 60 days. The survival of B. tabaci adults, nymphs, and egg production were negatively affected by the treatments in a dosage-dependent manner. Treatment of 12 mg IM seedling −1 caused >60% adult and nymph mortality 50 days after treatment (DAT). The active ingredient of IM in tomato leaves also increased with the increase of IM dosage. The RF exhibited a limited effect on B. tabaci . However, the mortality of whitefly adults and nymphs treated with RF (0.02 or 0.04 ml seedling −1 ) positively interacted with IM, and was greater than IM alone. In the greenhouse, 12 mg IM seedling −1 greatly reduced the number of whitefly adults and increased the dry weight of the tomato plants at 30 DAT. In conclusion, application of 12 mg IM seedling −1 on tomato seedlings before transplanting effectively controled B. tabaci for up to 50 days, and the efficacy of IM combined with 0.02 ml RF seedling −1 performed even better. This could be a cost-effective method for managing B. tabaci on tomato and other vegetables.
研究领域:
农业昆虫学
·
植物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Ji Chen,Gongren Hu,Jiang Liu,Alexandre J. Poulain,Qiang Pu,Rong Huang,Bo Meng,Xinbin Feng
The production of methylmercury (MeHg) in flooded paddy fields determines its accumulation in rice grains; this, in turn, results in MeHg exposure risks for not only rice-eating humans but also wildlife. Nitrogen (N) fertilizers have been widely applied in rice cultivation fields to supply essential nutrients. However, the effects of N fertilizer addition on mercury (Hg) transformations are not unclear. This limits our understanding of MeHg formation in rice paddy ecosystems. In this study, we spiked three Hg tracers ( 200 Hg II , Me 198 Hg, and 202 Hg 0 ) in paddy slurries fertilized with urea, ammonium, and nitrate. The influences of N fertilization on Hg methylation, demethylation, and reduction and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated. The results revealed that dissimilatory nitrate reduction was the dominant process in the incubated paddy slurries. Nitrate addition inhibited Hg II reduction, Hg II methylation, and MeHg demethylation. Competition between nitrates and other electron acceptors (e.g., Hg II , sulfate, or carbon dioxide) under dark conditions was the mechanism underlying nitrate-regulated Hg transformation. Ammonium and urea additions promoted Hg II reduction, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with Hg II reduction (Hgammox) was likely the reason. This work highlighted that nitrate addition not only inhibited Hg II methylation but also reduced the demethylation of MeHg and therefore may generate more accumulation of MeHg in the incubated paddy slurries. Findings from this study link the biogeochemical cycling of N and Hg and provide crucial knowledge for assessing Hg risks in intermittently flooded wetland ecosystems .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
·
2022
·
IF 4.342
Jiahua Ma,Yahya Faqir,Yunlong Chai,Sanmei Wu,Tong Luo,Shiyu Liao,Abdul Rasheed Kaleri,Chengjia Tan,Yuxin Qing,Mohammad Talib Kalhoro,Niaz Umer,Wazir Hadir
Agriculture lands have low fertilizer retention owing to porosity and irrigation, whereas a significant portion of fertilizer is lost through denitrification, volatilization, surface run-off, and leaching, causing losses of nutrients to air and ground/surface water. Urea fertilizer readily enhances the agricultural yield but also deteriorates the quality of fertile soils. To combat such problems, researchers are seeking to formulate controlled-release or slow-release fertilizers. We used chitosan microspheres as a carrier to encapsulate urea through emulsification and cross-linking techniques to reduce the wastage of urea fertilizer due to evaporation and water flow. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to characterize chitosan microspheres and urea-loaded microspheres. Chitosan microspheres and urea-loaded microspheres were authenticated by FT-IR, showing 89% of urea successfully incorporated with chitosan microspheres. Then an experiment was run to compare the effects on plant growth, antioxidant and metabolite contents with and without added nitrogen fertilizer. Various amounts of urea per pot were applied to Chinese cabbage, including T1 0.5433 g, T2 0.6033 g, T3 0.8033 g, CK 0.00, while the same content of urea in chitosan microspheres as T4, T5, T6, and T0 (no urea), respectively. The results indicated that chitosan microspheres-based controlled release nitrogen fertilizers (Cm-CRNFs) had higher seed germination (96%), plant height (17.04 cm), number of leaves (11.00), and leaf length (110.19 mm) as compared to urea and control treatments. In addition, Cm-CRNFs treatment enhanced net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, fluorescence, dark respiration rate, total sugar, proteins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. Overall, Cm-CRNFs showed promising results in all treatments for all tested physiochemical and growth parameters. It is concluded that controlled release urea fertilizers based on chitosan microspheres can be developed with a simple process. The fertilizers are biocompatible, economically viable, and environment-friendly, and have the potential to prolong the release of macronutrients and micronutrients for plant growth.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2025
·
IF 7.1
Hua Huang,Xiaoyan Liu,Xianying Shan,Jingrong Yang,Lijuan Ding,Rongyu Zhang,Jiale Dai,Yanzhong Zhen,Jian Wang,Di Guo,Yu Liu,Wenfeng Jiang,Zhirui Niu
Since hydrothermal aqueous phase (HAP) contains abundant nutrients and humic-like substances, it is developed as nitrogen (N) fertilizer to improve plant growth and soil quality. However, significant NH 3 volatilization is a major drawback in dryland soil. To solve this problem, a compound fertilizer of HAP and urea was modified with various dosage (0.25 % - 5.0 %) of urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT). The NH 3 , N loss, and lettuce growth were evaluated in parallel soil column and pot experiments. Results showed that increasing NBPT dosage increased soil dissolved organic N (DON) and ON while decreased NH 4 -N, NH 3 , N loss, urease activity, and ureC . NBPT successfully inhibited ammonification. Increasing NBPT dosage increased NO 3 -N but decreased PAO and AOA . The utilization rate of metabolic substrate (NH 4 -N) was more important for forming NO 3 -N, as evidenced by the negative correlation of NO 3 -N and NH 3 . The DON from HAP included N-heterocyclic compounds, which are toxic for nitrifiers. The toxic DON also significantly decreased root dry weight by 22.31 % when 5.0 % NBPT was added. The optimal additive dosages were 0.5 % and 2.0 % in the column and pot experiments, respectively, which decreased NH 3 and N loss by 45.38 % and 32.08 %. Further increasing NBPT dosage no longer decreased N loss but did harm to plant root. Therefore, this study demonstrated that an appropriate addition of NBPT to HAP fertilizer can effectively reduce ammonia volatilization and N loss. The innovative technique would promote the utilization of HAP resource within the context of sustainable dryland agriculture.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·1699
·
IF 4.2
Yue Liu,Long Cao,Linshan Wang,Yanjiao Qi,Yamin Zhao,Huining Lu,Lina Lu,Derong Zhang,Zifan Wang,Hong Zhang
The massive amount of water-soluble urea used leads to nutrient loss and environmental pollution in both water and soil. The aim of this study was to develop a novel lignin-based slow-release envelope material that has essential nitrogen and sulfur elements for plants. After the amination reaction with a hydrolysate of yak hair keratin, the coating formulation was obtained by adding different loadings (2, 5, 8, 14 wt%) of aminated lignin (AL) to 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. These formulations were cast into films and characterized for their structure, thermal stability, and mechanical and physicochemical properties. The results showed that the PVA-AL (8%) formulation had good physical and chemical properties in terms of water absorption and mechanical properties, and it showed good degradation in soil with 51% weight loss after 45 days. It is suitable for use as a coating material for fertilizers. Through high-pressure spraying technology, enveloped urea particles with a PVA-AL (8%) solution were obtained, which showed good morphology and slow-release performance. Compared with urea, the highest urea release was only 96.4% after 30 days, conforming to Higuchi model, Ritger–Peppas model, and second-order dynamic model. The continuous nitrogen supply of PVA-AL coated urea toBrassica napuswas verified by potting experiments. Therefore, the lignin-based composite can be used as a coating material to produce a new slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for sustainable crop production.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Environmental Science
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Häfner Franziska,Monzon Diaz Oscar Rodrigo,Tietjen Sarah,Schröder Corinna,Krause Ariane
