Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2024
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IF 7.4
Ruize Gao,Haisen Peng,Qiongqiong He,Zhen Meng,Pengxu Xiang,Lihua Hou,Zhenyong Miao
Lithium (Li), gallium (Ga), and rare earth elements (REEs) are essential in various industries due to their wide range of applications, and extraction of rare metals from coal fly ash (CFA) has become a hot topic in recent years. This study investigates the simultaneous leaching of Li, Ga, and REEs from CFA using both inorganic and organic acids. High leaching efficiencies, exceeding 90%, were achieved for Li (90.4%), Ga (90.5%), and REEs (92.7%) with 3 M HCl leaching. The leaching efficiency of citric acid is lower, but it can achieve a leaching rate of 70–80% at low concentration (0.5 M). A novel two-stage acid leaching approach is proposed for the selective leaching of Li and Ga from CFA. In the first step, 1 M HCl leaching results in the leaching of most Li (71.12%) and a small amount of Ga (2.63%). Subsequently, 2 M HCl leaching led to the leaching of a small amount of Li (18.14%) and most of Ga (83.93%). The silicic acid gel produced during low HCl concentration leaching exhibited a stronger affinity for Ga 3+ than for Li + , with significantly higher adsorption energy for Ga (−211.554 kcal/mol) compared to that for Li (−3.481 kcal/mol). This two-stage acid leaching process ingeniously utilized H 2 SiO 3 to achieve the selective separation and leaching of Li and Ga.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Central South University
·
2021
·Vol. 28
·期 9
·2701-2710
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IF 1.716
Zhang Du-chao,Liu Ruo-lin,Wang Hao,Liu Wei-feng,Yang Tian-zu,Chen Lin
To recover zinc from electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, a process of primary normal pressure leaching and secondary alkaline pressure leaching is proposed. First, under the alkaline pressure leaching system, the experiment of pure zinc ferrite being reduced by iron powder was carried out. Under the optimal reduction conditions (i.e., temperature of 260 °C, NaOH concentration of 6 mol/L, liquid-to-solid ratio of 50 mL/g, and a 5-fold excess of iron powder), 89% of zinc was extracted. The iron in the reduced residue exists as a magnetite phase. Subsequently, the normal pressure leaching experiment was carried out with EAF dust as raw material, and 66% zinc was leached. The main phase of zinc in normal leaching residue was determined to be zinc ferrite. Then, the normal leaching residue was reduced by iron powder under the alkaline pressure leaching system, and 66.5% of zinc was extracted. After the two-stage leaching process, the leaching rate of zinc in EAF dust can achieve 88.7%. The alkaline pressure leaching solution can be returned as the normal pressure leaching solution, and the magnetite in the alkaline pressure leaching residue can be recovered by magnetic separation.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2023
·Vol. 75
·期 11
·4910-4921
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IF 2.6
Zhang Jiahe,Feng Wenyu,Cao Huazhen,Zhang Huibin,Zheng Guoqu
This study explored a highly selective and efficient oxidation system for the recovery of rhenium resources from Re-rich arsenic sulfide slag containing significant quantities of arsenic. The effects of H 2 O 2 dosage, initial H 2 SO 4 concentration and leaching temperature on the Re, As and Bi extraction efficiency were investigated in detail. The results demonstrated that under the most favorable conditions of 20 mL H 2 O 2 , 70°C, 0.25 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 solution, the Re extraction efficiency can reach 99.2%. The phase transitions of the main constituents of the slag, Re, As and Bi were analyzed. ReS 2 and Re 2 S 7 in the Re-rich arsenic sulfide slag were transformed to ReO 4 − , impelling Re to enter the leachate. Bi and As were oxidized and entered the leachate in ionic form under a limited H 2 O 2 dosage. As the H 2 O 2 dosage increased, the concentration of Bi and As in the leachate reached a threshold value and transformed to stable BiAsO 4 , resulting in the attenuation of As and Bi extraction efficiency. This process considerably promoted the selective leaching of Re and the separation of Re from As and Bi. Kinetic analysis shows that the leaching process is controlled by chemical reaction with an apparent activation energy of 29.05 kJ mol −1 .
