WATER RESEARCH
·
2023
·
IF 12.8
Yifei Zhang,Zhechao Hua,Xuewen Zhang,Kaiheng Guo,Jingyun Fang
Solar photolysis of free chlorine (solar/chlorine) in bromide-containing water occurs under various scenarios, such as chlorinated reservoirs and outdoor swimming pools, and the formation of chlorate and bromate is an important issue in the system. We reported unexpected trends for the formation of chlorate and bromate in the solar/chlorine system. Excess chlorine inhibited the formation of bromate, i.e., increasing chlorine dosages from 50 to 100 μM reduced the bromate yield from 6.4 to 1.2 μM in solar/chlorine at 50 μM bromide and pH 7. The yield of bromate in solar/chlorine at 100 μM chlorine and 50 μM bromide in 240 min was 18.8% of that at 50 μM bromine only. The underlying mechanism was that HOCl can react with bromite (BrO 2 − ) to form HOClOBrO − , whose multi-step transformation finally formed chlorate as the major product and bromate as the minor product. This reaction overwhelmed the oxidation of bromite to form bromate by reactive species, such as • OH, BrO • and ozone. On the other hand, the presence of bromide greatly enhanced the formation of chlorate. Increasing bromide concentrations from 0 to 50 μM enhanced the chlorate yields from 2.2 to 7.0 μM at 100 μM chlorine. The absorbance of bromine was higher than that of chlorine, thus the photolysis of bromine formed higher levels of bromite at higher bromide concentrations. Then, bromite rapidly reacted with HOCl to form HOClOBrO − and it further transformed to chlorate. Additionally, 1 mg L − 1 NOM had a negligible effect on bromate yields in solar/chlorine at 50 μM bromide, 100 μM chlorine and pH 7. This study demonstrated a new pathway of chlorate and bromate formation in the solar/chlorine system with bromide.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Communications Earth & Environment
·
2022
·Vol. 3
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 7.29
Li Dongdong,Zhao Yu-Yan Sara,Meslin Pierre-Yves,Vals Margaux,Forget François,Wu Zhongchen
The high perchlorate (ClO 4 − ) to chloride (Cl − ) ratios observed at the Phoenix landing site, northern polar region of Mars, have been puzzling since detection. However, a lack of understanding of perchlorate-chloride-water systems under cryogenic conditions makes it difficult to assess ClO 4 − /Cl − ratios during deliquescence-related processes. Here we quantitatively evaluate ClO 4 − /Cl − fractionation in deliquescence-induced brines of magnesium- and calcium-perchlorate-chloride salt mixtures under subzero conditions, by measuring solubility data and constructing temperature-dependent thermodynamic models. We find that under specific relative humidity (RH) and temperature ( T ) conditions, deliquescence of perchlorate-chloride mixtures may form brines with fractionated ClO 4 − /Cl − signatures. Appropriate RH -T , water-limited conditions, and aeolian processes are required to produce and preserve the elevated ClO 4 − /Cl − signatures in soils. Under the present climate, the north polar region can support ClO 4 − /Cl − fractionation and potentially enrich perchlorate for longer periods on global Mars. This highlights the uniqueness of Mars’ arctic environment and its implications for modern habitability.
研究领域:
地球科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2020
·Vol. 32
·期 14
·1907043
·
IF 27.398
Guangfa Wang,Yushu Li,Zhenzhen Cai,Xincun Dou
The detection of ultralow or nonvolatile target analytes remains a significant challenge for artificial olfactory systems even after decades of development, which severely limits their widespread application. To overcome this challenge, an artificial olfactory system based on a colorimetric hydrogel array is constructed for the first time as a universal representative. As an effective extension of conventional artificial olfactory systems that integrates the merits of its predecessors, the proposed system accurately mimics olfactory mucosa and specific odorant binding proteins using hydrogels endowed with specific colorimetric reagents for the detection of hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea, and nitrate. Therefore, the proposed system is capable of detecting and discriminating between these five airborne improvised explosive microparticulates with a detection limit as low as 39.4 pg. Additionally, the system demonstrates good reusability over ten cycles, rapid response time of ≈0.2 s, and excellent discrimination properties, despite significant variation. This proof-of-concept study on colorimetric artificial olfactory systems yields a novel strategy for the direct and discriminative detection of nonvolatile airborne microparticulates.
