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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering · 2020 · IF 4.3

Biosorptive removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous solutions using magnetic cyanoethyl chitosan beads

Qian Zhang,Shuting Zhuang,Jianlong Wang

Biosorption is a cleaner technology for the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater. In this study, a cleaner method was proposed for preparing a novel biosorbent, magnetic cyanoethyl chitosan beads, which was characterized by FT-IR, SEM-EDS, XRD, TGA, BET, and vibrating sample magnetometer, and applied for removing Co 2+ from aqueous solutions. The influencing factors, such as contact time (0−120 min), pH (5–8), and initial concentration of cobalt ions (10−600 mg L −1 ), were examined. The first-order, second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models were used to simulate the kinetics of the cobalt adsorption process. The experimental data of isotherms were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. Among them, the second-order model and Langmuir model were the best fitting. The adsorption capacity was calculated to be 17.92 mg g −1 according to the Langmuir model. From the analysis of the FT-IR spectra, it can be inferred that CN and NH 2 were mainly responsible for the adsorption of Co 2+ from aqueous solutions. The grafting of cyanoethyl groups on chitosan enhanced the sorption capacity towards Co 2+ , the magnetic cyanoethyl chitosan bead is economical and effective biosorbent for the treatment heavy metal-containing wastewater.

研究领域: 环境科学 · 材料科学 · 生物技术

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Current Protocols · 2023 ·Vol. 3 ·期 11 ·e923 · IF 0

A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 2′-O-Cyanoethylated Nucleotides and Their Application in the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Related RNA Analogs

Xuan Chen,Long Xie,Chenglong Zhang,Shen Tian,Zeyu Tang,Weiwei Tian,Patrick Lu,Xianbin Yang

Although small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a key player among gene inhibition therapeutics, there are many obstacles to the development of siRNA drugs due to inherent properties of oligonucleotides, including the unsatisfactory stability of unmodified siRNA, poor pharmacokinetic distribution, and the toxicity induced by off-target effects. To maximize treatment potency, chemical modification of siRNA has undoubtedly been the most successful strategy by far. Widely applied modifications include phosphorothioate linkages, 2′- O -methyl modifications, and 2′-fluoro modifications, among others. To extend the family of chemical modifications for oligonucleotides, 2′- O -cyanoethylated RNA analogs were developed through the replacement of the 2′-hydroxyl group with a 2′- O -cyanoethyl group (-OCH 2 CH 2 CN). This modification can provide several advantages over unmodified RNA, such as increased stability, improved binding affinity to complementary DNA or RNA strands, and resistance to degradation by cellular nucleases. The 2′- O -cyanoethyl-modified RNAs not only are applied in RNA silencing machinery but also act as research tools for studying RNA structure and function or for developing RNA-based diagnostics. Therefore, the efficient synthesis, deprotection, purification, and characterization of 2′- O -cyanoethylated RNAs deserves more attention. This protocol describes the chemical synthesis of 2′- O -cyanoethylated nucleotides and the solid-phase synthesis, deprotection, and purification of 2′- O -cyanoethylated RNAs. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1 : Preparation of 6- N -dimethylformamidyl-5′- O -dimethoxytrityl-2′- O -cyanoethyl adenosine 3′-(2-cyanoethyl N , N -diisopropyl)phosphoramidite Basic Protocol 2 : Preparation of 4- N -acetyl-5′- O -dimethoxytrityl-2′- O -cyanoethyl cytidine 3′-(2-cyanoethyl N , N -diisopropyl)phosphoramidite Basic Protocol 3 : Preparation of 2- N -dimethylformamidyl-5′- O -dimethoxytrityl-2′- O -cyanoethyl guanine 3′-(2-cyanoethyl N , N -diisopropyl)phosphoramidite Basic Protocol 4 : Preparation of 5′- O -dimethoxytrityl-2′- O -2-cyanoethyl uridine 3′-(2-cyanoethyl N , N -diisopropyl)phosphoramidite Basic Protocol 5 : Solid-phase synthesis of 2′- O -cyanoethylated RNA analogs Basic Protocol 6 : Deprotection and purification of synthesized 2′- O -cyanoethyl-RNAs

研究领域: 分子生物学 · 生物化学 · 药物化学 · RNA治疗学 · 有机合成

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Biosorptive removal of cobalt(II) from aqueous solutions using magnetic cyanoethyl chitosan beads

A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of 2′-O-Cyanoethylated Nucleotides and Their Application in the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Related RNA Analogs