Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·374
·
IF 5.2
Shengyue Zhong,Bin Huang,Teng Wei,Zeyuan Deng,Jing Li,Qiang Wen
Red-flowered oil-tea camellia (ROC) is an important woody oil species growing in the south, and its oil has high nutritional value. There are four main species ofROCin China, namely,Camellia chekiangoleosa(CCH),Camellia polyodonta(CPO),Camellia semiserrata(CSE) andCamellia reticulata(CRE). Reports on the comprehensive comparative analysis ofROCare limited. This study investigated the fruit characteristics and nutritional components of fourROCfruits, and the results showed thatROChad high oil content with levels of 39.13%–58.84%, especially theCCHfruit, which reached 53.6–58.84%. The contents of lipid concomitants ofROCoil were also substantial, including β-amyrin (0.87 mg/g–1.41 mg/g), squalene (0.43 mg/g–0.69 mg/g), β-sitosterin (0.47 mg/g–0.63 mg/g) and α-tocopherol (177.52 μg/g–352.27 μg/g). Moreover, the transverse diameter(TD)/longitudinal diameter (LD) of fruits showed a significant positive correlation with the oil content, andROCfruits with thinner peels seemed to have better oil quality, which is similar to the result of the oil quality evaluation obtained by the gray correlation coefficient evaluation method. FourROCoils were evaluated using the gray correlation coefficient method based on 11 indicators related to the nutritional value ofROC.CCHoil had the highest score of 0.8365, and YS-2 (a clone ofCCH) was further evaluated as the bestCCHoil. Finally, the results of heatmap analysis showed that triglycerides could be used as a characteristic substance to distinguishCCHoil from the other threeROCoils. The PLSDA (Partial least squares regression analysis) model and VIP (Variable important in projection) values further showed that P/S/O, P/O/O, P/L/L, P/L/Ln, S/S/O, S/O/O and P/S/S (these all represent abbreviations for fatty acids) could be used as characteristic differential triglycerides among the fourROCoils. This study provides a convenient way for planters to assess the nutritional quality of seed oil depending on fruit morphology and a potential way to distinguish between variousROCoils.Keywords:red-flowered oil-tea camellia;Camellia chekiangoleosaoil;correlation analysis;gray correlation coefficient;triglycerides
研究领域:
植物学
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营养学
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化学分析
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
·
2018
·Vol. 365
·期 7
·
IF 1.735
Qian Bingjun,Yin Lirong,Yao Xiaomin,Zhong Yaoguang,Gui Juan,Lu Feifeng,Zhang Fuming,Zhang Jianhua
The saponins, as components of tea seed meal, are undesirable hemolytic components and should be degraded for reducing their hemolytic activity in order to be used in animal feed. In this study, β-glucuronidase was verified to be a potent hydrolase of tea seed saponins to reduce their hemolytic activity and a β-glucuronidase-producing Lactobacillus crustorum strain was screened from raw bovine milk. Next, solid-state fermentation with the isolated L. crustorum and a Bacillus subtilis natto strain, which can produce cellulase and hence improve the fermentation performance of tea seed meal, was carried out for detoxification of tea seed meal. The 50% hemolytic dosage (HD50) value of tea seed saponins was increased from 6.69 to 27.43 μg mL−1. The results of LC–MS analysis showed that the percentage of saponin aglycones increased from 30.95 to 84.25% after the fermentation. According to the roles of sugar moieties in hemolytic activity, and the enzymatic hydrolysis characteristics of β-glucuronidase, the degradation of tea seed saponins from glucosides to aglycones may contribute to the reduction of hemolytic activity. Therefore, tea seed meal may be used as animal feed after fermentation with the tested saponin-degrading microbial strains.