研究领域:
化学传感
·
爆炸物检测
·
分析化学
·
材料科学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Jiawei Hu,Shaogang Hu,Jing Zhang,Xiangqian Xu,Jie Wu
This study proposed a novel pretreatment technology by combining thermal hydrolysis (TH) with calcium hypochlorite (CH) to promote sludge anaerobic digestion (AD) performance. Experimental results indicated that the optimum pretreatment condition was TH at 70 °C combined with 0.08 g/g volatile suspended solids (VSS) of CH, by which the methane production of 260.1 mL/g VSS was achieved, 59.1 % higher than control group. Kinetic analysis revealed that methane production potential enhanced from 158.9 to 257.0 mL/g VSS after TH + CH pretreatment, and methane production rate accordingly increased from 13.10 to 27.97 mL/g VSS/d. Mechanism analysis illustrated that both extracellular polymeric substances and microbial cells were damaged by TH + CH method, resulting in substantial increase of hydrolysis efficiency. Microbial analysis revealed that the abundances of hydrolytic, acidogenic and methanogenic microbes were all enhanced under co-treatment condition, with the total abundances calculated to be 12.33 % and 22.68 % in control and TH + CH pretreated reactors, respectively.
研究领域:
环境工程
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2022
·
IF 4.831
DongFei Li,Shuo Zhang,Hongsheng Jia,Mingxing Song,Ying Zhang,Haibo Li,Mi Zhou
Lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), as one of the new high-energy oxidizers, is chosen for high pressure Raman research to gain a better understanding of the structure and stability, which is very important for the performance of an explosive. Raman spectra of LiClO 4 crystal have been measured from ambient to 25.07 GPa with diamond anvil cells (DACs) at room temperature to investigate the structural stability of this system. Raman vibrational modes of LiClO 4 crystal at ambient pressure were resolved comprehensively on the basis of our experimental and calculated results. Upon increase of pressure on LiClO 4 crystal sample to 1.96 GPa, it was found that the LiClO 4 crystal exhibited a pressure-induced first-order phase transformation behavior. The occurrence of a second phase transformation of LiClO 4 crystal induced by pressure was observed at about 5.09 GPa. Both phase transformations were demonstrated based on the detailed spectroscopic analysis of the variations in the number of lattice modes, splitting of Raman bands and frequency jumps of the Raman vibrational modes of LiClO 4 crystal.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2025
·
IF 2
Xue Jianyu,Li Yingchun,Wang Wensheng,Yuan Chengke,Mi Jia,Zhang Yinzhu
Recycled acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (rABS) and recycled high impact polystyrene (rHIPS) are vital components of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) plastics, playing crucial roles in the recycling process. This paper utilized sodium chlorite (NaClO 2 ) to modify the surfaces of rABS and rHIPS, followed by flotation to separate the two types of plastics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) test confirmed that the number of hydrophilic groups introduced on the rABS surface was more than that of rHIPS after surface modification. Through contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), it was confirmed that the modification on the rABS sample surface altered its microstructure and enhanced its surface wettability. The sodium chlorite concentration, modification temperature, and modification time significantly affected the floating percentage of rABS and rHIPS. The optimal surface modification conditions were determined to be a sodium chlorite concentration of 0.08 mol L -1 , a modification temperature of 70 °C, and a modification time of 60 min. Under these conditions, efficient separation of rABS and rHIPS was achieved, with floating percentage of 3.62 and 96.39%, respectively. Therefore, surface modification using sodium chlorite can be utilized to facilitate the flotation separation of rABS and rHIPS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2015
·Vol. 182
·期 13
·2337-2343
·
IF 3.741
Tang Qin,Yang Tingting,Huang Yuming
Copper nanoclusters (Cu-NCs) were fabricated by chemical reduction of Cu(II) ions using formaldehyde as the reductant and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) as the protecting agent. The resulting Cu-NCs were characterized by TEM, FT-IR, UV–vis and XPS and fluorescence spectroscopy. The Cu-NCs display a luminescence quantum yield of about 13 %, and the emission peaks shift from 398 to 457 nm on increasing the excitation wavelength from 310 to 390 nm. The Cu-NCs possess a storage stability of at least 2 months and are stable in the presence of high concentrations of salt. Their fluorescence is strongly quenched by hypochlorite, while other common cations, anions and hydrogen peroxide have minor (or no) effects on fluorescence. On this basis, a fluorometric hypochlorite assay was developed that has a 0.1 μM detection limit and a linear range that extends from 1 to 30 μM. The method was successfully used to the determination of hypochlorite in local tap water samples, and the results agreed well with those obtained by a colorimetric method.