研究领域:
冶金工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Limin Zhang,Yunyan Wang,Yong Ke,Zhumei Sun,Yun Li,Cong Peng,Mingfei Zhu,Yongjian Luo,Xiaobo Min
Zinc ferrite is a dominant phase in mass solid wastes generated from zinc or iron production, which causes the obstacle of metal recovery and recycling. A facile and efficient sulfuric acid leaching process of zinc ferrite assisted by copper powder was proposed in this study. The effects of factors on the leaching of zinc ferrite and copper were investigated. The results showed that zinc ferrite and copper were coupled and leached. The complete dissolution of zinc ferrite was obtained with wide ranges of leaching conditions. The shortest time for the complete dissolution of zinc ferrite was 10 min at 80 ℃ under the conditions: copper to zinc ferrite molar ratio of 1.5, sulfuric acid concentration of 100 g/L, liquid to solid ratio of 30 mL/g, and copper powder of + 38.5–20 μm. The least consumption of copper to realize the complete dissolution of zinc ferrite was 27.15%. The leaching kinetics was studied by the shrinking core model. It was found that zinc ferrite leaching assisted by copper was controlled by surface chemical reaction. The apparent activation energies for zinc, iron, and copper are 56 kJ/mol, 56 kJ/mol, and 50 kJ/mol, respectively. Characterization of the leaching residues and determination of iron and copper species in the leaching solution showed galvanic corrosion took place between zinc ferrite and copper, enhancing their acid dissolution.
研究领域:
冶金学
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化学工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Jiaxin Yang,Wenju Tao,Jiaming Li,Lingyu Kong,Shaohua Wu,Jingui He,Zhaoshun Liu,Yu Sun,Zhaowen Wang
Low energy consumption and environmentally friendly recycling methods can extract high-added value and high-demand elements from retired waste fluorinated aluminum electrolytes (RWE-Al), which is crucial for alleviating resource shortages and environmental hazards. This study aims to develop a method for recovering fluorine and aluminum from RWE-Al through calcium leaching transformation combined with acid leaching. Compared to the traditional high-temperature roasting transformation and high-concentration alkali-metal-salt leaching process, this new process only involves one step of low-temperature leaching, purification of fluorine, carbonization of excess calcium, and evaporation extraction of aluminum, avoiding the generation of high energy consumption and secondary hazardous waste (F-containing liquid/ residue). Fluorine and aluminum are effectively separated and purified with extraction rates exceeding 96%. The effects of leaching temperature, CaO addition coefficient, liquid–solid ratio, and leaching time on the leaching process were systematically studied. The effects of acid concentration, liquid–solid ratio, time, and temperature on the acid-leaching process were also investigated. In summary, the comprehensive utilization of RWE-Al by this new process has proved to be feasible.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
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2022
·
IF 4.217
Zhihe Cao,Baozhong Ma,Chengyan Wang,Bingding Shi,Yongqiang Chen
Currently, with the increasing demand of nickel and cobalt, more and more attention has been placed on hydrometallurgical processing to treat laterite ore. The nitric acid pressure leaching (NAPL) has several advantages. In order to solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource wastage caused by the NAPL residue, this work proposes a novel and green process for treating laterite residue to prepare high-purity iron phosphate. The laterite residue was subjected to selective leaching by 6.0 mol L −1 phosphoric acid . The pregnant leach solution (PLS) was used to prepare iron phosphate by induced precipitation. The selective leaching was conducted using 6.0 mol L −1 H 3 PO 4 of to obtain high extraction of iron. After leaching and clarification of PLS iron phosphate was precipitated in two steps by controlling temperature and pH, to yield more than 94% iron phosphate. The reaction mechanism of the induced precipitation was analyzed, which illustrated that intermediate products were first formed from the leach liquor and then transformed to FePO 4(s) . Characterization of the iron phosphate showed that the product displayed flowerlike morphology with high purity and dispersion. This process not only solves the serious environmental damage by accumulation and landfill of laterite residue, but also improve the efficiency of resource utilization for the hydrometallurgical nickel laterite industry.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Minghui Liu,Yutong Zhao,Ming Tian,Kejia Liu,Guoping Hu,Jian Zhang,Tianyan Xue,Tao Qi,Hui Zhang
