Sustainable Materials and Technologies
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2025
·
IF 9.2
Weinan Dong,Xuehong Qiu,Weisong Zhao,Bao Guo,Kaixi Jiang
In zinc hydrometallurgical plant, neutralizing precipitation and the subsequent dissolution are implemented to enrich scattering metals, Gallium (Ga) and Indium (In), and Cu from zinc leaching solution, facilitating further extraction and separation of Ga/In and others. The formation of jarosite presents both challenges and opportunities for Ga/In extraction, as Ga/In can substitute Fe within the jarosite structure. In this work, the evolution of the Ga/In occurrence state, especially its relationship with jarosite was investigated and the role of Fe/K/Pb was emphasized. Results show that jarosite formation is inevitable at pH 1–2, with K-jarosite forming kinetically faster than Pb-jarosite. By supplying sufficient K, precipitation rates reached 95.7 % for Ga and 98.1 % for In at pH 2 with little Cu/Ge loss. Eventually, a more appropriate and efficient flowsheet for recovery of scattering metals and Cu from zinc leaching solution is recommended, providing a practical framework comprehensive utilization in zinc hydrometallurgy.
研究领域:
冶金学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.299
Guozhi Zhang,Desheng Chen,Wei Zhao,Hongxin Zhao,Lina Wang,Dan Li,Tao Qi
A selective synergistic extraction process for recovering vanadium (V) from the high-acidity chloride leaching liquor was proposed. Vanadium (V) extraction from the simulated high-acidity leaching liquor with numerous impurities using a mixed extractant consisting of tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) was studied while obvious synergism was found. According to synergistic enhancement coefficient and physical property of organic phase, the suitable extractant composition was the volume ratio of Aliquat 336 to TBP 1:4. The vanadium (V) extraction increased sharply as HCl concentration increased from 1.01 mol/L to 4.13 mol/L. Under the optimum extraction conditions (extractant concentration of 50 vol%, 1 min, 25–30 °C, and phase ratio (O/A) of 1:1), the vanadium extraction with three stages was above 90.0%. Almost no other impurity ions, such as Ca, Al, Mg, Cr, Ti, Mn, and Si, were co-extracted. Under the optimum stripping conditions, the vanadium stripping was above 92.0% in a single stage using water as the effective stripping reagent. High-quality V 2 O 5 product was obtained after precipitation and calcination . The mechanism of vanadium (V) extraction by Aliquat 336–TBP mixed extractant was discussed based on the analysis of FT-IR and UV–vis spectra.
研究领域:
冶金学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Shizhe Chen,Weinan Dong,Weisong Zhao,Wen Qiang,Xiangxiang Chen,Bao Guo,Kaixi Jiang
Germanium is one of the strategic scattering metals, and recovering a minor concentration of scattering metals from zinc concentrate’s leaching solution is an essential resource worldwide. Practically, neutralizing precipitation and the subsequent dissolution are implemented to enrich scattering metals from zinc leaching solution, facilitating further extraction of Ge and others. Silicon poses significant challenges to the efficient extraction of Ge due to their similar chemical property and the inert nature of silica. However, the evolution of the Ge occurrence state, especially its relationship with Si, during the precipitation and dissolution process in zinc hydrometallurgy is unclear, and there is a lack of an effective method to separate Si/Ge. This paper started with a detailed characterization and leaching behavior of Ge-enriched residue obtained from the plant, followed by a systematic investigation of Ge behavior in synthetic Si/Ge binary and Fe/Si/Ge ternary systems. Eventually, options for Ge enrichment from zinc leaching solution and Si/Ge separation are recommended, providing a practical framework for mitigating the negative influence of Si on the extraction of Ge in zinc hydrometallurgy. The significant findings are that Ge/Si are both presumably co-adsorbed by Fe(OH) 3 colloids upon neutralization to pH 5 of zinc leaching solution, which could be acid redissolved at the unrealistically high liquid-to-solid ratio of 200/1 at the practically meaningful liquid-to-solid ratio of 5/1, Si concentration is high enough to quickly condense and polymerize, resulting the formation of silica precipitate and permanent encapsulating of Ge into silica; interestingly, the Si-O-Ge bonding becomes weakened with pH increasing up to alkaline region and Ge leaching rate exceeding 80% at pH 10, effectively separating Ge from SiO 2 .
