CHEMOSPHERE
·
2017
·
IF 4.208
Cong Li,Feilong Dong,John C. Crittenden,Feng Luo,Xinbo Chen,Taotao Zhao
The kinetics and mechanisms of 17β-estradiol (E2) chlorination in water distribution systems (WDS) were studied. We examined the impacts of different factors, including pH, temperature, humic acid concentration and type, and flow velocity. The experimental results showed that the rate constants in beaker tests and WDS were described by a pseudo-first-order model. pH had the greatest impact on E2 chlorination in the beaker tests. However, temperature had the greatest impact on E2 chlorination in WDS. Mechanistic analysis of E2 chlorination showed that chlorine attacked E2 in three stages: 1) halogenation of the aromatic ring, 2) cleavage of the benzene moiety and chlorine or bromine substitution formation, and 3) formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) from phenolic intermediates through benzene ring opening with chlorine and/or bromine substitution of hydrogen on the carbon atoms. In the third stage, the concentrations of THMs and HAAs increased rapidly.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Jiaru Lin,Chenhao Liang,Tong Lin,Ruimin Zhong,Yong Cao,Yaqi Lan
Emulsion gels with unique structure and mechanical properties have great potential in 3D food printing applications. In this study, the rheological properties and 3D printing characteristics of Camellia seed protein (CSP) emulsion gels were investigated by incorporating three different polysaccharides: anionic xanthan gum (XG), highly branched neutral guar gum (GG), and lowly branched neutral locust bean gum (LBG). The influence of the polysaccharide type on the printability, rheological properties, microstructure, and water distribution properties of inks were analyzed. Results indicated that CSP-XG ink exhibited superior dimensional accuracy, excellent self-supporting capability, and a smooth surface with minimal flaws. While CSP-GG ink presented a rougher surface texture and structural collapse. Rheological analysis demonstrated that the addition of polysaccharides significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the paste, with CSP-XG ink exhibiting the highest gel strength of 656.8 Pa, compared to CSP emulsion gel (491.2 Pa), providing the highest hardness in the 3D printed products. Microstructure observations and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis suggested that the interactions between CSP and XG were stronger than those between CSP and GG or LBG. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) results revealed that XG reduced water mobility and enhanced gel density. While GG primarily relied on its high viscosity to limit water mobility. The presence of LBG enhanced the water-holding capacity due to its long chain structure. This study highlighted the potential for further development of CSP emulsion gels as 3D printing inks, offering new insights into optimizing food ink formulations for improved stability and performance.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2016
·
IF 3.698
Shengcun Ma,Xiaoqi Guo,Baiyang Chen
Chloral hydrate (CH) is a disinfection byproduct commonly found in disinfected water, and once formed, CH may undergo several transformation processes in water distribution system . In order to understand its fate and occurrence in water, this study examined several factors that may affect the stability of CH in water, including pH, temperature, initial CH concentration, typical anions, and the presence of free chlorine and monochloramine. The results indicated that CH was a relatively stable compound (half-life ∼7 d for 20 μg/L) in ambient pH (7) and temperature (20 °C) conditions. However, the hydrolysis rate can be greatly facilitated by increasing pH (from 7 to 12) and temperature (from 20 to 60 °C) or decreasing initial CH concentration (from 10 mg/L to 20 μg/L). To quantify the influences of these factors on the CH hydrolysis rate constant (k, 1/h), which spans five orders of magnitude, this study developed a multivariate model that predicts literature and this study’s data well (R 2 = 0.90). In contrast, the presence of chloride, nitrate, monochloramine, and free chlorine exhibited no significant impacts on the degradation of CH, while the CH loss in non-buffered waters spiked with sodium hypochlorite was driven by alkaline hydrolysis. In terms of reaction products, CH hydrolysis yielded mostly chloroform and formic acid and a few chloride, which confirmed decarburization as a dominant pathway and dehalogenation as a noticeable coexisting reaction.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Qipeng Ma,Weiyao Zhu,Zhiyong Song,Jie Zhang,Bingbing Li,Wengang Bu,Bin Pan
Interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability are two key parameters determining pore-scale oil/water distributions and reservoir-scale hydrocarbon production performances. However, how ionic liquid (IL, a green, stable, and efficient chemical) will manipulate IFT and wettability for EOR in sandstone reservoirs has not been sufficiently investigated yet, and the underlying mechanisms at the micro-level are still unknown. In this study, the influences of two typical ILs at various concentrations (i.e., 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 5 mmol/L) on oil–water IFT and alpha-quartz (α-quartz) wettability were investigated. This study shows that low concentrations of ILs can greatly reduce alkane-water IFT, and gemini IL has higher interfacial activity than mono-cationic IL, which is due to the fact that gemini IL with longer alkyl chains is more likely to form conglomerates at lower concentrations. Both the advancing and receding contact angles increase continuously with concentration in ILs solution, which can be given responsibility for the decrease in IFT and the solid–liquid interaction resulting in an increased capacity of alkane droplets to migrate on the α-quartz surface. Additionally, the molecular dynamic simulations examined the micro-wetting process and interaction energy of the IL-alkane-quartz system, and revealed that ILs can effectively reduce interaction energy between octane droplets and α-quartz surface. These insights have promising applications to enhanced oil recovery and oil contamination removal at subsurface.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
化学工程
·
分子动力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 10.8
Feilong Dong,Jiani Zhu,Jinxiu Lou,Zefang Chen,Zhiqiao He,Shuang Song,Lizhong Zhu,John C. Crittenden
Investigating the fate of persistent organic pollutants in water distribution systems (WDSs) is of great significance for preventing human health risks. The role of iron corrosion scales in the migration and transformation of organics in such systems remains unclear. Herein, we determined that hydroxyl (•OH), chlorine, and chlorine oxide radicals are generated by Fenton-like reactions due to the coexistence of oxygen vacancy-related Fe(II) on goethite (a major constituent of iron corrosion scales) and hypochlorous acid (HClO, the main reactive chlorine species of residual chlorine at pH ∼ 7.0). •OH contributed mostly to the decomposition of atrazine (ATZ, model compound) more than other radicals, producing a series of relatively low-toxicity small molecular intermediates. A simplified kinetic model consisting of mass transfer of ATZ and HClO, •OH generation, and ATZ oxidation by •OH on the goethite surface was developed to simulate iron corrosion scale-triggered residual chlorine oxidation of organic compounds in a WDS. The model was validated by comparing the fitting results to the experimental data. Moreover, the model was comprehensively applicable to cases in which various inorganic ions (Ca2+, Na+, HCO3–, and SO42–) and natural organic matter were present. With further optimization, the model may be employed to predict the migration and accumulation of persistent organic pollutants under real environmental conditions in the WDSs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Xu Ruotong,Xing Jiayi,Chen Ruisi,Tang Yulin,Zhang Yongji
This study investigated the effects of tetracycline (TC) and sulfadiazine (SD), along with their degradation products, on biofilm chlorine resistance. The results showed that low concentrations of antibiotics and their degradation products promoted biofilm formation on tube surfaces and increased resistance to chlorine. There was a positive correlation between antibiotic levels, degradation products, and biofilm chlorine resistance within a specific concentration range. SD had a more significant impact on biofilm chlorine resistance compared to TC. The presence of both antibiotics and their degradation products in water led to an increase in biofilm chlorine resistance, especially when combined with 0.3 mg/L sodium hypochlorite. The study shows a positive association between antibiotic and degradation product concentrations and the biofilms' improved chlorine resistance, a phenomenon that could have major consequences for water treatment efforts. Additionally, higher concentrations of antibiotics and their degradation products were associated with reduced biodiversity within the biofilm. Overall, the findings suggest that the presence of antibiotics and their degradation products can influence biofilm formation, alter bacterial species composition, and enhance biofilm resistance to chlorine in drinking water distribution systems. This fresh perspective on the relationship between pharmaceutical residues and microbial communities in water systems could transform our approach to assuring water safety and combatting antimicrobial resistance.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
