Biotechnology for Biofuels
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2018
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 5.497
Xu Yu-Ping,Duan Pei-Gao,Wang Feng,Guan Qing-Qing
Background In this study, a two-step processing method (hydrothermal liquefaction followed by catalytic upgrading) was used to produce upgraded bio-oil. A comprehensive screening analysis of algal species, including four microalgae and four macroalgae, was conducted to bridge the gap between previous accounts of microalgae and macroalgae hydrothermal liquefaction and the upgrading process of the resulting crude bio-oils. Results Hydrothermal liquefaction using eight algal biomasses was performed at 350 °C for 1 h. The microalgae always produced a higher crude bio-oil yield than the macroalgae due to their high lipid content, among which Schizochytrium limacinum provided the maximum crude bio-oil yield of 54.42 wt%. For microalgae, higher amounts of N in the biomass resulted in higher amounts of N in the crude bio-oil; however, contrary results were observed for the macroalgae. The crude bio-oils generated from both the microalgae and macroalgae were characterized as having a high viscosity, total acid number, and heteroatom content, and they were influenced by the biochemical compositions of the feedstocks. Next, all eight-crude bio-oils were treated at 400 °C for 2 h with 10 wt% Ru/C using tetralin as the hydrogen donor. The hydrogen source was provided after tetralin was transformed to naphthalene. All the upgraded bio-oils had higher energy densities and significantly lower N, O, and S contents and viscosities than their corresponding crude bio-oils. However, the H/C molar ratio of the upgraded bio-oils decreased due to the absence of external hydrogen relative to the crude bio-oils. The S content of the upgraded bio-oil produced from upgrading the Schizochytrium limacinum crude bio-oil was even close to the 50 ppm requirement of China IV diesel. Conclusions Microalgae are better feedstocks than macroalgae for liquid fuel production. Biochemical components have a significant impact on the yield and composition of crude bio-oil. Tetralin does not perform as well as external hydrogen for controlling coke formation. The S content of the upgraded bio-oil can be reduced to 76 ppm for the crude bio-oil produced from Schizochytrium limacinum . Upgraded bio-oils have similar properties to those of naphtha and jet fuel.
研究领域:
能源生物学
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生物化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
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2023
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IF 10.4
Ruizhe Chen,Leilei Cheng,Jing Gu,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
Hydroconversion has been demonstrated as a viable method to efficiently deconstruct polyolefins under relatively mild conditions. The hydrogenolysis of C–C bonds over Ru-based catalysts can convert polyolefins into liquid alkanes and methane. To suppress methane generation and obtain high-value isomer, further exploration of the mechanism for the cooperative deconstruction of polyolefins by bifunctional catalysts with metal–acid sites is necessary. In this study, we utilized ball milling to enhance the accessibility of acid sites within MOR zeolite, while the fragmented pore structure ensured that the loaded Ru metal was sufficiently accessible for long-chain alkanes. The sequential accessibility of metal–acid sites boosted the hydroconversion efficiency of low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Through systematic investigations involving catalysts with various Ru loadings and Si/Al ratio of zeolites, it is discovered that the smaller-sized Ru particles not only facilitate the generation and desorption of olefinic intermediates in hydrocracking but also promote the hydrogenation and desorption of alkyls and suppress the cascade of terminal C–C bond cleavage in hydrogenolysis. Liquid fuel (C 5 -C 21 ) yield was increased by 27% for the catalyst loaded with 0.7 wt% Ru on mMOR20 compared to 1.7 wt% loadings, while methane yield was only one-third of the latter. Concurrently, the distribution of acid sites on the zeolite surface affected the aggregation process of Ru atoms. This study deeply unveils the synergistic interaction of metal–acid sites, facilitating internal C–C bond cleavage to obtain liquid fuel and sheds light on catalyst design for waste polyolefins upcycling.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
·
IF 5.8
Qingguo Zhou,Zhongyang Luo,Feiting Miao,Kaige Wang,Liwen Du,Qian Qian
For the biomass hydropyrolysis vapor upgrading (HPVU) route to be widely adopted, comprehensive and in-depth research on the free radical mechanism involved and the catalysts' performance is essential. Nine kinds of doped catalysts based on Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 -SiO 2 (ATS) as composite supports with different Co, Ni and Mo metal loadings were prepared. Changes in the content of free radicals during the pyrolysis of poplar wood under different sources of hydrogen have been observed by the use of electron paramagnetic resonance. The doped catalysts with high conversion efficiency and carbon deposition resistance were screened out. To validate the findings, product analysis and experimental verification under three different poplar pyrolysis routes(i.e., catalytic hydropyrolysis, hydropyrolysis vapor upgrading, and catalytic hydropyrolysis vapor upgrading) were conducted using a long-term continuous lab-scale HPVU system under different pressures. The study reported a carbon deposition of only 1.56 wt% on the catalyst，and the highest yield of C4 + hydrocarbons achieved was 23.81 wt%daf. Based on the observations, the evolution mechanism in the hydrogenation conversion of biomass to liquid fuels was analyzed.
