FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Li Wang,Jixiang Guo,Yu Zhou,Xiaojun Zhang,Chenhao Gao,Ruiying Xiong,Hanxuan Song,Xiangwei Chen,Junjie Luo
Current oil shale extraction technologies face significant challenges, including high heating costs, slow pyrolysis reaction rates, and low efficiency, which hinder effective resource exploitation. To address these issues, this study synthesized three types of metal-doped carbon quantum dot (M/CQD) catalysts—Co/CQDs, Ni/CQDs, and Mn/CQDs—and tested their effects on the pyrolysis of oil shale. The introduction of these catalysts resulted in a notable enhancement of the pyrolysis process, reducing the required activation energy by approximately 40 % and lowering the initiation temperatures for Co/CQDs, Ni/CQDs, and Mn/CQDs by 64 °C, 62 °C, and 94 °C, respectively. Consequently, the yield of shale oil increased significantly by 23.1 %, 13.3 %, and 19.8 % for each catalyst. Kinetic and product analyses indicate that these catalysts facilitate electron transfer from organic molecules, promoting the formation of free radicals and the cleavage of C–C bonds. This enhancement leads to an increased production of short-chain hydrocarbons and a reduction in oxygenates and esters, thereby improving the quality of the shale oil. Further insights from Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the catalysts enhance pyrolysis by promoting the formation of carbocations and synergizing with radicals released from the shale, intensifying the pyrolysis process. This study not only elucidates the catalytic mechanisms that enhance oil shale pyrolysis but also offers a promising approach to overcome technological challenges in shale resource recovery, such as high heating costs and low efficiency, paving the way for more efficient and cleaner shale oil production.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2020
·
IF 5.578
Haifeng Jiang,Wenpeng Hong,Yu Zhang,Sunhua Deng,Jie Chen,Chen Yang,Haoshu Ding
In this work, the effects of the coupling between montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O on pyrolysis behavior, products distribution and characteristics of liquid fuel were investigated by the combination of pyrolysis experiment and kinetic analysis. The mass fraction of the MMT in oil shale was 3–9%, and the mass fraction of CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O was 10–25%. The results showed that the coupling effect promoted the formation of shale oil. The maximum yield of shale oil (17.75 wt%) was obtained at 20CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O5MMT. Catalytic pyrolysis behavior and kinetic analysis indicated that the presence of CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O and montmorillonite led to the prominent advance of kerogen decomposition temperature and the decrease of apparent activation energy. Significantly, the addition of the 20CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O5MMT led that the average apparent activation energy was decreased by about 122.42 kJ/mol compared to the catalyst-free pyrolysis. The strong cracking ability produced by their coupling effect was considered to be the main reason. Montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O enhanced the decarboxylation and free-radical reaction, resulting in a decrease of acids yield and an increase of aliphatic hydrocarbons yield. The relative content of aliphatic hydrocarbons increased from 41.55% to 51.27%. These results demonstrated that the combined use of montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O was beneficial to the generation of saturated hydrocarbon production.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Applied Sciences-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 8
·4225
·
IF 2.5
Shaotao Xu,Liang Xu,Senhao Wang,Hanxi Wang,Sunhua Deng,Han Wang
In order to explore the potential catalysts for kerogen pyrolysis and to clear away obstacles to product liberation in product recovery, the facilitation effects of acidic chlorinated salts (MnCl2·4H2O, AlCl3·6H2O, CrCl3·6H2O, and MoCl5) on pyrolysis behavior of Huadian oil shale (OS) were investigated. Two different ways of wet mixing and dry mixing were used, and indoor pyrolysis experiments were carried out to characterize the different products collected by multiple analyses. The acidic chloride solution could effectively remove large amounts of calcite from OS during wet mixing, whereas the calcite in the dry-mixed samples decomposed significantly during pyrolysis, releasing significant amounts of CO2. AlCl3could improve the pore space by removing carbonates, which can promote the pyrolysis of kerogen and increase oil yield. The improved pore space can also promote the conversion of kerogen and the release of hydrocarbon products, while the large amounts of CO2released during pyrolysis of dry-mixed samples can promote the migration of heavy fractions. This study emphasizes the great potential of acid chlorates in counteracting reservoir blockage and facilitating pyrolysis for OS in situ exploitation.