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
·
2023
·
IF 13.2
Li Cui,Lijuan Feng,Hefeng Yuan,Huaigang Cheng,Fangqin Cheng
The recovery of critical metals from industrial waste is very important and challenging. This work proposed an efficient process for recovering aluminum, lithium, iron and gallium from coal fly ash leachate. Firstly, 98.1 %, 86.6 % and 99.8 % of iron, lithium and gallium are coextracted by tributyl phosphate (TBP), facilitating the subsequent use of the aluminum raffinate. The spectroscopic analysis verifies the formation of [Li(TBP) 2 ][FeCl 4 ] and [Li(TBP) 2 ][G a C l 4 ]. Afterwards, the effective separation of lithium, iron, gallium in TBP is achieved by stepwise stripping. Lithium can be almost completely stripped using 6 mol/L HCl with free iron and gallium of loss. An extremely high separation factor of iron and gallium (α Fe/Ga , 1175) can be achieved through reduction stripping by precisely controlling pH value and oxidation–reduction potential. Finally, about 99.5 % of gallium can be stripped with 0 ∼ 1 mol/L HCl. This work realizes the synergistic recovery of valuable metals from waste resources.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2024
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IF 4.9
Hanjun Wu,Lan Hu,Zhenyue Zhang,Wenda Guo,Wendou Chen,Junxia Yu,Guoqing Feng,Ruan Chi,Zhiquan Pan
In this study, a novel trihydroxyl functionalized titanium dioxide (TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH) was successfully synthesized by the Schiff base reaction method. TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction techniques (XRD), and further applied to recover germanium (Ge(IV)) from coal acid leaching solution. TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH exhibited superior capture performance on Ge(IV) at a pH of 3, and the optimal TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH dosages were 0.8 g L −1 . The distribution coefficients of germanium for coexisting metal ions (Zn 2+ , Co 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ and Al 3+ ) were all greater than 1, indicating that TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH had good selective adsorption performance for Ge(IV) in complex solution environments. Compared with other kinetic models, pseudo-second-order model was more suitable to reveal the absorption of Ge(IV). Moreover, the experiment data were fitted better with Langmuir model at 298 K than the other isothermal models, and the maximum adsorption capacity was up to 72.94 mg g −1 . Thermodynamic data suggesting that the capture of Ge(IV) on TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH was a spontaneous endothermic process, increasing the temperature was beneficial for the adsorption reaction to proceed. TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH with saturated adsorption still maintained a high removal rate of 80.55 % of Ge(IV) after five cycles, indicating good stability and recyclability of TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH. XPS analysis indicated that the capture of germanium by TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH may be due to the ion exchange interaction between -OH and Ge(OH) 4 on the adsorbent surface. This work indicated that TiO 2 -NH 2 -3OH had great advantages and potential for the recovery of Ge(IV) from coal acid leaching solution.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2016
·Vol. 69
·期 10
·1950-1957
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IF 1.798
Shi Qihua,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,Huang Jing,Liu Hong
To improve separation of V(IV) and Al(III) from aluminum-rich sulfuric acid leaching solution of stone coal, the two-stage separation by crystallization and solvent extraction methods have been developed. A co-extraction coefficient ( k ) was put forward to evaluate comprehensively co-extraction extent in different solutions. In the crystallization stage, 68.2% of aluminum can be removed from the solution. In the solvent extraction stage, vanadium was selectively extracted using di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid/tri-n-butyl phosphate from the crystalline mother solution, followed by H 2 SO 4 stripped efficiently. A V 2 O 5 product with purity of 98.39% and only 0.10% Al was obtained after oxidation, precipitation, and calcination. Compared with vanadium extraction from solution without crystallization, the counter-current extraction stage of vanadium can be decreased from 6 to 3 and co-extraction coefficient ( k ) decreased from 2.51 to 0.58 with two-stage separation. It is suggested that the aluminum removal by crystallization can evidently weaken the influence of aluminum co-extraction on vanadium extraction and improve the selectivity of solvent extraction for vanadium.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Applied Sciences-Basel
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 19
·9127
·
IF 2.679
Tianji Liu,Yitong Wang,Junguo Li,Qing Yu,Xiaoman Wang,Di Gao,Fuping Wang,Shuang Cai,Yanan Zeng
