ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
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2026
·
IF 6.1
Ruo-Yao Cui,Yu-Chao Cao,Yi-Xuan Gu,Ling-Li Zhao,Xu-Yang Shen,Ying Liu,Ying-Lin Zhou,Xin-Xiang Zhang
Background G-quadruplexes (G4s) act as versatile scaffolds for biosensing, yet a generalizable strategy to systematically amplify the fluorescence of G-rich scaffold-bound molecular rotors remains lacking. Results Herein, we propose a G-run-length engineering strategy to enhance the “light-up” performance of fluorogenic ligands using Thioflavin T (ThT) as a model molecular rotor. Through rational design of a sequence library derived from EAD4 with variable G-run lengths (N = 2–6, where N denotes the number of consecutive guanines per G-tract), we show that increasing N progressively amplified ThT fluorescence by up to ∼1000-fold under metal-free conditions. Mechanistic investigations—including induced circular dichroism, thermal melting analysis, Job plots, isothermal titration calorimetry and hydroxylation kinetics—support that G-run extension increases ligand-accessible binding environments and shields bound ThT from the aqueous phase, thereby restricting intramolecular rotation and suppressing non-radiative decay. The enhanced shielding likely arises from strengthened terminal stacking and/or possible cavity-associated binding, although the present data do not define a single G4 topology or a unique microscopic binding mode. The G-run-length-dependent enhancement trend was further observed in derivative libraries based on different G-rich DNA scaffolds and with other molecular rotors, including Thiazole Orange and Auramine O, suggesting functional generalizability. By contrast, macrocyclic planar ligands such as hemin and N-Methyl Mesoporphyrin IX, which are dominated by terminal G-tetrad association rather than intramolecular rotation restriction, did not show the same trend. Significance These findings establish G-run-length engineering as a practical strategy for regulating G-rich scaffold–fluorophore interactions and provide mechanistic guidance for nucleic-acid-based fluorescence signal amplification.
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Applied Biological Chemistry
·
2026
·Vol. 69
·期 1
·42
·
IF 4.2
Gao Xinyue,You Long,Qi Luyao,Jin Lei,Zhang Jianmei,Liu Yanan,Niu Zhiqiang
As a disease of high mortality rate, acute lung injury (ALI) has been getting increased attention. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which plays an essential role in alleviating the pathological symptoms of ALI. There have few studies noted that the improvement effect of HO-1 on ALI may associated to NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. However, the roles of HO-1 in the process of NLRP3 inflammasome activation is remains unknown. This study investigated the mechanism that HO-1 blocking NLRP3 inflammasome in ALI. The sepsis model induced by LPS was used in C57BL6 mice, LPS triggered obviously pulmonary damage and edema formation, increased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome component proteins and IL-1β, but those negative effects were reversed by the pretreatment of hemin. NOD-like receptor signaling pathway was down-regulated after hemin treatment through RNA-Seq. Meanwhile, hemin pretreatment exerted significantly inhibit effect on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and the component proteins of NLRP3 inflammasome were not influenced in immortalization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs). Moreover, the immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments were indicated that HO-1 could bind to NLRP3, silencing HO-1 prevented the block effect of hemin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our study suggested that hemin-inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation involved HO-1 bind to NLRP3 and alleviated ALI mice induced by LPS.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Junxi Liu,Yan Liu,Yuheng Zheng,Haoyu Wang,Jinglin Wang,Yu Zhang,Kaiping Wang
SCLP remained intact in the stomach and small intestine after oral administration. • SCLP was degraded into oligosaccharide fragments in the cecum and colon. • The intestinal metabolism of SCLP was gut microbiota-dependent. • Phocaeicola vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis were involved in SCLP metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the intestinal metabolic characteristics and mechanisms of the pectic polysaccharide isolated from the medicinal plant Smilax china L. (SCLP). Firstly, in vitro simulated digestion confirmed that SCLP remained stable in simulated digestive fluids. Subsequently, in vivo real-time tracking of intestinal metabolism based on fluorescent labeling revealed that SCLP maintained its prototype in the small intestine and began to be degraded into fragments (Mw < 4000 Da) upon reaching the cecum and colon, where it was retained for prolonged periods. Pseudo-sterile mouse experiments indicated the mediating role of gut microbiota in SCLP metabolism. Furthermore, metagenomic sequencing suggested that SCLP increased the proportion of polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) from Phocaeicola vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis , elevated the gene numbers of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) including GHs, GTs and CBMs, and activated pathways of carbohydrate metabolism. Finally, in vitro bacterial culture study verified the degradation and utilization of SCLP by Phocaeicola vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis . In summary, this work elucidates the intestinal metabolic profile of SCLP, providing valuable insights for its further development and utilization.