研究领域:
石油工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Qing Wang,Chengxu Sun,Da Cui,Jingru Bai,Chunlei Wu,Shuang Wu,Jinghui Zhang
Carbon-assisted catalytic hydroelectrolysis (CAWE) has been demonstrated to significantly reduce energy consumption and enhance the economic viability of hydrogen production. In this study, BP oil shale was employed as an additive in a sulfuric acid environment for catalytic water electrolysis experiments. The results indicate a pronounced increase in current when the voltage reaches 1.42 V. Analysis reveals that iron ions (Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ) play a dual role in facilitating charge transfer and mediating the redox cycle; however, their catalytic efficiency is constrained by the organo-mineral passivation layer that progressively forms on the surface of the oil shale. Utilizing a solid-liquid phase separation method, comparative analysis shows that the maximum current density of liquid-phase electrolysis reaches 8 mA, which is double that of solid-phase electrolysis. However, the current decays rapidly, and stability duration is reduced by 78 % compared to the solid-phase system. Gas chromatographic characterization of the anode products indicates a partial oxidation pathway involving intermediate hydrocarbons (CnHmXy), rather than corresponding gas formation. This study confirms that optimizing the iron regeneration pathway and inhibiting surface passivation are critical breakthroughs for promoting the engineering application of this technology. These findings provide basic insights into the catalytic hydroelectrolysis of oil shale for hydrogen production.
研究领域:
能源科学
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化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2020
·
IF 3.408
Zhikun Zhang,Yanli Wang,Jing Wang,Lina Liu,Wenjing An,Boxiong Shen
Oil shale ash is an inorganic by-product generated from the combustion and refinement of oil shale. In this study, it was used as main raw material to produce glass-ceramics. The crystalline phases, crystallization mechanism, bulk density, compressive strength and microstructure of glass-ceramics were studied. Specifically, the leaching characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in glass-ceramics were emphasized. The results showed that the increase of basicity reduced the crystallization activation energy , but the surface crystallization mechanism of different samples has not changed. Anorthite and diopside were identified as the main crystalline phases in glass-ceramics despite varying basicity and sintering temperatures . The compressive strength and bulk density increased with the increase of sintering temperature. The compressive strength of VS2 (basicity = 0.3) was higher than that of VS1 (basicity = 0.2) for the same sintering temperature due to more crystals and denser microstructure. Independent of the basicity, a higher sintering temperature promoted the sintering and densification of products. The highest compressive strengths of VS1 and VS2 were 219.14 ± 12.8 and 255.57 ± 15.6 MPa, respectively. In addition, the reliable stability and low potential ecological risk index of heavy metals in the final products make it to be a competitive eco-friendly construction material.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Energy & Environment
·
2022
·
IF 3.154
Fei Liu,Weiguang Shi,Tianbao Liu,Wei Li,Liang Sun,Xiangbin Liu,Changming Zhao,Benxian Li,Sunhua Deng,Zhaohui Dong,Chengwu Xu,Xiaofei Fu,Xiuling Yan
Oil shale kerogen is a kind of composite nature of fossil energy polymer. Kerogen pyrolysis is a feasible and alternative strategy to produce fossil fuels from shales. However, the disadvantages including the high energy consumption, the high cost, and the low hydrocarbon conversion, significantly hinder the development and utilization of unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Herein, the hexagonal crystal structural layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with the Ni/Fe ratio of 5.64:2.36 is proposed as pyrolysis catalyst to improve the catalytic efficiency, the selectivity of target hydrocarbons, and lower the temperature for the process of kerogen pyrolysis. As a result, needle-like nanoscale NiFe-LDHs are prepared successfully to perform the fast thermal upgrading of Balikun oil shale kerogen. The catalytic pyrolysis performance has been observed that the temperature for maximum conversion (Tmax) is 401.18 °C, presenting a Tmax reduction of 37.84 °C, the yield of shale oil is increased by 7.83 wt%. And during 350°C– 400°C, a progressive increment of 147.67%, 230.86%, and 310.61% is obtained corresponding to the content of C1-C5, C6-C14, and C14 + hydrocarbons, respectively. This finding enriches the catalyst candidates for kerogen pyrolysis and provides new insights into industrial applications of in-situ pyrolysis technology for oil shale recovery processes.