Platinum group metals (PGMs) are scarce critical materials, and recovering PGMs from spent automotive catalysts (SAC) is economically and ecologically important. However, dissolving the Fe-Si-PGMs alloy derived from SAC is challenging, impeding PGMs recovery. This study aims to develop a more sustainable, efficient, and scalable leaching scheme. We demonstrate efficient leaching of Fe-Si-PGMs alloy using a thermochemical combined with mechanochemical leaching method with a HCl + FeCl 3 + H 2 O 2 solution. Kinetics parameters studies optimize the leaching process. The main obstacles to leaching are the chemical inertness of the alloy and the SiO 2 encapsulation formed. Ultimately, efficient dissolution of 99 % Pd, 95 % Pt and 88 % Rh was achieved, increasing PGMs leaching by 17 % compared to single thermochemical leaching. Additionally, this work remedies the scalability limitations of mechanochemical leaching and provides valuable insights for PGMs recovery.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Yisheng Zhang,Luyuan Zhang,Genlv Wang,Louyan Shen,Shenchen Hu,Li Shen,Guohua Gu,Hongbo Zhao
Currently, about 10% − 20% of the world's copper production comes from bioleaching processes. On the one hand, the bioleaching residues accumulated over the years require harmless treatment. On the other hand, the gradual depletion of secondary copper sulphide ores has made refractory chalcopyrite the most important copper resource, but bioleaching of chalcopyrite has not yet achieved commercial success, and more efficient and cost-effective technologies need to be developed. To this end, the bioleaching residue-introduced thermal activation-leaching of chalcopyrite was investigated for the first time in this work. As the main or typical components of bioleaching residues, elemental sulphur, jarosite and covellite were selected as additives to chalcopyrite, which were thermally activated at 375 °C, 475 °C and 575 °C. The solubility of the activated products was evaluated using three leaching media including deionised water, dilute H 2 SO 4 (pH 1.85) and 10 wt% H 2 SO 4 , with a solid/liquid ratio of 0.5 g/10 mL. The leaching results showed that the highest Cu recoveries of the different groups were 96.10% (with jarosite added), 93.10% (with all three components added), 90.30% (with elemental sulphur added), 88.40% (chalcopyrite alone) and 88.00% (with covellite added). An improved Cu recovery of 5.32% with a significantly reduced iron leaching rate of 71.24% was obtained when all three additives were present. Combining the results of XRD, SEM, EDS, TG-DSC and predominance area diagram analysis, the sulphation mechanism of chalcopyrite induced by the thermal decomposition intermediates KFe(SO 4 ) 2 and K 2 SO 4 was proposed and the favourable sulphation atmosphere attributed to the formation of SO 2 and SO 3 was discussed. In addition, high-purity hematite was shown to be the main phase of the final solid product, achieving the simultaneous valuable and harmless transformation of the bioleaching residue.
研究领域:
冶金学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Qingxiang Wang,Tao Huang,Jing Du,Lulu Zhou
The extraction of uranium (U)-related minerals from raw ore sands via a leaching procedure would produce enormous amounts of tailings, not only causing radioactivity contamination to surroundings but also wasting the potential U utilization. Effective recycling of U from U tailings is propitious to the current issues in U mining industries. In this study, the influence of the composite oxidation of Fe(III) and Mn(VII) intensified by microwave (MW) irradiation on the acid leaching of U from tailings was comprehensively explored in sequential and coupling systems. The U leaching activities from the tailing specimens were explicitly enhanced by MW irradiation. The composite oxidation caused by Fe(III) and Mn(VII) further facilitated the leaching of U ions from the tailing under MW irradiation in two systems. Maximum leaching efficiencies of 84.61, 80.56, and 92.95% for U ions were achieved in the Fe(III)-, Mn(VII)-, and Fe(III)–Mn(VII)-participated coupling systems, respectively. The inappropriateness of the shrinking core model (SCM) demonstrated by the linear fittings and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the two systems explained a reverse increase of solid cores in the later stage of leaching experiments. The internal migration of oxidant ions into the particle cores enhanced by MW accelerated the dissolution of Al, Fe, and Mn constituents under acidic conditions, which further strengthened U extraction from tailing specimens.