研究领域:
微生物学
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动物营养学
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DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
·
IF 5.6
Xingmei Tang,Wenhua Gao,Sheng Duan,Jun Xu,Bin Wang,Jinsong Zeng
Activated carbon is a porous material extensively utilized in water treatment field . In this study, an efficient activated carbon (E-AC) adsorbent was prepared from agricultural by-product Camellia oleifera shells (COS) by enzymatic pretreatment combined with phosphoric acid activation. The enzymatic pretreatment was beneficial for increasing the volume of mesopores and loosening the structure of the synthesized activated carbon, which ultimately led to an increased adsorption capacity of E-AC. The characteristics and adsorption performances of E-AC were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that E-AC exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 1249.01 mg/g on methylene blue (MB), and the adsorption process was a spontaneous endothermic process. The adsorption kinetics aligned closely with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R 2 > 0.99), and the adsorption mechanisms could be a combination of hydrogen bonding, π-π conjugation, electrostatic attraction, and physical adsorption. Additionally, E-AC exhibited good reusability, with a consistent MB removal rate of 91.14 % even after five cycles. This study offered an approach for obtaining high-quality activated carbon from COS and contributed to sustainable development strategies.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS
·
2013
·Vol. 17
·期 5
·919-928
·
IF 1.515
He Jun,Wu Zi-ying,Zhang Shuo,Zhou Yang,Zhao Feng,Peng Zhi-qin,Hu Zhi-wen
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was utilized to extract tea saponin from oil-tea camellia seed cake. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency were studied, including the effects of microwave power, irradiation duration, temperature, ratio of solvent to material and aqueous ethanol concentration. By systematic orthogonal experiments, the optimal extraction technology was determined. Compared with a conventional extraction method, MAE shows great advantages with the extraction time reduced from 6 h to 4 min, 50 % organic solvent saved and about 14 % extraction yield enhanced. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy testing and high performance liquid chromatography analysis proved that the extracted resultants were tea saponin with similar compounds as a standard tea saponin. The extracted tea saponin was applied on the cleaning of historic silks and showed good removal effect on the stains. This work provides useful information for fully use of oil-tea camellia seed cake and new applications of tea saponin at the protection of historic textiles.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
文物保护
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DOI
高影响因子
Current Research in Food Science
·
2023
·
IF 6.3
Ningxiang Yu,Yijue Wang,Shengxin Shao,Jie Li,Mengren Li,Lizhong Zhu,Qin Ye,Weiwei Huan,Xianghe Meng
To explore the effect and its mechanism of alkali-assisted phosphorylation on the functional properties of Camellia Oleifera seeds cake glutelin (CSCG), CSCG was treated with different concentration of sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5%, w/v) in different pH environment (3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, and 11.0). The results showed that alkali assist improved the phosphorylation degree of CSCG, and the optimum pH value is 9.0. FT-IR and XPS confirmed the successful modification of phosphate groups on CSCG through covalent interaction. Alkali-assisted phosphorylation decreased the particle size and increased electronegativity of CSCG, as well as changed in its surface hydrophobicity, crystallinity, and intrinsic fluorescence. All these changes of protein structure triggered by alkali-assisted phosphorylation led to the improvement of water solubility, water/oil absorption capacity, emulsifying ability, foamability, and in vitro digestibility of CSCG. This work could provide a theoretical basis for industrial production of CSCG with excellent functional properties.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Chemistry-X
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Yingyi Lin,Yong Wang,Ying Li
Camellia oleifera Abel. is an important woody oilseed tree to help increase the self-sufficiency rate. In this study, lipid extraction focuses more on the solvent extraction of Camellia seed oil (CO) cakes rather than conventional cold pressing, where the performance of candidate alternative green solvents selected from hurdle technology was first evaluated. Compared to n-hexane (89.50 ± 0.00 %) and subcritical n-butane (83.75 ± 0.43 %), 2-methyloxolane (2-MeOx) performed the best with the comprehensive consideration of extraction ratio (94.79 ± 0.00 %), lipid composition and environmental impact (0.38 ± 0.07 kg of CO 2 emission). Intriguingly, 2-MeOx exhibited the highest diffusion rate at both 25 °C and 55 °C in the extraction kinetic study, which could also extract the highest total phenolic contents (351.6 ± 0.02 mg GAE/kg dw) corresponding to its best oxidative stability. Besides, Hansen solubility modeling could help better understand the dissolving mechanism. 2-MeOx was demonstrated as the optimal alternative bio-based solvent to n-hexane with comparable extractability and selectivity in the CO extraction.