研究领域:
能源化学
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石油工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2018
·
IF 4.61
Meng-Ting Sun,Zhi-Man Yang,Xiao-Lei Fan,Fei Wang,Rong-Bo Guo,Dong-Yan Xu
Methane is a greenhouse gas with significant global warming potential. The methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) immobilized on biocarrier could perform effectively and environmentally in methane elimination. To further improve the efficiencies of MOB immobilization and methane elimination, the surface biocompatibility of biocarrier needs to be improved. In this work, the oil shale semicoke (SC) was chemically modified by sodium p-styrenesulfonate hydrate (SS) and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (DMC) to promote surface hydrophilicity and positive charge, respectively. Results revealed that, under methane concentrations of ~10% (v/v) and ~0.5% (v/v), the MOB immobilized on semicoke modified with 1.0 mol L −1 of SS permitted improved methane elimination capacities (ECs), which were 15.02% and 11.11% higher than that on SC, respectively. Additionally, under methane concentrations of ~10% (v/v) and ~0.5% (v/v), the MOB immobilized on semicoke modified with 0.4 mol L −1 of DMC held superior ECs, which were 17.88% and 11.29% higher than that on SC, respectively. The qPCR analysis indicated that the MOB abundance on modified semicoke were higher than that on SC. In consequence, the surface biocompatibility of semicoke could be promoted by SS and DMC modifications, which potentially provided methods for other biocarriers to improve surface biocompatibility.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2022
·
IF 4.654
Wei-Wei Yan,Xian-Yong Wei,Jun Li,Meng-Xiao Wang,Hong-Cun Bai,Zhi-Min Zong
Several liquid deep eutectic solvents (DESs) at room temperature were screened and used to extract phenols from an acetonitrile-extractable portion (ANEP) of the oil from oil shale pyrolysis. Among choline chloride (CC)/ethylene glycol (EG) with lowest viscosity and neutral oil entrainment (molar ratio = 1:3) was selected as an optimal DES for isolating phenols from ANEP. As a result, the CC/EG-extractable portion contains 56.7% of oxygen-containing aromatics, among which phenols account for 75.1% by magnetically stirring the isometric mass mixture of ANEP and the CC/EG at room temperature and 500 rpm for 0.5 h. Intermolecular interaction energy and type between different DESs and solutes were calculated by molecular dynamics simulation, independent gradient model analysis, energy decomposition analysis based on the force field, and electrostatic potential analysis to uncover the mechanism for the priority separation of phenols. The result shows that the DES that contains polar HBD with lower viscosity and carbon number and asymmetric HBA with shorter alkyl chains, e.g., CC/EG, could strongly interact with phenols by the strong hydrogen bond, X-H···π and/or cation/anion···π compared to other aromatics.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
计算化学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Carbon Resources Conversion
·
2019
·
IF 0
Qian Wang,Yucui Hou,Weize Wu,Yupeng Wang,Qing Liu,Shuhang Ren
The structural characteristics of oil shale are important to its application. In this work, a deep insight into the structural characteristics of Yilan oil shale kerogen (YLK) was studied using alkali-oxygen oxidation at different times and ruthenium ion catalyzed oxidation (RICO). The results indicate that YLK is gradually converted to humic acids (HAs), water-soluble acids (WSAs), carboxylic acids (CAs), CO 2 and H 2 O. 13 C NMR analyses of YLK, residues and HAs indicate that C–O bonds, especially C ar –O bonds of YLK, are easily cleaved. The condensed aromatic rings and long alkyl chains are difficult to be oxidized during the oxidation process. With increasing oxidation time, the molar fraction of aromatic bridgehead carbon ( X b ) of YLK and the residues increases from 0.174 to 0.201, and that of HAs increases from 0.225 to 0.267. The result indicates that the aromatic structures of YLK are composed of 1-ring aromatic clusters (26.5%), 2-ring aromatic clusters (67.1%) and 3 or more-ring aromatic clusters (6.4%). Also, the average methylene chain ( C n ) of YLK and the residues increases from 2.0 to 5.1, and that of HAs increases from 1.3 to 2.7, indicating that the alkyl chain length is not average but has a distribution. 2.5% methylene carbons exist as long n -alkyl chains in the alkyl side chains groups (SCGs) on the aromatic rings in YLK. The carbon number of SCGs ranges from 5 to 22, and C 15 and C 17 are predominant. 3.8% methylene carbons exist as alkyl bridges linkages (BLs) connecting aromatic rings in YLK. The carbon number of BLs connecting aromatic rings ranges from 6 to 19, and C 8 is predominant. Because of the existence of above long n -alkyl chains, 93.7% methylene carbons in YLK exist as alkyl chains with an average length of 1.84.