环境科学
·
水处理工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2023
·
IF 5.3
Di Wang,Ying Zhang,Yijing Luo,Zhiyong Zhang,Zhongzhi Zhang
The application of nanofluid in enhancing oil recovery (EOR) is eliciting considerable interest from researchers. The present study investigates the impact of a novel environmentally friendly nanofluid, composed of rhamnolipid and SiO2 nanoparticles, on oil-water distributions in micro/nano pore spaces, suggesting the potential in EOR from low-permeability reservoirs. We conduct comprehensive experiments, including contact angle measurement, micromodel tests, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) core displacement experiments, to research the synergistic effects of biosurfactant and SiO2 nanoparticles on oil-water distribution changes. Firstly, the contact angle of a liquid droplet on rock surfaces provides a quantitative characterization of water phase spreading on pore walls. The results indicate that the nanofluid injection is advantageous in enhancing the swept volume of the water phase. Secondly, the visualization of fluid mobilization and migration in micro/nano pores is demonstrated by micromodel test. Residual oil is mobilized from stagnant zones with nanofluid injection, and subsequently recovered by waterflooding. Moreover, the micromodel observations exhibit that the nanofluid can disperse the trapped oil into small oil droplets and displace them. Finally, the NMR core displacement experiments clarify the main EOR mechanisms in microporous spaces using nanofluid. As compared to brine and rhamnolipid solution, nanofluid is more likely to motivate trapped oil, thereby increasing the swept volume of the injection fluids. Besides, the distribution changes of residual oil are also influenced by the reservoir’s permeability. As the permeability of experimental cores decreases from 48.5 mD to 0.1 mD, the swept volume of nanofluid gradually expands from larger to smaller pores (from >1000 nm to 1–10 nm). The nanofluid decreases the residual oil saturation of three cores by 3.97%, 4.97%, and −1.65%, respectively, compared to the rhamnolipid-only solution. The increase in residual oil saturation observed in the core sample with 0.1 mD suggests that the re-aggregate of activated oil induces changes in oil-water distribution.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Feilong Dong,Zhen Pang,Jianquan Yu,Jing Deng,Xueyan Li,Xiaoyan Ma,Andrea M. Dietrich,Yang Deng
Distributions of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in a two-source water distribution system (WDS) with enhanced chlorination were investigated. The WDS was divided into different sub-service areas based on different electrical conductivity of two water sources. Results clearly show that the principal halogenated DBPs were trihalomethanes (THMs) (5.06–82.69 μg/L), varying within the concentration range as 2–5 times as the levels of haloacetic acids (HAAs) (1.41–61.48 μg/L) and haloacetonitriles (HANs) (0.21–15.13 μg/L). Different water sources, treatment trains, and enhanced chlorination within the WDS had significant effects on seasonal and spatial variations of the DBP distributions over water conveyance. THM and HAA formation followed the sequence of summer > autumn > winter > spring. On the other hand, the DBP spatial distributions were visualized using the ArcGIS enabled Inverse distance weighting technique. The superposition of different DBP spatial distributions allowed for the identification of the high-risk THMs and HAAs areas based on the average values of THMs (27.49 μg/L) and HAAs (14.06 μg/L). Beyond the comprehensive analyses of DBP distribution in a municipal WDS , the project proposed and validated an innovative methodology to locate the DBP high-risk areas and to reveal the effects of different factors on DBPs distribution in a two-source WDS.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2025
·
IF 7.9
Yunfei Yang,Yunqi Li,Zhengjian Li,Xueling Yan,Haining Wang,Jin Zhang,Hanfei Xie,Shanfu Lu,Yan Xiang