研究领域:
食品科学
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环境科学
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植物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
Qingbo Kong,Tao Chen,Heng Wang,Shiheng Zheng,Haizhou Wang,Heng Liang,Lijun Zhou,Hongyu Yang,Xiaoyu Jiang,Chunbang Ding,Shiling Feng
Camellia oleifera Abel . is a unique and important edible oil crop in China. The quality and high yield of C. oleifera are closely related to cultivation, management and back-end processing and storage. However, studies on the growth and development, drying treatment and back-end storage of C. oleifera are not comprehensive enough. Therefore, the phenotypic characteristics of C.oleifera fruits during growth and ripening were studied and the effects of four different drying methods including room temperature drying (SW), hot air drying (RF, 65 °C), vacuum drying (ZG, 50 °C, 0.6 Mpa) and freeze drying (LD) on the oil content of C.oleifera seeds (COS) were discussed. At the same time, the changes of the main components and nutrients of C.oleifera kernel oil (COKO) under room temperature storage (SG) and 4 °C frozen storage (LC) were also investigated. The results of the study showed that C. oleifera cultivar ‘Changlin40’ exhibited an S-shaped curve in fruit growth and development. In addition, the oil content initially increased and then remained stable, and the soluble protein and starch contents increased with increasing fruit maturity, but the soluble sugar content increased rapidly at the early stage of fruit development and gradually decreased at the later stage. The maximum content of squalene in the oil obtained by vacuum drying was 80.578 μg/g. The oil content of COS treated by RF was 55.31%, significantly higher than the other treatments. In addition, it was also found that with increasing duration of SG, the acid and peroxide values of COKO increased significantly and the nutrients such as tocopherol, squalene and sterol decreased significantly, which was exactly the opposite of LC, indicating that LC could reduce the loss of nutrients during storage. This study can provide a theoretical basis for field management, screening of drying methods and subsequent storage of C. oleifera .
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
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农业科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2024
·
IF 6
Xiaoqin Wang,María del Mar Contreras,Enhua Fang,Dunming Xu,Chen Xing,Qinghua Jiang
Tea saponins are widely known as natural surfactants while little attention has been paid to their presence in camellia seed oil. This work aimed to investigate tea saponins and their antioxidant dynamics in camellia seed oil comparing with polyphenols. First, 21 saponins belonging to five sapogenin types were characterized in camellia seed oil with UHPLC-QTOF-MS technology and camelliagenin B type accounted for above 60% of the total content. Next, the glycerides, saponins and polyphenols in the four oil samples were analyzed with mass spectrometry-based platform during 24 h accelerated oxidation after the extracts of tea saponins were added to refined camellia seed oil (RCSO) and blank camellia seed oil (BCSO), respectively. The compositional comparison showed that tea saponins slowed degradation of triglycerides with higher efficiency than both free and bound polyphenols through total decomposition during 4 h oxidation. Further, the oxidative stability of diglycerides showed that curves of RCSO and BCSO overlapped while the saponins added improved the oil samples almost uniformly, which could be related to their surficial activity resulting in a closer space proximity at the interface of “association colloids”. Overall, this study explored a novel antioxidant pathway with natural surfactants in bulk oil.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Ruxia Ning,Xichuang Cheng,Fenglun Zhang,Diansong Chen,Weixin Li,Leping Zhang,Liwei Zhu,Jianxin Jiang
Camellia oleifera Able fruit shell (COS) is a valuable lignocellulosic waste resource. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variability in properties of COS saponins during the late growth stage and their potential as agents for foam cleaning. We tested the physical parameters of camellia fruits collected from five maturity stages, analyzed the chemical components of COS, as well as extracted saponins to evaluate their structure, surface tension, foaming property, wettability , and cleaning power. The findings revealed a gradual decrease followed by an increase in saponin content as maturity progressed. Notably, COS saponin exhibited the lowest surface tension (33.10 mN/m) and superior wettability (32.87°) 4 weeks before ripening. The foaming capacity of COS saponins reaches up to 163% with a stability exceeding 95%. Moreover, the detergency of COS saponins is comparable to that of commercial detergents. This study contributes to the adequate utilization of camellia shell saponin, and gives implications for its applications as environmentally foam cleaning agents.