研究领域:
能源科学
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催化化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 12
·9467-9478
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IF 4.6
Fuchao Li,Jianqiang Liu,Enhui Xing,Xiaoli Wei,Jianhong Gong,Yibin Luo,Xingtian Shu
A series of steam and phosphorus modified ZSM-5 samples were prepared to investigate the effect of pore structure and acid property on ethylene oligomerization. Characterization results showed that steam treatment contributed to generate mesopores with pore sizes of 2–3 nm and 10–20 nm, while progressive aggregation of phosphorus species on the exterior surface resulted in blockage of channels. Dealumination of framework aluminum led to a gradual decline in total acidity and acid strength with an increase of steam temperature or P/Al ratio. Sufficient strong acid sites and enhanced accessibility to the inner active sites were crucial factors in conversion of ethylene to liquid fuels. The steam modified sample at 700 °C (HZ-700) obtained the highest yield of liquid fuels up to 78.1%, which demonstrated an increase of 40% in comparison with the unmodified sample. Due to improved diffusional capacity originating from mesopores, HZ-700 showed a higher deactivation stability than the phosphorus modified sample at similar conversion levels. This work will provide some insight into the development of zeolite-based catalyst for ethylene oligomerization to liquid fuels.
研究领域:
催化化学
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能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
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2022
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IF 8.035
Bingyue Tang,Wenzhi Li,Xia Zhang,Baikai Zhang,Hao Zhang,Cunshuo Li
Depolymerization of Kraft lignin represents an attractive strategy to obtain alternatives to fossil fuels. In this work, via the controlled oxidation of MoS 2 precursor, an oxygen-vacancy-enriched MoO 3 was synthesized and employed to catalyze the depolymerization of Kraft lignin in a new solvent system without external H 2 gas. Systematic characterizations exemplified that the calcination temperature significantly affected the morphology and concentration of oxygen vacancy of prepared MoO 3 , and the appropriate temperature in this work was proved to be 350 °C. In the optimized hydrogen-donor solvent system that contained 20 mL 1, 4-dioxane, 20 mL isopropanol and 5 mL methanol, MoO 3 -350 catalyst gave a 87 wt% yield of petroleum ether soluble products, and the higher heating value (HHV) of liquid fuels (33.4 MJ/kg) was dramatically increased compared with the original Kraft lignin (25.23 MJ/kg). Methanol and isopropanol were analyzed to be capable of promoting the solubility of Kraft lignin and supplying hydrogen in the reaction system, respectively. Underpinned by characterizations and products analysis, the schematic representation of possible reaction pathway was given.