Recycling nutrients is essential for closing nutrient loops within a circular economy. Using locally available resources such as human excreta to produce bio-based recycling fertilizers can substitute mineral fertilizers and thereby promote environmentally friendly food production. To better understand the fertilizer potential and nitrogen value of human excreta, three novel and safe recycling products were evaluated in a field experiment. Two nitrified urine fertilizers (NUFs) and one fecal compost were applied alone or in combination, and compared against the commercial organic fertilizer vinasse. In addition, the uptake of pharmaceuticals was assessed for treatments with compost application. White cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba) was cultivated in plots in three different soil types (sand, loam or silt) treated with the fertilizers according to plant needs and mineral soil nitrogen content. The two NUFs resulted in marketable yields similar to those of vinasse in all soil types. Combining fecal compost with a NUF led to increased marketable yield compared to compost alone. The highest yield was recorded from the sandy soil, where vinasse and NUF treatments led to comparable yields, as expected in organic productions systems (up to 72 t ha−1). The cabbage yield and total aboveground fresh biomass followed the following trend in all soils: NUFs ∼ vinasse ≥ compost + NUF ≥ compost. Nitrogen uptake in the cabbage heads and total biomass was significantly higher in sand (69.5–144 kg ha−1) than loam (71.4–95.8 kg ha−1). All compost treatments alleviated the effect of soil type and resulted in comparable nitrogen uptake and yield in all soil types. Plant uptake of pharmaceuticals (Carbamazepin) was higher in sand than in loam, and concentration in the edible part was lower than in the outer leaves. In conclusion, NUF alone appears to be a promising successful fertilizer substitute in horticultural food production. The combined application of NUF and compost led to slightly lower crop yields, but may increase soil carbon content in the long term, promoting climate-friendly food production.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Wenli Jia,Zhi Yu,Junfeng Chen,Jian Zhang,Jian Zhu,Wentao Yang,Ruidong Yang,Pan Wu,Shengsen Wang
Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer was usually used to mitigate arsenic (As) release and mobilization in the anaerobic contaminated paddy soil. However, the effect of the interplay between nitrate fertilizer and biochar on As availability as well as the involved mechanism were poorly understood. Herein, the effects and mechanisms of biochar, nitrate fertilizer, and biochar-based nitrate fertilizer on the availability of As in the contaminated paddy soil were investigated via a microcosm incubation experiment. Results indicated that the application of biochar-based nitrate fertilizer significantly lessened the available As concentration in the contaminated paddy soil from 3.01 ± 0.03 (control group) to 2.24 ± 0.08 mg kg −1 , which presented an immobilization efficiency of 26.6 % better than those of individual biochar (13.5 %) and nitrate fertilizer (17.6 %), exhibiting a synergistic effect. Moreover, the biochar-based nitrate fertilizer also facilitated the transformation of more toxic arsenite in the contaminated soil to less toxic arsenate. Further, biochar-based nitrate fertilizer increased soil redox potential (Eh), dissolved organic carbon, organic matter, and nitrate yet decreased soil pH and ammonium, which changed the microbial community in the soil, enhancing the relative abundance of Bacillus , Arthrobacter , and Paenibacillus . These functional microorganisms drove the coupled transformation between nitrate denitrification and Fe(II) or As(III) oxidation, favoring As immobilization in the anaerobic paddy soil. Additionally, the co-application of biochar offset the negative effect of single nitrate fertilizer on microbial community diversity. Overall, biochar-based nitrate fertilizer could be a promising candidate for the effective immobilization of As in the anaerobic paddy soil. The current research can provide a valuable reference to the remediation of As-contaminated paddy soil and the production of safe rice.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
·
农业
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEDOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
Feng WANG,Jing ZHANG,Yanqiong ZENG,Honghui WANG,Xiyu ZHAO,Yilin CHEN,Huanhuan DENG,Liyun GE,Randy A. DAHLGREN,Hui GAO,Zheng CHEN