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LUMINESCENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 41
·期 7
·e70567
·
IF 2.8
Fenqiang Luo,Liyan Zheng
Novel multifunctional metal–organic frameworks prepared by encapsulating luminol, hemin, and glucose oxidase within UiO-66 have been employed for the chemiluminescent determination of glucose via a one-step method. Benefitting from the encapsulating cascade catalyst with luminescent reagent in UiO-66, the as-prepared material can be utilized to fabricate practical glucose sensors with a wide response range, a low detection limit, and a short detection time. This promising sensing material is anticipated to have widespread applications in biotechnology and demonstrates significant potential for the green, selective, and sensitive detection of target analytes.
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ChemCatChem
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 15
·e70976
·
IF 4.1
Yuxuan Qiao,Yan Lv,Nannan Zhao,Xueyan Wu,Rui Xue,Jixi Guo
The development of efficient and durable non-precious metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical to advancing electrochemical energy devices. Herein, we report a porous, carbazole-based N-doped carbon framework catalyst embedded with Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles and Fe-N x sites. The catalyst was synthesized via pyrolysis of N-rich hypercrosslinked polymers (NHCP), which were derived from the Friedel-Crafts reaction, followed by incorporation of hemin (Fe 2 O 3 /NHCP-2). The introduction of hemin not only preserved the pristine porous architecture but also facilitated the formation of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles and Fe-N x sites, and their synergistic effect enhanced the ORR kinetics in alkaline media. The optimized Fe 2 O 3 /NHCP-2 catalyst exhibited a high half-wave potential of 0.87 V and demonstrated robust long-term durability in a 0.1 M KOH solution. When employed as the cathode material in zinc-air batteries (ZABs), it delivered a peak power density of 186.84 mW cm −2 and a specific capacity of 731.37 mAh g Zn −1 . This study presents a promising non-precious metal ORR electrocatalyst for future renewable energy applications. Graphical A porous carbazole-based N-doped carbon framework embedded with Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles and Fe-N x sites was synthesized by pyrolyzing N-rich hypercrosslinked polymers from a Friedel-Crafts reaction, then hemin incorporation. As a Zn-air battery cathode, Fe 2 O 3 /NHCP-2 delivers a power density of 186.84 mW cm −2 , high specific capacity (731.37 mAh g Zn −1 ) and OCV (1.52 V). The porous structure ensures rapid O 2 transport. Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles and dispersed Fe-N x sites synergistically enhance ORR. This work demonstrates N-rich hypercrosslinked polymers as effective carbon precursors for high-performance ORR catalysts.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 5.2
Yue Tang,Zhen Wu,Jiali Chen,Xiaojuan Niu,Lian Xia,Yuangen Wu
Bio-derived FAD acts as a small-molecule light-driven oxidase mimic. • FAD exhibits wavelength-selectivity by responding only to blue and UV light. • Oxygen-dependent blue-light-driven and oxygen-independent UV-driven modes. • H 2 O 2 -free, metal-free colorimetric sensor achieves visual detection of nitrite. • A sensor enables sensitive detection with precise spatiotemporal control. Natural enzymes are constrained by poor stability and structural fragility, while existing enzyme mimics predominantly exhibit an “always-on” mode lacking spatiotemporal controllability. Herein, it was discovered that bio-derived flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), the core cofactor of natural photoenzymes, exhibits intrinsic light-driven oxidase-mimicking activity under blue and ultraviolet (UV) light. Notably, FAD operates in an oxygen-dependent mode under blue light and an oxygen-independent mode under UV light, enabling its application in various complex scenarios. Leveraging the superior biocompatibility and application potential of the blue-light mode, a novel colorimetric sensor for nitrite detection was successfully constructed. FAD catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to blue oxTMB under blue light, and nitrite triggers the diazotization of oxTMB to generate yellow diazo-TMB, enabling visual detection for nitrite through color change. The colorimetric sensor achieves a wide linear range of 40–440 μM, with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.93 μM. Moreover, the sensor exhibits excellent anti-interference capability and satisfactory recoveries (85.0%–103.5%) in real water samples. This work establishes FAD as a bio-derived light-driven oxidase mimic, providing a new strategy for designing efficient, wavelength-selective enzyme mimic and opening a new avenue for advanced light-driven sensors with precise spatiotemporal control. A facile strategy employs bio-derived flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which exhibits intrinsic light-driven oxidase-mimicking activity, enabling the construction of a metal-free, spatiotemporally controllable colorimetric sensor for nitrite detection. Download: Download high-res image (105KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Cell Host & Microbe
·
2026
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IF 23.2