研究领域:
能源化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
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2019
·
IF 3.021
Mingxue Su,Wenzhi Li,Qiaozhi Ma,Song Li,Tao Yang,Xiaomeng Dou
A water-tolerant, basic, and hierarchical MFI zeolite catalyst was synthesized and applied in the aldol condensation reaction between biomass-derived furfural and levulinic acid. The results showed that the addition of poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) significantly affected the textural and acid–base properties of hierarchical zeolite, which subsequently influenced the catalytic performance of hierarchical zeolite. In the aqueous phase, potassium-modified, hierarchical MFI zeolite (K/H-MFI-n) was more active for aldol condensation between furfural and levulinic acid than the potassium-modified, conventional MFI zeolite (K/MFI). This was ascribed to higher basic sites density and improved diffusion limitation of K/H-MFI-n. A 70.6% yield of aldol condensation product was achieved with a complete conversion of furfural at 100 °C for 9 h by K/H-MFI-0.6. However, only 27.4% yield of aldol condensation product with 55.1% furfural conversion was obtained by K/MFI at the same condition. Two major isomeric aldol products, β-furfurylidenelevulinic acid and δ-furfurylidenelevulinic acid (β-FDLA and δ-FDLA), were obtained after acidification. K/H-MFI-n displayed an enhanced selectivity (54.9%) to δ-FDLA, owing to the stronger basicity of K/H-MFI-n. However, K/MFI showed a preferred selectivity to β-FDLA (42.7%), owing to the dominant Lewis acidity. Recyclability research showed that the catalytic performance of potassium-modified, hierarchical MFI zeolite was acceptable after five runs.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2021
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IF 9.297
Antony Rajendran,Hong-Xia Fan,Tian-You Cui,Jie Feng,Wen-Ying Li
SO x emission, one of the significant contributors to air pollution, is primarily caused by the combustion of sulfur-containing liquid fuels . Thus, ultra-low sulfur or sulfur-free fuels production gains more attention to construct the SO x -free environment. Despite the oxidative desulfurization using polyoxometalates and hydrogen peroxide showing promising results, the requirement of hydrogen peroxide in excess and the complicated synthesis of heterogeneous polyoxometalates are the key drawbacks. So, in this paper, facile hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous tin oxide-supported octamolybdates containing Mo V and Mo VI sites is reported for oxidative desulfurization with near stoichiometric hydrogen peroxide. The current catalytic system seems competitive among molybdenum-based oxidative desulfurization catalysts due to its higher turnover frequencies of 28.1 h −1 . The straightforward synthesis of catalysts and their excellent oxidative desulfurization activity would be attractive in building the SO x -free environment via clean transport energy.
研究领域:
催化化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2023
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IF 22.1
Cederick Cyril Amoo,Joshua Iseoluwa Orege,Qingjie Ge,Jian Sun
Fuel production is an option for valorizing CO 2 , yet deficient catalysts meeting the standard fuel production has impeded progress of this promising technology. Herein, liquid fuel synthesis is rationalized over a catalyst consisting ‘C′, ‘Na’, and ‘Fe’, as in NaFe@C, configured with ZSM-22 and ZSM-5 in CO 2 hydrogenation. While the ‘Na’ and ‘C′ functioned as structural promoters on Fe to enhance CO 2 conversion and olefins synthesis, the characteristics of the zeolites facilitated oligomerization of lighter hydrocarbons. A high C 5 + selectivity was obtained over the HZSM-22 composite in CO 2 hydrogenation dominated by olefins and isoparaffins. Model reactions for exemplar oligomerization activity over the zeolites revealed ZSM-5 as highly active with selectivity towards isoparaffins and aromatic. The ‘Na’ cations induce Lewis’s acid sites (LAS) which suppresses hydrocracking during chain growth. This consistency, revealed between the model and CO 2 hydrogenation unlocks a door to zeolite usage in CO 2 hydrogenation to clean heavy hydrocarbons.
研究领域:
催化化学
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能源科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 3.9
Chengyin Lin,Yongyuan Deng,Yuankai Lin,Jun Li,Junling Tu,Riyang Shu
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) represents a highly efficient refining pathway to convert lignin-derived phenolic compounds for the production of hydrocarbon fuels, and the selection of a suitable catalyst is pivotal for a high reaction efficiency. In this study, we introduce a novel highly dispersed Pt/Al2O3–TiO2 composite catalyst that is prepared via a photochemical reduction method and employ it for the HDO of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. The catalyst demonstrates a good HDO performance, achieving complete conversion of guaiacol at 260 °C with cyclohexane selectivity of 99.9%. Catalyst characterization results reveal that the Pt/Al2O3–TiO2 catalyst exhibits a high Pt metal dispersion. Besides, the composite support synergistically combines the properties of Al2O3 and TiO2 components, resulting in a high specific surface area, moderate acidity, and abundant oxygen vacancy. These factors facilitate the provision of numerous active metal sites and acid sites those are essential for the HDO reaction. Moreover, the Pt/Al2O3–TiO2 catalyst also shows a high activity on the HDO of various other phenolic compounds. When applied to the upgrading of lignin oil, the catalyst significantly increases the hydrocarbon content from 18.9% to 92.2%, concurrently reducing the oxygen content and substantially increasing the hydrogen content of the lignin oil. The calorific value is significantly enhanced, underscoring the potential of the Pt/Al2O3–TiO2 composite catalyst to upgrade lignin-derived phenolic compounds into high-quality hydrocarbon liquid fuels.