The effects of Ca2+in converter slag and electric arc furnace slag leaching solutions on CO2content, the effects of CO2content in solutions on the accumulation of chlorophyll a ofNannochloropsissp., and the mechanisms were studied. Results showed that addition of 50 mg/L converter slag leaching solution and 400 mg/L electric arc furnace slag leaching solution (lower than 50 vol% concentration) promoted the accumulation of chlorophyll a ofNannochloropsissp., while an increased concentration of 70 vol% inhibited its accumulation. The highest concentration of chlorophyll a was obtained on the addition of 10 vol%. With 10 vol% leaching solutions added, chlorophyll a concentration for converter slag reached 4.2 mg/L, 1.45 times as much as that of pure F/2 medium, and chlorophyll a concentration for electric arc slag reached 3.2 mg/L, 1.10 times as much as that of pure F/2 medium. Under the same addition proportion, the promoting or inhibiting effect from converter slag on the accumulation of chlorophyll a ofNannochloropsissp. was more obvious than that for electric arc furnace slag. The reason for the promotion of chlorophyll a accumulation ofNannochloropsissp. was that an increase of Ca2+in the solutions led to an increase of CO2, thereby promoting the photosynthetic rate of microalgae. The study provided new ideas for the green application of solid waste and industrial production of microalgae.Keywords:leaching solutions;converter slag;electric arc furnace slag;Nannochloropsissp.;chlorophyll a;CO2content
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Minerals
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·858
·
IF 2.818
Yanming Liu,Han Zhang,Dunquan Xiao,Hanjun Wu,Zhenyue Zhang,Lulu Xu,Qingrong Cheng,Hong Zhou,Junxia Yu,Zhiquan Pan,Dongsheng Wang
In this work, ternary and quaternary layered double oxides (PTB-LDO3 and PTB-LDO4) based on phosphate tailings were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The as-prepared samples were characterized and applied to remove fluorine ions from a phosphogypsum leaching solution. The results indicated that both the precursor of PTB-LDO3 and PTB-LDO4 showed a layered structure with characteristic diffraction peaks of hydrotalcite. Compared with PTB-LDO4, PTB-LDO3 exhibited better adsorption performance at pH 5–6 and a dosage of 0.04 mg L−1. The adsorption kinetics results revealed that the adsorption of fluorine by PTB-LDO3 and PTB-LDO4 reached the adsorption equilibrium in about 3 h, and followed the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption data could be fitted better with the Langmuir isotherm with the maximum adsorption amounts of 26.03 mg g−1and 15.66 mg g−1for PTB-LDO3 and PTB-LDO4, respectively. The adsorption of fluorine by PTB-LDO3 and PTB-LDO4 were both spontaneous and exothermic, and exhibited excellent reusability and stability. This study provides a possibility for the combined treatment of phosphorus chemical solid waste (phosphorus tailings) and phosphorus chemical wastewater (phosphogypsum leaching liquid).Keywords:phosphate tailings;layered double oxides;adsorption;phosphogypsum leaching solution
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2021
·
IF 7.963
Zhe Li,Yuwei Xie,Yi Zeng,Zihang Zhang,Yingyue Song,Zhicheng Hong,Lanqianya Ma,Mei He,Hua Ma,Fuyi Cui
The hazardous effects of plastic and plastic leachates on organisms, even bacteria, have attracted widespread attention, but only a limited effort has been devoted to explore the response of fungi to plastic leachate induced by light irradiation. Here, we performed plastic leaching experiments to obtain leachates from polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP), and optical properties of plastic leachates were analysed to determine the influence of light conditions and plastic materials on that. The effects of plastic leachates on the production of fungal enzyme and the biodegradation of heterocyclic dye by fungi were evaluated. Results indicated that the UV light greatly enhanced the release of leachates from the three plastics. Both plastic polymers and light irradiation affected the plastic-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and their aromaticity, but the molecular weight of plastic leachates showed no dependency on light irradiation types, and PE was the easiest to photo age and leached more DOC. Plastic leachates had no dose-effect on the production of extracellular enzymes by fungi. PE leachates showed long-term toxicities to fungi, and no manganese peroxidase activities were detected after a 42-day incubation, while that of controls were up to 73.64 ± 8.81 U/L. However, the PE and PP leachates greatly promoted methylene blue degradation by the fungi, but PET leachates relieved the decolouration of methylene blue, probably because of the benzene ring structure in the PET monomer . Fusarium oxysporum had a stronger degradation ability than Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Our results indicate that plastic leachates can influence the production and secretion of fungi ligninolytic extracellular enzymes, and regulate the fungal degradation of heterocyclic dye.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