Weijie Wen,Runping Su,Yunyun Liu,Zhiyang Feng,Yancai Li,Jieli Li,Ziyu Huang,Fen Zhang,Shanshan Gao,Yingfei Ma,Qinghua Zhou,Emad M. El-Omar,Jeremy J. Barr,Tao Zuo
The human gut harbors a diverse virome, believed to play a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. However, the magnitude of heterogeneity of the gut mucosal virome, and how it differentially regulates host inflammation phenotypes, such as those observed in Crohn’s disease (CD), remains unclear. Here, we identify two mucosal DNA virome enterotypes (E1 and E2) in humans, with E2 subjects exhibiting higher virome diversity and nuanced bacteriophage-bacteria correlations. Moreover, E2-enterotyped CD patients exhibited higher Wulfhauvirus abundance than healthy controls. The E2 virome is causally more proinflammatory in inducing intestinal inflammation in mice. Mechanistically, the novel E2-virome-enriched phage øBTZT001P (belonging to Wulfhauvirus ) lysogenically infects Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , increasing sphingosine production. Downstream, sphingosine suppresses the commensal bacterium Blautia obeum in the gut, leading to worsened intestinal inflammation. Our findings reveal that configurational differences in the gut virome may dictate disease outcome through a phage-bacteria-metabolite-intestine axis, highlighting the importance of gut phage-bacteria crosstalk in health.
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Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases
·
2026
·Vol. 35
·期 5
·108628
·
IF 2.1
Zhihong Zhong,Shuhong Wang,Canxin Xu,Qingyun Liu,Xiao Chen,Dong Lin,Liuguan Bian
Background and purpose Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating acute neurological condition with high mortality and disability. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC NPCs) have been shown to promote behavioral recovery by enhancing neural connectivity and providing trophic support. As the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a key regulator of autophagy in stroke, we investigated its role in the context of iPSC NPC transplantation for ICH. Materials and methods The therapeutic effects of iPSC NPC transplantation were evaluated in both in vivo and in vitro ICH models. We analyzed changes in the protein and mRNA expression, along with immunofluorescence, of key markers including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), AMPK, mTOR, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/ P62), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). Results Our findings demonstrate that iPSC NPCs secrete cytokines that mitigate brain injury and protect astrocytes from autophagy. Specifically, iPSC NPCs promoted astrocyte activation by inhibiting AMPK phosphorylation and promoting mTOR activation in both model systems. The anti-autophagic effect of iPSC NPCs on astrocytes was abolished by an mTOR inhibitor. Conversely, AMPK knockdown with siRNA promoted mTOR phosphorylation and suppressed autophagy in astrocytes. Conclusion This study identifies the interaction between AMPK and mTOR in astrocytes as a critical mechanism underlying the therapeutic benefits of iPSC-NPC transplantation, highlighting it as a promising target for ICH treatment.
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Nutrients
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2026
·Vol. 18
·期 6
·
IF 5.8
Warren Chanda,He Jiang,Shuang-Jiang Liu
Background/Objectives: Cholesterol is an essential lipid required for membrane structure and normal physiological functions. However, dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis, manifesting as hypercholesterolemia, can precipitate a range of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.Blautiaspecies are important gut commensals, but their role in cholesterol metabolism remains poorly defined.Methods: A total of 63Blautiastrains isolated from human fecal samples were screened for cholesterol conversion using the o-phthalaldehyde colorimetric assay in cholesterol-containing media with or without oxgall. Cholesterol removal by live and heat-inactivated cells was compared. Metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses were employed to investigate molecular mechanisms and involved genes.Results: Nine strains significantly lowered cholesterol levels (live cells: 31–78%; heat-inactivated cells: 8–64%), with theB. hominisstrain HA2291, theBlautiasp. strain HA3515, and theB. coccoidesstrain HA4419 showing the strongest activity. Oxgall increased cholesterol removal by live cells to 74–83%, indicating bile-tolerant metabolism activity. Metabolomic profiling revealed thatB. hominisHA2291 transformed cholesterol into cholest-4-en-3-one and epicholestanol. An SCP2-like protein, RS03310, was identified as a candidate cholesterol-interacting factor; its recombinant form catalyzed measurable NAD+-dependent cholesterol oxidation in vitro.Conclusions:Blautia hominisHA2291 may employ multiple in vitro strategies for cholesterol-lowering, including cell-surface adsorption (heat-inactivated cells), bile-enhanced removal (oxgall effect), and enzymatic transformation, with the gene RS03310 implicated as the main contributor. These findings provide in vitro mechanistic insights intoBlautia-mediated cholesterol metabolism, highlight RS03310 as a candidate gene associated with cholesterol biotransformation, and advance our understanding of the potential role ofBlautiain host cholesterol homeostasis.