Elevated arsenic (As) mobilization and increased nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission are two primary environmental concerns existing in flooded paddy soils. In this study, dissolved As(III), N isotope-labeled Na 15 NO 3 , and/or 14 NH 4 Cl were incorporated into a microcosm incubation to determine the effects of N fertilization regimes on As mobilization and N 2 O emission in a flooded paddy soil. Because nitrate had a higher redox potential and comprised a higher proportion of N substrate, As(V) was preferentially formed due to enhanced nitrate-dependent microbial As(III) oxidation. Thus, As availability was correspondingly attenuated due to the improved production of less mobile and toxic As(V). After 2-d incubation, more than 90% and 98% of soluble As(III) were immobilized in the As + NH 4 + -N + NO 3 - -N and As + NO 3 - -N treatments, respectively. Following nitrate depletion (after 2 d), microbial As(V) and Fe(III) reductions were gradually enhanced, which was attributed to stimulation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) coupled to Fe(III) reduction, known as Feammox, by the abundance of NH 4 + . By the end of the incubation period (10 d), the As + NO 3 - -N treatment led to higher As immobilization of originally added As(III) ( ca . 61%) than the As + NH 4 + -N + NO 3 - -N treatment (42%). The As + NH 4 + -N + NO 3 - -N treatment prominently mitigated N 2 O emission compared to the As + NO 3 - -N treatment, which was ascribed to anammox, inducing accumulation of byproducts from incomplete denitrification. High-throughput sequencing indicated that the relative abundances of denitrifiers ( e.g ., Azoarcus , Ochrobactrum , and Thiobacillus denitrificans ) increased in the As + NO 3 - treatment, whereas quantitative polymerase chain reaction results indicated higher 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for anammox and Feammox (Acidimicrobiaceae bacterium A6) bacteria in the As + NH 4 + + NO 3 - treatment. Collectively, the experimental results demonstrated that N fertilization can be a feasible As remediation strategy while providing an effective strategy for mitigating N 2 O emission from paddy soils at the same time.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 78
·期 2
·506-520
·
IF 4.845
Ming Zhao,Hongjun Zhou,Li Hao,Huayao Chen,Xinhua Zhou
BACKGROUND As the global population grows, large quantities of agrochemicals are used to secure food demand and there is an urgent need to develop efficient and environmentally friendly pesticides and fertilizers. Compared with traditional pesticides, nanopesticide formulations can achieve better foliar wettability, chemical stability, and water dispersibility without or with the minimal use of organic solvents, in line with the development of sustainable agriculture. RESULTS In this research, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was used as an intermediate and glycine methyl ester (GLY) was used as an organic nitrogen source to modify carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to synthesize a pesticide nanocarrier CMC-PGMA-GLY. A nanopesticide EB@CMC-PGMA-GLY (EB@CPG) was formed by the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of emamectin benzoate (EB), which had good water dispersion. The good affinity of the composite towards leaves led to the effective moistening of the leaf surface by the pesticide and through the pH control pesticide release. Biological experiments show that nanopesticides can maintain high insecticidal activity and have no toxicity to seed germination. The results of pot experiment showed that the nanocarriers could be used as an organic nitrogen fertilizer to increase the fresh weight of plants by 39.77%. CONCLUSIONS This environmentally friendly pesticide carrier can be used as a fertilizer to provide sufficient nutrients for crops, opening a new method for the development of sustainable agriculture. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Nano
·
2020
·Vol. 7
·期 11
·3526-3535
·
IF 7.683
Wenchao Li,Ruoyu Fan,Hongjian Zhou,Yinfeng Zhu,Xu Zheng,Mengyu Tang,Xiaosi Wu,Chengzhong Yu,Guozhong Wang
