Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2025
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IF 9.5
Xiaoyang Zhang,Xuefei Zhang,Hai-Tao Ren,Ting-Ting Li,Ching-Wen Lou
Flexible hydrovoltaic generators, which sustainably convert abundant water resources in nature into electrical energy, have attracted significant attention in the field of wearable electronics. However, owing to the low surface charge density and poor charge transfer capability of the current active materials in hydrovoltaic generators, challenges remain in realizing high power output, large-scale integration, and wearable practical applications. In this work, a novel approach is proposed using a self-assembly and in situ growth method to fabricate a hydrovoltaic device based on a core-sheath structure composed of negatively charged Ti3C2TX MXene (MXene) as the matrix material and positively charged conductive polypyrrole (PPy). This design simultaneously achieves high conductivity and surface charge density and has been successfully applied to wearable hydroelectric energy conversion. The resulting device exhibits a peak current of 4.07 mA and a maximum power output of 215 μW, outperforming most existing hydrovoltaic generators. The cotton fabric-based hydrovoltaic generator with a continuous core-sheath structure developed in this study not only enhances electricity generation under water diffusion but also demonstrates sensitive sensing signals in response to solution fluctuations (1283.08 μA M−1), creating new possibilities for flexible self-powered wearable hydrovoltaic electronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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柔性电子
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
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2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-14
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IF 15.7
Cao Yuanming,Tan Ji,Sun Tingting,Deng Yechuan,Zhang Min,Guan Shiwei,Zhang Xianming,Wei Chao,Huo Panpan,Zhuo Mingpeng,Zhu Hongqin,Qiu Jiajun,Liu Xuanyong
Hydrovoltaic technologies that generate electricity by absorbing or transferring free water without chemical reactions have been explored as potential candidates for renewable energy. Self-powered flexible sensors, including hydrovoltaic fibers, are becoming an important research direction in the field of renewable energy. However, integrating sensing and power generation in functional fibers remains challenging due to the need to regulate water movement to achieve performance differences. Here, we present a gas-liquid two-phase flow spinning method, inspired by spider multimodal spinning, that uses bubble-triggered spinning-liquid deformation to fabricate hollow, solid spindle, and ratchet tooth-shaped fibers. These structures alter water adsorption and transfer behaviors, making them suitable for targeted applications in hydrovoltaic devices for energy and sensing fields. Shaped fibers prepared from alginate-bridged MoS₂ enable a wide range of hydrovoltaic applications. The obtained fiber has a power density of 2.18 mW/cm 3 , stable operation at 2.1 V for 43 hours, and sensitivity of 9.36 mV/RH%/s, leading to the development of smart masks for nasal cycle monitoring, diagnosis, and therapy as potential applications. Spinning materials were extended to materials such as carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., inspiring the design of structure-responsive hydroelectric materials and advancing textile electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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生物医学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2025
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IF 7.9
Hao Xu,Xiaohu Ren,Shunli Wu,Hudie Yuan,Yuchi Liu,Dongyun Gui,Hongfeng Yin,Mingchang Zhang,Xuan Huang
The evaporation-induced electric generator (EIG) based on the hydrovoltaic effect is a sustainable energy harvester that converts the phase-change energy of water into electricity through interactions between functionalized nanomaterials and water molecules. However, the complex processes and low cost-effectiveness of most hydrovoltaic materials hinder the further large-scale application of the EIGs. In this study, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and oxidized carbon nanotubes (O-CNTs) are combined through an electrospinning-electrostatic spraying synergistic process to obtain a flexible O-CNTs/PAN composite nanofiber membrane, and an EIG device is constructed using the membrane. The three-dimensional interconnected porous network structure of the nanofibers provides effective water transportation channels, and the O-CNTs on the surface of PAN contain a large number of oxygen-containing groups, which undergo electrostatic bonding with protons or metal ions. The optimized device achieves a stable open-circuit voltage of 0.18 V. With a 2 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, the device exhibits a peak short-circuit current ( I SC ) of 14.2 μA. Through the integration of multiple EIG units, a module powers small electronic components. This study provides a cost-effective and easy-scalable strategy for the design and construction of efficient hydrovoltaic devices, providing valuable references for the large-scale application of EIGs.