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Cell Reports Physical Science
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 2
·
IF 6.9
Yitong Liu,Yanan Zhou,Jiajia Wu,Peng Wang,Congyu Wang,Wenlong Ma,Shao’e Sun,Jianming Wang,Wenyong Jiang,Dun Zhang,Zhongli Sha
Droplet electricity generator (DEG)-powered DNA biosensors offer significant advantages in ultrasensitive and portable detection. However, the suboptimal power output of conventional DEGs has hindered the advancement of their sensing performance. To address this limitation, we engineered a core-shell-structured high-entropy sulfide (HES)-based filler to construct an optimized intermediate layer for the DEG (TiO 2 @HES/PVDF [THP]-DEG), achieving a remarkable output voltage of 625 V and dramatically improving the detection limit of the DEG biosensor. Specifically, the research developed a THP composite as the functional intermediate layer, where the advanced material design effectively mitigates particle aggregation and leakage current, thereby enhancing sensor performance and extending the DNA detection range to the femtomolar (fM) level. Furthermore, we established a mathematical model to precisely correlate electrical signals with DNA concentration. The THP-DEG biosensor demonstrated exceptional performance in detecting DNA from Alvinocarididae and sulfate-reducing bacteria, achieving ultrahigh sensitivity with detection limits of 0.987 and 0.927 fM, respectively.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Wang Yingnan,Wang Chang,Zhai Lin,Zhu Xiaoye
Cervical cancer is significantly associated with persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18, making accurate detection of low-abundance HPV-18 mRNA crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Current nucleic acid detection methods are often limited by complex instrumentation, time-consuming procedures, or fluorophore modifications. To address this, we developed an enzyme-free colorimetric biosensor by integrating a multicomponent nucleic acid enzyme (MNAzyme) with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) for signal amplification. In this strategy, target recognition triggers the formation of an active MNAzyme that cleaves a substrate hairpin, initiating a CHA cascade which releases G-rich sequences. These sequences form G-quadruplexes with peroxidase-like activity, catalyzing the oxidation of colorless TMB into a soluble blue product, enabling both visual detection and spectrophotometric quantification at 650 nm. Under optimized conditions, the biosensor achieved a detection limit of 6.92 pM for HPV-18 mRNA, allowing naked-eye identification of target levels as low as 10 pM. The platform exhibited high specificity and could be adapted to detect other HPV mRNA subtypes by simply modifying the recognition sequence. This work presents a universal, simplified, and sensitive colorimetric strategy with great promise for future development of point-of-care testing and viral analysis platforms.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Junhua Chen,Zihao Zhang,Chengshuai Liu
Visual and on-site monitoring of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) with high sensitivity and selectivity is essential for ensuring food safety. We herein developed a colorimetric biosensor for AFB1 monitoring based on target-mediated DNA self-replicating circuits. The aptamer-AFB1 recognition liberated the trigger DNA (T), which initiates DNA assemblies involving hairpin probes H1, H2 and H3. Through a series of DNA toehold hybridizations and strand displacements, a ternary hybrid H1-H2-H3 will be produced. At one arm of the H1-H2-H3 hybrid is a newly regenerated T and at other two arms are the Mg 2 + -DNAzymes. The Mg 2+ -DNAzyme can cleave the substrate chain to liberate another blocked T sequence and a G-quadruplex sequence. All three types of T probes can be recycled to form the DNA self-replicating circuits than can continuously generate H1-H2-H3 products. The G-quadruplex DNAzyme catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to produce a colorimetric signal that is observable directly by the naked eye. This enzyme-free DNA circuit-based biosensor exhibits high sensitivity, with a visual detection limit reaching 0.1 pM. This biosensor is robust and can be employed to detect AFB1 in corn, peanut, and rice samples with good reliability. Using AFB1, deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) as three logic inputs, we further built cascaded INHIBIT-AND and AND-OR logic gates, which possess great potential for intelligent sensing of various mycotoxins.
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