Caitao Kang,Chenglong Ding,Yao Li,Yanming Li,Changli Li,Jingfu He
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) in acidic electrolytes can effectively overcome the challenge of carbonate formation and poor carbon utilization efficiency of CO2R in alkaline and neutral electrolytes. The corresponding anodic reaction design in an acidic environment therefore becomes important to overcome the valueless products and high energy consumption of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that hinder the overall commercial value of CO2R systems. Herein, we designed an efficient coupling system of electrochemical CO2 reduction and chlorine oxidation in an acidic electrolyte to reduce CO2 loss and improve the sustainability of the reaction system. We modulated the local microenvironment to promote C–C coupling by combining the cation effect with the larger surface area CuO nanoparticle catalyst in an acidic electrolyte. As a result, this coupling system can achieve high C2H4 and Cl2 faradaic efficiencies (FEs) of 63% and 89% at 700 mA cm−2 simultaneously. The system is commercially promising as it stably produces valuable products at both the cathode and anode.
Yinqiao Zhang,Juhong Zhan,Bin Wang,Jun Huang,Shubo Deng,Gang Yu,Sridhar Komarneni,Yujue Wang
This research evaluated integrating ultraviolet (UV) irradiation with electrochemical chlorine (Cl 2 ) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production for micropollutant abatement in water treatment. Combining UV with anodic Cl 2 production (E-UV/Cl 2 ) effectively abated gemfibrozil and naproxen, but ineffectively abated ibuprofen due to its low reactivity with chlorine radicals (e.g., ClO• and Cl 2 - •). In comparison, combining UV with cathodic H 2 O 2 production (E-UV/H 2 O 2 ) more effectively abated ibuprofen, but less efficiently abated gemfibrozil and naproxen due to the significant scavenging of •OH by the water matrix. Moreover, simultaneously producing Cl 2 and H 2 O 2 during UV irradiation (E-UV/Cl 2 /H 2 O 2 ) in an undivided reactor did not further enhance micropollutant abatement compared to the E-UV/H 2 O 2 process because of the mutual consumption of anodically generated Cl 2 and cathodic generated H 2 O 2 . In contrast, by separating the anodic and cathodic compartments with an anion exchange membrane and operating the E-UV/Cl 2 /H 2 O 2 process in an anode-to-cathode configuration, all test micropollutants could be adequately abated through the sequential oxidation with the selective chlorine radicals and non-selective •OH in the anodic and cathodic compartments. In general, the concentrations of micropollutants could be abated by 84–100% with a short hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 9.4 min and feasible energy demand (E EO ≤ 3.15 kWh/m 3 -log) in the selected groundwater and secondary wastewater during the E-UV/Cl 2 /H 2 O 2 process in the divided reactor. The results indicate that different synergistic effects can be obtained for micropollutant abatement by combining UV and electrochemical processes in varying configurations, and the divided E-UV/Cl 2 /H 2 O 2 process is a more robust and energy-efficient method for micropollutant abatement during decentralized water treatment.
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