In bipolar membrane fuel cells (BPMFCs), water is an essential reactant to drive cathode half-cell reaction, making the optimization of water distribution in the cathode critical for enhancing overall performance. One promising strategy is to refine the junction interface architecture. Our research presents an innovative modification to the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) interface microstructure, which reduces the distance for water transport to the cathode catalyst layer and maximizes the interfacial contact area. The increased interfacial contact area, with a normalized interfacial area (NIA) ranging from 1.00 to 1.65, correlates with a decrease in charge transfer impedance and a corresponding rise in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and peak power density. Significantly, the water distribution ratio at the cathode rose from 33.3 % in the unmodified BPMFC to 69.6 % with an NIA of 1.65. Consequently, the BPMFC with an NIA of 1.65 for the PEM|AEM interface achieved a peak power density of 1.037 W cm −2 , about 80 % higher than that of the unmodified interface. These results establish a link between the PEM|AEM interface structure, water distribution, and the fuel cell output performance, highlighting the importance of interface architecture in boosting BPMFCs’ efficiency.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Qiuyan Ding,Zhengkun Hou,Xueli Geng,Guiyu Gao,Wenwei Dong,Hong Li,Yaohong Wang,Xibo Chen,Xin Gao
The new energy battery is currently a hot research topic, leading to an increase in the demand for malonic acid (MA) as a raw material. The objective of the present work is to find a potential reactive distillation (RD) process to solve the problem of low conversion and high energy consumption in hydrolytic system. In the meantime, the RD technology still faces the problem of how to distribute water in the RD column. Aiming at the problem, four different RD processes are proposed: RD combined water separation process (RDWS), RD combined with MA concentration process (RDMC), RD combined methanol separation process (RDMS), and single RD process (SRD). Beforehand, reaction kinetic of dimethyl malonate (DM) hydrolysis was investigated using the ion exchange resin catalysts, and the developed RD model was verified via pilot-scale RD experiments. Finally, the proposed RD process is analyzed from the aspects of economic and environmental and compared with the traditional reaction + distillation (R + D) process. Consequently, the proposed SRD process is a better economy-saving and environment-friendly technology, and has certain directive significance for the industrial production of MA.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Rong Zheng,Nan Jiang,Baojun Wang,Chengyi Hou,Qinghong Zhang,Hongzhi Wang,Yaogang Li,Kerui Li
Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, the trade-offs between hydrogel and ionogel electrolytes, such as restricted electrochemical windows in hydrogels and sluggish ion migration in ionogels, pose significant challenges to achieving stable and efficient ZIB performance. In this study, an innovative ionogel electrolyte with a gradient water distribution (GW-IGE) was developed by modulating the hydrophilic and hydrophobic composition. This design optimally balances hydration levels to enhance ionic transport and suppress dendrite formation. The resulting GW-IGE achieves a high ionic conductivity of 5.04 mS cm −1 , an extended electrochemical cycling life of over 7000 h, and an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.4 %. Furthermore, the Zn||PANI full cell demonstrates excellent capacity retention of 90 %. This work highlights the effectiveness of gradient water regulation in ionogel electrolytes, providing a new pathway for the advancement of high-performance ZIBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
·
2019
·
IF 2.786
Ke Wang,Jie Yu,Dibo Hou,Hang Yin,Qiaojun Yu,Pingjie Huang,Guangxin Zhang
The detection of contamination events in water distribution systems remains a major concern to public health. However, much of the contaminant detection methods are supervised learning which cannot adapt to the complex environment in practical applications. In this work, a contaminant detection method using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy technique was developed to achieve a goal of real-time detection on online acquisition of absorbance spectra. This method combined the advantages of probability distribution, message-passing algorithm and Bayesian theory. Message-passing algorithm was used to achieve a goal of online detection on noisy UV–Vis spectra signals. The proposed Bayesian algorithm organized the message passing schedule and helped to extract sequential patterns for event classification, which can avoid extreme conclusions. In addition, parameters were set up based on reasonable prior, by which the detection model was dynamically updated. Pilot scale experiment was conducted for long-term online monitoring of the water distribution system. And the experiment results showed improved performances in its ability to detect contamination events with higher probabilities , compared to previous studies.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
·
数据科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）