研究领域:
环境科学
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核工程
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化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Ziyi Guo,Yifan Wang,Rongmiao Zhang,Ruikang Fan,Zhibin Guo,Bo Zhang,Chenlong Duan,Enhui Zhou
Coal gangue as a mineral waste, contains a large number of valuable elements including Rare-Earth Elements (REEs), which can be used in many precision instruments and military industries. Organic ammonium salt leaching is an effective method to extract REEs for coal gangue utilization. In this study, the ultrasound-assisted leaching using an organic ammonium salt betaine hydrochloride has been first attempted to extract REEs and other elements. With the betaine hydrochloride of 0.8 mol/L and ultrasonic power of 400 W, the recoveries of Total-REEs, Light-REEs, and Heavy-REEs achieve 85.65%, 90.81%, and 68.46%, respectively. For other coexisting elements of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), the leaching recoveries are as low as 2.49% and 2.72%, which indicates a good selective leaching performance. Kinetics analysis shows that the activation energies for Light-REEs and Heavy-REEs are 23.51 kJ·mol−1 and 39.80 kJ·mol−1, governing a diffusion and chemical reaction process. Ultrasound-assisted betaine hydrochloride leaching with the high efficiency and good selectivity provides a good solution for environmentally friendly REEs recovery.
研究领域:
环境科学
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矿物加工工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.6
Liu Zuohai,Li Xiang,Liu Daqian,Weng Xuchen,Huang Min,Liu Zhirong
During the tantalum ore smelting process, radioactive substances such as uranium and thorium accumulate in the slag, posing significant environmental risks if not properly treated. The traditional acid leaching method remains suboptimal for extracting these elements from tantalum slag. To address this limitation, this study employed aluminum salt as leaching aid, effectively enhancing uranium and thorium extraction efficiency. This approach offers a novel methodology for recovering uranium and thorium from refractory slag generated after tantalum ore smelting.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
核化学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Ao Zhou,Zhihong Liu,Zhiyong Liu
With the imminent peak in the retirement of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries worldwide, the development of efficient methods for recycling valuable elements from LIBs has attracted considerable attention. In this work, a novel method of NH 4 HSO 4 reduction roasting-selective ammonia leaching was proposed to thoroughly separate Li and Mn from the spent LiMn 2 O 4 cathode materials . Using the TG-DSC-FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS and ICP methods, the detailed mechanism of reduction roasting process was revealed, showing that the Mn 4+ and Mn 3+ in the spinel structure of LiMn 2 O 4 were reduced by the NH 4 + from the molten ammonium salt, and transformed into water-soluble MnSO 4 and Li 2 Mn 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . According to the water-leaching performance of the roasting products, the sulfation conversion rate of Mn reaches 98.1 %, while Li is almost completely transformed under the optimal roasting conditions (475 ℃, 60 min). Using the NH 3 ·H 2 O-air leaching-system, complete separation of Li and Mn can be achieved. It was shown that the introduction of air into the ammonia solution at a rate of 0.2 L/min under the optimal leaching condition leads to Mn precipitation in the form of nanoscale Mn 3 O 4 particles with a precipitation rate of over 99.99 %, while Li still remains completely leached. Based on the in situ detection of the oxidation reduction potential and pH during the selective leaching, the key mechanism of efficient Mn precipitation was revealed. that is, the increasing potential accelerates the oxidation of Mn(OH) 2 , and the rapid consumption of Mn(OH) 2 promotes the hydrolysis of Mn 2+ , thereby achieving a significant improvement in the separation efficiency of Li and Mn.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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