Hypochlorite ion is found to quench the fluorescence copper nanoclusters synthesized by reduction of Cu(II) ion by formaldehyde in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) serving as protecting agent. This finding resulted in a new fluorescence assay for hypochlorite.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
·
生物医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2016
·Vol. 8
·期 13
·2723-2728
·
IF 1.915
Yongming Guo,Lianfeng Zhang,Fengpu Cao,Lianghong Mang,Xiaoling Lei,Shengjuan Cheng,Jintong Song
A facile, sensitive and selective method for the fluorescent detection of hypochlorite in tap water has been developed by utilization of blue-emissive silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) with a quantum yield of 10.6%. The SiQDs are prepared via a simple hydrothermal treatment of (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and sodium citrate, and they display excellent stability in high salt conditions. The proposed preparation method for SiQDs does not require complicated synthesis and does not need the protection of an inert gas. It is attractive that the as-prepared SiQDs can be utilized to detect hypochlorite in tap water with relatively good selectivity and sensitivity, and as low as 0.01 μM hypochlorite could be successfully determined.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Jiafu Li,Jingsi Chen,Zhiyong Hu,Xinyu Li,Mei Li,Yuan Wang,Zengli Zhang,Xiaojun Liang
Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) is a popular disinfectant for swimming pools in China. However, the occurrence and importance of regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in TCCA-disinfected swimming pools are less understood. This study analyzed 12 regulated DBPs (4 trihalomethanes (THMs), 5 haloacetic acid (HAAs), bromate , chlorate, and chlorite) in 85 swimming pool water samples and 17 input tap water samples from one swimming pool for 17 days continuously. Considering water temperature, pH, free chlorine, total chlorine, and urea, most of swimming pool water samples were within the water quality limits for China. Total concentrations of THMs, HAAs, and inorganic DBPs of 20.4–42.2, 82.0–229, and 100–729 μg/L in the swimming pool, and 16.6–28.3, 8.2–12.8, and 64.4–95.6 μg/L in the tap water, indicating inorganic DBPs are the dominant swimming pool and drinking water pollutants. Cancer risk values of regulated DBPs in swimming pools and input tap water are 2.7E-05 and 8.1E-05, respectively, and exceed the US EPA's threshold (1.0E-06). The non-cancer risk is below the US EPA's threshold. Following TCCA disinfection, the concentration and calculated cytotoxicity of regulated DBPs had a 3.6-fold and 1.9-fold increase, respectively. Inorganic DBPs contribute to the calculated concentration and cancer risks of DBPs in swimming pools and tap water at sufficient concentrations warranting regulation. This study provides data on 12 regulated DBPs in TCCA-disinfected indoor swimming pools, highlighting the importance of inorganic DBPs from evidences of concentration, cytotoxicity, and cancer risk for the first time.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
·
水质
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·
IF 6.653
Shaodong Hou,Li Ling,Dionysios D. Dionysiou,Yuru Wang,Jiajia Huang,Kaiheng Guo,Xuchun Li,Jingyun Fang
Halides and natural organic matter (NOM) are inevitable in aquatic environment and influence the degradation of contaminants in sulfate radical (SO4•–)-based advanced oxidation processes. This study investigated the formation of chlorate in the coexposure of SO4•–, chloride (Cl–), bromide (Br–) and/or NOM in UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) and cobalt(II)/peroxymonosulfate (Co/PMS) systems. The formation of chlorate increased with increasing Cl– concentration in the UV/PDS system, however, in the Co/PMS system, it initially increased and then decreased. The chlorate formation involved the formation of hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HOCl/OCl–) as an intermediate in both systems. The formation was primarily attributable to SO4•– in the UV/PDS system, whereas Co(III) played a significant role in the oxidation of Cl– to HOCl/OCl– and SO4•– was important for the oxidation of HOCl/OCl– to chlorate in the Co/PMS system. The pseudo-first-order rate constants (k′) of the transformation from Cl– to HOCl/OCl– were 3.32 × 10–6 s–1 and 9.23 × 10–3 s–1 in UV/PDS and Co/PMS, respectively. Meanwhile, k′ of HOCl/OCl– to chlorate