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DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2025
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IF 9.8
Ya'’nan Zhao,Liyang Zhao,Yi'’na Yang,Tianran Zhao,Chunna Yu,Chang Zhao,Guangjian Xing
Freshwater scarcity and energy shortages stand as two of the most pressing global challenges confronting modern society. The integration of solar-driven interfacial evaporation with the hydrovoltaic effect emerges as a highly promising strategy to address both issues simultaneously. In this study, we report the development of Janus Nb 2 CT X /graphene aerogels (NGAs) specifically engineered to synergistically facilitate solar-driven seawater evaporation and hydrovoltaic power generation. The Janus NGAs were fabricated via a combination of hydrothermal reaction, freeze-drying, and surface modification techniques, yielding a three-dimensional porous architecture with distinct hydrophilic-hydrophobic asymmetry—a key structural feature for their dual-functional performance. Under 1 sun irradiation, the optimized NGA-3 sample achieved a high seawater evaporation rate of 1.64 kg·m −2 h −1 and an exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency of 86.61 %, attributed to the reduced water evaporation enthalpy (1904 kJ·kg −1 ) induced by the formation of intermediate water within the aerogel's porous structure. Meanwhile, the Nb 2 CT X MXene component enhances broadband sunlight absorption through the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, further boosting photothermal conversion. Concurrently, the NGAs exhibit robust hydrovoltaic performance: in NaCl solution, NGA-3 generated a stable output voltage of 147 mV under 1 sun and 236 mV under 3 sun. A peak power density of 197 μW·cm −2 was achieved in 10 wt% NaCl solution, demonstrating its adaptability to high-salinity environments. Additionally, the NGAs maintain excellent salt resistance and long-term operational stability. The synergistic integration of efficient photothermal conversion and electricity harvesting in the Janus NGAs offers a viable solution to alleviate global freshwater and energy pressures.
研究领域:
材料科学
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可再生能源
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环境工程
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纳米技术
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能量收集
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
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IF 4.4
Xiaoxuan Fan,Mei-Chen Lin,Xiaoyang Zhang,Xuefei Zhang,Bing-Chiuan Shiu,Jia-Horng Lin,Ching-Wen Lou,Ting-Ting Li
In this paper, solar energy can be absorbed by introducing PPy (polypyrrole) as an absorber layer on hydrophilically treated polypropylene nonwoven (PPDA). T organic/inorganic P-type thermoelectric materials PEDOT (poly 3,4 ethylene dioxythiophene) and CuI (cuprous iodide) were subsequently introduced as thermoelectric layers to obtain a multistage core–shell structure of PPDA–PPy-PEDOT/CuI photothermoelectric fabric to harvest thermal and water energy and convert it into electrical energy. The introduction of PPy as an absorber layer can effectively increase the surface temperature of thermoelectric fabrics under light and, with the thermoelectric layer, can form a double energy filtering system to improve the Seebeck coefficient. Finally, the PPDA–PPy-PEDOT/CuI photothermoelectric fabric was assembled to obtain a photothermoelectric panel, which could reach about 6.6 mV when tested under infrared light, and the photothermoelectric panel was tested under a wet condition with infrared light and heat; the photothermoelectric effect in concert with hydrovoltage effect could reach about 110 and 73.94 mV when tested under outdoor sunlight. This study achieves the conversion of thermal and water energy to electrical energy by the synergistic effect of photothermoelectric effect and water voltaic effect, which provides an idea for the sustainable development of green in the wearable field.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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纳米技术
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可持续发展
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电气工程
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纺织工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）