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2022
·
IF 8.943
Kaiming Yang,Siyuan Jing,Yang Liu,Hao Zhou,Yan Liu,Ming Yan,Xianliang Yi,Renyan Liu
Tire wear particles (TWPs) have been characterized as microplastics in recent years, and many of these TWPs will be eventually deposited in coastal areas, leading to adverse effects to marine organisms. Results of the acute toxicity test in this study showed that the 96-h LC50 values of the particles and leachate were 771.4 mg/L (95% CI = 684.4–869.6 mg/L) and 5.34 g/L (95% CI = 4.75–6.07 g/L), respectively. The chemical constituents of TWP and the leachate are very complex, and little research has been conducted to determine which of these constituents contribute to the toxicity of TWP leachate to marine organisms. Therefore, the composition of the TWP and leachate was analyzed, and a variety of chemicals were identified, including metals (Mn, Zn, etc.) and organic compounds (cyclohexanthiol, 4-ethyl-1,2-dimethylbenzene, benzothiazole, stearic acid , N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, etc.). In addition, the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was applied as a model species in the toxicity identification evaluation study to characterize, identify and confirm the toxicity-causing substances in the TWP leachate. Zn was identified and confirmed as the main toxicant contributing to the toxicity. Furthermore, Zn concentrations in the leachate over time were investigated. The release of Zn from TWPs to the aquatic environment was slow, and conformed to a parabolic model with a release constant k of 2.06. The organic component, benzothiazole, exhibited an antagonistic effect with zinc in the acute toxicity of the TWP leachate.
研究领域:
环境科学
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海洋生物学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Separations
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 4
·251
·
IF 2.6
Lei Zhou,Yongqing Zhang,Lijin Zhang,Xuefeng Wu,Ran Jiang,Lu Wang
A significant amount of iron from the waste nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery sulfuric acid leachate seriously hinders the separation and recovery of nickel and cadmium. Therefore, an efficient and economical way to remove iron from this leachate is desired. This paper demonstrated the efficient iron extraction from a simulated Ni-Cd battery sulfuric acid leachate with saponified Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). The iron-loaded D2EHPA was then stripped with oxalic acid and the iron was recovered in the form of iron oxalate. This process realizes the efficient separation and high-value recovery of iron. The results showed that the saponification of the D2EHPA greatly promoted the extraction of iron from the Ni-Cd battery sulfuric acid leachate. Under suitable conditions, the iron’s single-stage extraction rate was more than 95%, and the iron’s single-stage stripping rate was more than 85%. Moreover, the iron’s extraction rate was more than 99% after two theoretical extraction stages, and the stripping rate was 95.6% after two theoretical stripping stages. The slope analysis determines that five molecules of D2EHPA were combined with one molecule of Fe3+in the extraction process. The FT-IR analysis shows that the extraction mechanism of Fe3+using the saponified D2EHPA is a cation exchange. These results can help guide the industrial separation and recovery of iron from the waste Ni-Cd battery sulfuric acid leachate.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 8.355
Zesen Zhao,Li Cui,Yanxia Guo,Huiquan Li,Fangqin Cheng
For the ever-growing demand of gallium (Ga) resources in electronic applications, the recovery of Ga from the mining residues or waste has received considerable interest. The present paper is focused on the selective recovery of Ga from the sulfuric acid leach liquor of coal fly ash (CFA) by stepwise separation using acidic extractant. The results show that Ga(III) can be effectively separated by controlling the equilibrium pH values and meanwhile employing appropriate extractant based on the different ionic potential and electronic configuration of metal ions. At equilibrium pH ≤ 0.8, the impurities Ti(IV) and Fe(III) in the liquor can be preferably removed by a two-stage cross current extraction with 1 mol/L P507. Then Ga(III) can be selectively separated against Al(III) using 0.5 mol/L Cyanex 272 at equilibrium pH of 2.4–2.6. The separation factors of Fe/Ga, Fe/Al and Ga/Al can reach 145, 133 and 40, respectively. The extraction mechanism of Ga(III) as well as the Ga(III) complexes with Cyanex 272 were investigated using slope analysis and spectroscopic methods including FT-IR, NMR and ESI-MS, indicating that the extraction of Ga(III) with Cyanex 272 follows an ion exchange mechanism. The Ga(III) complexes with Cyanex 272 (H 2 L 2 ) contains three coordination compounds, GaL 3 , Ga(HL)L 3 and Ga(HL) 3 L 3 . Both the P-O and P = O groups of Cyanex 272 play the roles in the coordination reaction of Ga(III). The study provides a feasible way for the selective recovery of Ga from coal fly ash.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）