研究领域:
地质学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
Petroleum Science
·
2022
·
IF 4.757
Guo-Qing Xu,Xiu-Ping Lan,Si-Si Zhao,Kai-Yi Hu,Si-Meng Qi,Li-Dong Geng,Quan Xu,Yang Zhou
The in situ mining technology is applied to the exploitation of medium- and low-maturity shale oil, which can use heaters to warm up the oil shale formations and pyrolyze the kerogen. Due to the low thermal conductivity of oil shale, electric heaters need extra equipment to improve heat transfer efficiency. In this study, a thermally conductive proppant is fabricated by coating epoxy-resin and graphite on ceramic proppants for the first time, which could support the fracturing crack and transfer heat. The thermal conduction property of epoxy-resin and graphite coated proppants (EGPs) is 245% higher than that of uncoated proppants, which can transfer more heat to the oil shale formation and accelerate the conversion of kerogen. The adhesive property of EGPs is improved by 47.9% under the load force of 1500 nN, which prolongs the time for the fracture to close. In summary, this novel proppant is expected to assist in-situ mining technology in the production of medium and low-maturity shale oil.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Li Wang,Ji-Xiang Guo,Xiao-Jun Zhang,Chen-Hao Gao,Rui-Ying Xiong,Wyclif Kiyingi,Dan Luo
Oil shale is of increasing interest as it is considered an essential alternative to traditional energy sources due to its abundant reserves. In this research, nanoscale Co/MOF and Ni/MOF were prepared by modified methods, and the catalytic pyrolysis mechanism of oil shale was studied using structural characterization and pyrolysis experiments. The TG and DTG curves show that MOF catalysts increase the total weight loss rate of oil shale pyrolysis and decrease the temperature corresponding to the initial temperature, final temperature, and maximum weight loss rate of oil shale pyrolysis. Kinetic analysis shows that Co/MOF and Ni/MOF catalysts reduce the activation energy of oil shale pyrolysis reaction by 32 KJ/mol and 25 KJ/mol, respectively. The change in the yield and composition of the products before and after catalytic pyrolysis was compared through the dry distillation experiment. It was found that MOF had a good catalytic effect, and the shale oil output was significantly increased. The FT-IR and GC/MS analysis of the catalytic pyrolysis of shale oil shows that the addition of Co/MOF and Ni/MOF catalysts is conducive to the increase of aromatics, olefins , and alkanes and the decrease of oxygen-containing compounds. The effect of the catalysts on the nature of the products and on the yields suggests that the Lewis and Bronsted acid groups on the surfaces of the MOF catalysts and that these can induce positive charges on carbon atoms in alkanes, alkenes etc to promote pyrolysis generate more oil.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
催化材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of CO2 Utilization
·
2020
·
IF 5.993
Yang Meng,Yuxin Yan,Xinyun Wu,Nusrat Sharmin,Haitao Zhao,Edward Lester,Tao Wu,Cheng Heng Pang
In this work, meso-structured siliceous form materials (SFM) were synthesized from oil shale ash via a green and time-saving microemulsion templating method and modified with polyethleneimine (PEI) for post-combustion carbon capture. The effects of preparation conditions, such as P123/TMB ratio, aging temperature and pH values, on sample morphology and pore structure were studied to understand the characteristics of inorganic silica precursors. Results show that the SFMs possess 3-dimensional porous framework with a large surface area of 901.3 m 3 /g and a pore volume of 2.0 cm 3 /g. The CO 2 adsorption behaviour of PEI-impregnated SFMs were investigated in terms of CO 2 adsorption capacity and temperature swing adsorption (TSA) cycling stability under a simulated flue gas condition (75 °C and 15% CO 2 /N 2 ). The results show that pore-expanded SFMs with 50 wt% PEI loading exhibited higher CO 2 uptake (109 mg/g-adsorbent) compared to non-pore-expended materials (50 mg/g-adsorbent) and no appreciable reduction in CO 2 uptake was observed in the first 10 cycles. However, the DRIFTS spectra of CO 2 -evacuated adsorbents revealed the presence of alkylammonium carbamates residuals and formations of urea species. This could explain the reduction in CO 2 adsorption capacity after 10 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）