Jiashuai Yan,Ye Li,Haorui Li,Yuzhi Zhou,Huafeng Xiao,Bolin Li,Xiao Ma
In this study, Zeolite X was prepared by hydrothermal method , and the amidoxime group was loaded on the zeolite X to prepare amidoxime-modified zeolite X. The effective removal of ruthenium by amidoxime-modified zeolite X in simulated wastewater was investigated. The raw and modified zeolite X were characterized systematically using the BET method, the SEM, the FTIR, the XRD and the XPS to understand the physicochemical changes of the materials, and its sensitivity to Ru 3+ adsorption. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, contact time, solution pH, different initial Ru 3+ concentrations, temperature and the effect of competitive ions on Ru 3+ adsorption. The modified zeolite X exhibited fast removal performance reaching equilibrium within 30 min at the pH of 3, and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 175.4 mg/g. The XRD patterns demonstrated that the modified adsorbent still has the characteristic peak of zeolite NaX, and from the SEM, it can be seen that the modified adsorbent shown the same regular octahedral crystal structure as the zeolite X. In addition, the characterization result of FTIR and XPS indicated the amidoxime group was successfully loaded onto zeolite X. Kinetic parameters were fitted by the pseudo-second order model (R 2 = 0.9999), and the adsorption process by the modified zeolite X was chemical adsorption. The adsorption isotherms data of modified zeolite X were well-fitted to the Langmuir (R 2 = 0.9834).In the competitive ions effect, the modified zeolite X effectively captured the Ru 3+ ion in the presence of Na + and K + . Therefore, the amidoxime-modified zeolite X could be effectively used as a potential adsorbent for Ru 3+ adsorption from wastewater.
Zeolite X is a potential electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption material owning to its advantages of good dielectric properties, light weight and large specific surface area. Herein, high-purity zeolite X was prepared from fly ash using a green synthesis approach, in which only trace water was used and achieved zero discharge of waste water. Physiochemical properties of fabricated zeolite X were comprehensively evaluated through XRD, PSD, SEM, TG-DSC and BET test. XRD pattern shows the successful preparation of zeolite X with good crystallinity and high purity, and the average particle size is ~ 2.45 μm, which conforms to Gaussian distributions. The fabricated zeolite X exhibits typical octahedral structure and good thermal stability. It is noteworthy that the specific surface area is up to 473.56 m 2 /g, representing porous structure, which is beneficial to EMW attenuation. What’s more, the abundant crystal water and adsorbed water existing in the sample is conductive to dipole polarization, which further consume EMW energy. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of the synthesized zeolite X is 2.08 GHz (13.36–15.44 GHz) at the thickness of 2.5 mm. This study provides an eco-friendly approach to change waste into valuables, and moreover the synthesized zeolite X is a potential EMW absorbing material.
Binderless zeolite X pellets were “one-pot”-synthesized via in situ hydrothermal conversion of silica gel precursors in sodium aluminate solution. The conversion and crystallization kinetics were investigated as a function of synthesis time with a spectrum of techniques. It is found that four-membered rings (4R) and six-membered rings (6R) are formed by linking diffused Al species with dissolved Si species during the aging period, whereas the zeolite X frameworks are constructed via reorganization of β cages with double six-membered rings (D6R) in a crystallization process. Furthermore, the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to elucidate 1-hexene adsorption on zeolite X with ion species and exchange degree variation. Specifically, the adsorption capacity and guest–host interaction energy were evaluated. Incorporation of Mg2+ and Ca2+ enables a higher adsorption capacity, whereas introduction of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ boosts adsorption capacity and enhances interaction energy.
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