研究领域:
催化化学
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可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
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IF 6.669
Chaofeng Zhu,Xiaomeng Dou,Wenzhi Li,Xiaohao Liu,Qingqing Li,Jianru Ma,Qiying Liu,Longlong Ma
A series of non-precious metal/metal oxide nickel-cobalt catalysts was prepared for a highly efficient depolymerization of Kraft lignin (KL) into liquid fuels using amorphous TiZr-oxide (Ti 1−y Zr y O 2 ) as a carrier. The effects of Ni-NiO x , Co-CoO x , NiCo-NiCoO x , NiCoO x and NiCo catalysts supported on amorphous TiZr-oxide carrier on KL depolymerization were investigated. It was found that the NiCo-NiCoO x /Ti 1−y Zr y O 2 catalyst is optimal for converting KL to petroleum ether (PE)-soluble product (mainly composed of monomers and dimers) in an 80.2% high yield at 320 °C for 24 h, with excellent reusability and a low formation of char. Under these conditions, the higher heating value (HHV) increased from 25.11 to 33.89 MJ/kg. A meticulous study on NiCo-NiCoO x /Ti 1−y Zr y O 2 catalysts revealed that the synergistic effect among Lewis acid sites, basic sites and metal active sites played an important role in obtaining high yields of monomers and low rates of char formation during lignin conversion.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源科学
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催化材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
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2020
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IF 0
Mingxue Su,Wenzhi Li,Qiaozhi Ma,Bowen Zhu
Liquid fuel intermediates could be produced via aldol condensation reaction between furfural or 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and acetone. It was found that iron-modified MCM-41 zeolite can be an effective Lewis acid catalyst for C—C bond formation via aldol condensation of furfural or HMF with acetone. The 4-(2-furyl)-3-buten-2-one and 1, 5-di-2-furanyl-1, 4-pentadien-3-one (FAc and F 2 Ac), or 1, 5-di-2-furanyl-1, 4-pentadien-3-one and 1, 5-bis[(5- hydroxlmethyl )-2- furanyl ]-1, 4-pentadien-3-one (HAc and H 2 Ac), as two main condensation products of furfural with acetone or HMF with acetone, were observed. After 24 h at 160 °C, 86.9% conversion of furfural with 60.0% yield of the FAc as well as 7.5% yield of the F 2 Ac and 88.9% conversion of the HMF with 41.1% yield of the HAc as well as 3.5% yield of the H 2 Ac were achieved. Although furfural or HMF conversion was almost same after 24 h at 160 °C, iron-modified MCM-41 zeolite catalyst displayed an enhanced selectivity to condensation products of furfural with acetone. In addition, catalysts showed an improved selectivity to the F 2 Ac and H 2 Ac at higher reaction temperature. The reusability and regeneration studies showed that iron-modified MCM-41 zeolite catalyst could not be reused directly, but could be regenerated by calcination in air, and the catalytic performance of regenerated catalyst was acceptable.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化材料
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可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2025
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IF 5.6
Xiaomei Ning,Yifan Wei,Zhiqiang Tang,Silin He,Xiaoting Chen,Kaitong Yan,Liang Zhan
The catalytic efficiency of the formic acid electro-oxidation reaction (FAOR) and glycerol electro-oxidation reaction (GOR) using a Pt catalyst was substantially enhanced by adding 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) dissolved in acetonitrile solution (ACN) into the reaction solution. The dynamic structure of TCNQ(ACN) and blank ACN modified Pt catalysts, along with their impacts on the performances in FAOR and GOR were analyzed. A strong relationship was established between the performance of FAOR and GOR and the modifier concentration in the reaction solution. ACN exerted a geometric blocking effect on Pt, thereby considerably improving the direct dehydrogenation process of FAOR. Based on ACN, the performance of the dehydrogenation process of FAOR and GOR was further boosted for the surface electron-rich Pt catalyst due to modification with additional TCNQ modifier. Additionally, the resistance to CO poisoning of modified Pt catalyst was notably improved, and the onset potential decreased from 0.656 V of the unmodified Pt to 0.583 V for a specific amount of TCNQ(ACN) modified Pt catalyst. This study offers a novel perspective to optimize the catalytic performance of the catalyst.
研究领域:
化学
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催化科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）