in UV/PDS and Co/PMS were 2.43 × 10–3 s–1 and 2.70 × 10–4 s–1, respectively. Br– completely inhibited the chlorate formation in UV/PDS, but inhibited it by 45.2% in Co/PMS. The k′ of SO4•– reacting with Br– to form hypobromous acid/hypobromite (HOBr/OBr–) was calculated to be 378 times higher than that of Cl– to HOCl/OCl–, but the k′ of Co(III) reacting with Br– to form HOBr/OBr– was comparable to that of Cl– to HOCl/OCl–. NOM also significantly inhibited the chlorate formation, due to the consumption of SO4•– and reactive chlorine species (RCS, such as Cl·, ClO· and HOCl/OCl–). This study demonstrated the formation of chlorate in SO4•–-based AOPs, which should to be considered in their application in water treatment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Xiaoran Xue,Zaiqiu Zhang,Yang Yang,Lin Hu,Mingyi Zhao,Qingnan He
Objective This study aimed to assess the acute developmental toxicity of perchlorate exposure and identify its manifestation of neurotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. Methods Zebrafish larvae were exposed to sodium perchlorate at early developmental stages and the phenotypes of various developmental abnormalities were observed and recorded. Neurodevelopmental toxicity has been studied in particular in terms of central nervous system apoptosis, peripheral motor abnormalities, and abnormal autonomic motor behavior. Samples were processed for pathological, transcriptomic, and PCR analyses. Results Acute exposure of zebrafish larvae to perchlorate resulted in developmental toxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. Heart rate abnormality (33 %), slow blood flow (37 %), abnormal size of liver (23 %), delayed yolk absorption (70 %), and abnormal body pigmentation (100 %) were observed in the 3.83 mg/mL group. Heart edema (10 %), heart rate abnormality (60 %), slow blood flow (67 %), abnormal size of liver (77 %), delayed yolk absorption (100 %), abnormalities in intestinal morphology (30 %), abnormal body pigmentation (100 %), and shorter body length (47 %) were observed in the 4.03 mg/mL group. Developmental neurotoxicity was characterized by brain apoptosis, damage to the central nervous system ( P < 0.01) and peripheral motor neurons ( P < 0.0001), and reduced autonomous motor distance ( P < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that c3a.1, c5, fga, fgb, and fgg were upregulated in the complement and coagulation cascades, and the mRNA levels of c3a.1, dusp1, slc2a6, purba, and klf9 were found upregulated in PCR. Conclusion Acute perchlorate exposure on zebrafish larvae caused various developmental toxicity in a concentration-dependent manner, notably neurotoxicity. We believed the immunological and inflammatory responses were involved.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
发育生物学
·
神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 11.6
Jian Ao,Lingjun Bu,Yangtao Wu,Jinming Luo,Shiqing Zhou
Selective perchlorate removal from surface water is a pressing need due to the stringent perchlorate drinking water limits around the world. Herein, we anchored N + –C–H hydrogen bond donors in hydrophobic cavities via interactions of cationic surfactants with montmorillonite to prioritize perchlorate bonding. The prepared adsorbent exhibited high selectivity over commonly occurring competing anions, including SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , PO 4 3− , HCO 3 − , and halide anions. High adsorption capacity, fast adsorption kinetics, and excellent regeneration ability (removal efficiency ≥ 80% after 20 cycles) were confirmed via batch experiments. Unconventional CH···O hydrogen bonding was verified as the primary driving force for perchlorate adsorption, which relies on the higher bond energy (∼80 kcal·mol −1 ) than conventional bonding. The removal efficiency of anions followed the order of the Hofmeister Series, demonstrating the importance of hydrophobic cavities formed by the tail groups of cationic surfactants. The hydrophobic cavities sheltered the C–H bonds from interacting with anions of low hydration energy (e.g., perchlorate). Furthermore, a fixed-bed column test demonstrated that about 2900 bed volumes of the feeding streams (∼500 μg L −1 ) can be treated to ≤ 70 μg L −1 , with an enrichment factor of 10.3. Overall, on the basis of the hydrophobicity-induced hydrogen bonding mechanism, a series of low-cost adsorbents can be synthesized and applied for specific perchlorate removal.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）