研究领域:
农业科学
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化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xiaoyan Shen,Liang Chen,An Liu,Hui Qi,Dongning Wei,Ming Deng,Yiji Zhou,Keqin Wang,Xiaofen Wu
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) have demonstrated extensive benefits for health promotion and are widely used in food, medicine, and chemical industries. While lignocellulosic biomass is a common source, the potential of Camellia oleifera shells (COS) as a raw material for XOS production remains underexplored. The study explored the effects of irradiation doses, hydrothermal temperatures, reaction times, and solid-liquid ratios on the preparation of XOS from COS via a novel method involving electron-beam irradiation and hydrothermal treatment. Optimal conditions (200 kGy, 180 °C, 30 min, 1:10 ratio of solid loading) resulted in the XOS yield of 70.35 %, with X 2–4 (XOS of DP 2–4) comprising 23.37 % and a xylose/XOS ratio of 0.21. Meanwhile, minimal by-products were detected, including 0.83 g/L acetic acid and less than 0.50 g/L of formic acid, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). Furthermore, xylanase digestion optimization yielded an X 2–4 concentration of 11.78 g/L and a X 2–4 /XOS ratio of 84.93 %. This approach offers a promising and eco-friendly route for XOS production from COS, with implications for valorizing agricultural waste and advancing sustainable biorefinery practices.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物技术
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辐射加工
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绿色化学
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农业废弃物利用
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生物炼制
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Zhang Dunhe,Peng Xiaowei,Chen Huijing,Tan Chuanbo,Wang Zhirong,Kan Jianquan
This study evaluated the effects of five extraction methods (fresh pressing, cold pressing, hot pressing, solvent extraction, and aqueous extraction) on the quality of Idesia polycarpa oil (IPO). The results revealed that the solvent–extracted oil (SEO) exhibited the highest efficiency. However, the fresh–pressed oil (FPO) exhibited outstanding quality characteristics. Specifically, the acid value and peroxide value of FPO were the lowest, and the retention rate of beneficial trace components such as α –tocopherol, squalene, β –sitosterol, stigmasterol, and carotenoids were rather prominent. It is worth noting that the five IPOs were similar in fatty acid composition and content (all rich in unsaturated fatty acids mainly composed of linoleic acid). Through analysis of volatile components and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares–Discriminant, 14 key biomarkers were identified. There were significant differences in the antioxidant capacity of five IPOs, and the aqueous–extracted oil (AEO) stands out the most, indicating that AEO is more effective at resisting radicals produced during oxidation. In conclusion, this study offers valuable data references for selecting extraction processes rationally in the oil industry. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
食品科学
·
天然产物化学
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油脂工程
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分析化学
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功能食品
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Junhong Wang,Dongming Lan,Junping Zhuang,Yonghua Wang
Fruit shell biomass is an agricultural waste that could be valorised into various value-added chemicals. However, the intertwined structure between lignin and holocellulose limits free sugar generation for further fermentation, requiring efficient pretreatment for selective delignification. We pretreated Camellia oleifera shell by ethanolamine-based solvents (binary deep eutectic solvents and single ethanolamine or its derivatives), and compared pretreatment effectiveness of these solvents. Single ethanolamine was the best among ethanolamine-based solvents, indicating the unnecessity of deep eutectic solvent synthesis. Furthermore, structural characterization confirms that ethanolamine could effectively deconstruct Camellia oleifera shell with the highest delignification (76.46%) and sugar yields (83.73% for glucose and 66.87% for xylose) at 130 °C for 3 h. Additionally, correlation analysis suggests that alkalinity and proton dissociation capacity together determined the delignification capacity of ethanolamine. Our findings serve a potential solution to valorise the waste fruit shell lignocellulose resources.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
化学工程
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）