Compared with root nitrogen fertilizers, foliar nitrogen fertilizers (FNFs) have been widely used for crop growth due to their high fertilizer efficiency and high utilization rate, especially when the crops are deficient in nitrogen. Owing to the lotus leaf effect intrinsic to the leaf surface of crops, however, the majority of FNFs will easily slip from the leaf surface and be discharged into the soil environment by rainwater scouring, causing inferior utilization rates and serious soil pollution. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to remedy the adhesion capacity of FNFs on the leaf surface of crops for improving the utilization rate of FNFs. In this study, three kinds of micro–nanostructured silica spheres (e.g., solid silica spheres (S-Si), hollow silica spheres (H-Si) and sea urchin-like micro–nanostructured hollow silica spheres (SUH-Si)) with similar particle diameters (∼500 nm), different surface roughness, and diverse surface morphologies were utilized as carrier materials to load a nitrogen fertilizer to improve the utilization rate of FNFs on plant leaves. As a result, SUH-Si with the highest surface roughness among the three carriers leads to a change of adhesion capacity of the FNF on the surface of plant leaves, thus resulting in a superior infiltration effect of the nitrogen fertilizer. Compared with that of traditional FNFs, the adhesion capacity of the FNF with SUH-Si on peanut leaves and maize leaves was increased by 5.9 times and 2.2 times, respectively, resulting in a 2.29 times improved utilization rate of the FNF due to SUH-Si. Finally, contact angle measurements and microstructure analysis, as well as the calculation of interaction forces between the silica spheres and plant leaf surface, provided in-depth understanding to improve the adhesion capacity of foliar nitrogen fertilizers by surface roughness engineering of silica spheres. Our study would be helpful for developing FNFs with high efficiency and utilization rates by surface roughness engineering.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农业科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
·
2019
·Vol. 46
·期 2
·1437-1451
·
IF 2.064
Wu Chengyi,Wang Liping,Kang Huiting,Dan Youmeng,Tian Dating,Zheng Yin
Biomass waste, which was the by-product generated along with the production of food, was transformed into high-value constituent in slow-release fertilizers. This approach could reduce the cost of fertilizer application and improve the degradation performance. In this study, a novel slow-release nitrogen fertilizers (SNFs) from inorganic/organic hybrids, based on soybean residue-g-poly(acrylic acid)/polyethylene glycol 2000/kaolin/urea, was prepared via UV-light radiation and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical testing result demonstrated that the compressive modulus of the sample was 62.19 MPa. The water absorbency of SNFs was 51.2 g/g in distilled water. The swelling behavior of SNFs in pH, saline types and concentration solutions indicated its excellent pH and salt sensibility. The water-holding of soil was 72.3% with the SNFs of 3%. The release result of SNFs in soil was only 63.4% within 30 d. The release mechanism was coincident with non-Fickian diffusion.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Chengsi Hou,Haotian Wu,Zhengwei Zhou,Shuai Peng,Ke Wu,Yue Wang,Longqian Xu,Zuofeng Chen,Zhendong Lei,Deli Wu
Despite flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is an emerging technology for desalination, contaminant removal, and resource recovery, the application of conventional FCDI in wastewater treatment is hindered by the electrode selectivity and material costs. In this study, we synthesized a low-cost ammonium (NH 4 + ) adsorption electrode material by modifying zeolite using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na). The flow electrode prepared by the mixture of EDTA-zeolite and carbon black exhibits a high selectivity and adsorption capacity for the recovery of NH 4 + from wastewater. The NH 4 + in wastewater passes through the ion exchange membrane and is rapidly adsorbed by the modified zeolite through ion exchange, while Na + is retained in the electrolyte. The decrease in NH 4 + concentration and the increase in Na + concentration in the catholyte lead to a significant change in ion concentration gradient across the membrane. Consequently, the transmembrane selectivity between NH 4 + and Na + reached 3.46. We validated the feasibility of NH 4 + recovery using FCDI with food waste fermentation supernatant. Under optimal operating conditions, 99.15 % of the NH 4 + in the fermentation supernatant was removed, and 95.92 % of the NH 4 + in the electrolyte was stored in the EDTA-zeolite. By gravitational settling, the NH 4 + -rich modified zeolite was separated from carbon black and could be utilized as nitrogen fertilizer. Meanwhile, the mixture of carbon black and brine was used to prepare a fresh electrode suspension. In brief, the FCDI system exhibits a satisfying NH 4 + recovery performance and demonstrates a sustainable wastewater resource recovery strategy.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）