JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2021
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IF 8.742
Zhigao Zhu,Guangming Tan,Di Lei,Qiyu Yang,Xiao Tan,Ningning Liang,Dehua Ma
Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive desalination technology for further recovering highly concentrated brines with the advantages of high water recovery and salts rejection efficiency. However, advancing flux and tackling scaling of MD membrane are ongoing challenges due to the increasing temperature and concentration polarizations during the concentration process . Herein, we systematically investigated the membrane interface structure and common operating conditions on membrane flux and scaling resistance using reverse-osmosis concentrated seawater (ROCS) as a typical target. The results revealed that increasing membrane roughness, feed/permeate flow rate, and temperature gradient of membrane two surfaces could effectively improve membrane flux. Nevertheless, excessive feed/permeate flow rate and temperature gradient would accelerate membrane scaling due to enhanced disturbance to the membrane surface. The optimal membrane operated at a temperature gradient of 40 °C and a feed/permeate flow rate of 240 mL min −1 showed a high initial flux of ~48 L m −2 h −1 and an excellent water recovery ratio of 68.09% with the conductivity of distilled water lower than 11.72 μS cm −1 . In addition, the scaling resistance and flux of commercial antiscalants in ROCS on the differently wettable membrane interface were also systematically evaluated. These findings potentially transform MD to be a viable technology for concentrating ROCS using low-grade-thermal energy.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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水处理工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
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2024
·Vol. 36
·期 6
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IF 4.1
Li Gu-Yuan,Yu Jia-Jia,Duan Cheng-Cheng,Sun Shouli,Wu Chun-Mei,Li You-Rong
In this work, efficient microfluidic flow rate tuning based on the asymmetric flow of nematic liquid crystal 5CB under a horizontal temperature gradient is studied. Rectangular microchannels with the width of 100 μ m are fabricated through soft lithography and treated with homeotropic surface anchoring conditions. Polarized optical microscopy is applied to explore the unique optical anisotropic characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal. The asymmetric velocity profiles in the microchannel are obtained by particle tracking velocimetry. The effects of temperature, flow rate, and aspect ratio on the velocity profile and split ratio of the asymmetric flow are quantitatively studied for the first time, while the mechanism of the flow asymmetry of the nematic liquid crystal is discussed. The results show that the asymmetric flow of the nematic liquid crystal occurs after the horizontal temperature gradient is applied, with the velocity in the heated region markedly higher than its counterpart. The split ratio of the asymmetric flow increases with the increase in the temperature gradient and the decrease in the flow rate. The aspect ratio influences the asymmetric flow through approaches of average velocity and surface anchoring strength, while the former is more distinct. The impacts of temperature gradient, flow rate, and aspect ratio on the flow asymmetry of nematic liquid crystals are caused by the coupling between physical properties, velocity field, and director field. Microchannels based on the asymmetric flow characteristics of nematic liquid crystals can act as a novel kind of temperature-controlled microvalve to achieve efficient microfluidic flow tuning.
研究领域:
物理学
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微流控技术
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materiomics
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2024
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IF 8.4
Jie Peng,Jie Jiang,Shuoguo Yuan,Pengfei Hou,Jinbin Wang
Ferroelectric materials are ideal for self-powered sensors in Internet of Things (IoT) and high-precision detection systems due to their excellent polarization properties. Compatibility with miniaturization, high-density systems, and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes is crucial for their widespread adoption. HfO 2 -based ferroelectric films show potential in self-powered pyroelectric sensors as their thinness enables effective temperature and light detection. However, the disordered ferroelectric domain distribution limits their pyroelectric performance and hampers the development of highly integrated self-powered pyroelectric devices. This report investigates the temperature and light detection capabilities of Ce-doped HfO 2 ferroelectric films, which exhibit as-grown spontaneous polarization in the downward direction, making them a promising option for self-powered pyroelectric sensors. The findings provide robust evidence that the introduction of a temperature gradient significantly enhances pyroelectricity. In addition, their applications in the detection of hot/cold wind and breathing have been proved. Notably, the 30 nm thick Ce-doped HfO 2 ferroelectric film has a high pyroelectric coefficient of about 894.7 μC·m −2 ·K −1 and enables high-precision detection of changes in temperature of 0.1 K. This study highlights the potential application of HfO 2 -based ferroelectric films in self-powered sensors with temperature and light detection capabilities, making them a promising candidate for future IoT-based systems and high-precision detection systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
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传感器技术
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物联网
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2017
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IF 7.504
Xinwei Wang,Hong Liu,Feng Zhou,Jeremy Dahan,Xin Wang,Zhengping Li,Wenzhong Shen
Perovskite has been known as a promising novel material for photovoltaics and other fields because of its excellent opto-electric properties and convenient fabrication. However, its stability has been a widely known haunting factor that has severely deteriorated its application in reality. In this work, it has been discovered for the first time that perovskite can become significantly chemically unstable with the existence of a temperature gradient in the system, even at temperature far below its thermal decomposition condition. A study of the detailed mechanism has revealed that the existence of a temperature gradient could induce a mass transport process of extrinsic ionic species into the perovskite layer, which enhances its decomposition process. Moreover, this instability could be effectively suppressed with a reduced temperature gradient by simple structural modification of the device. Further experiments have proved the existence of this phenomenon in different perovskites with various mainstream substrates, indicating the universality of this phenomenon in many previous studies and future research. Hopefully, this work may bring deeper understanding of its formation mechanisms and facilitate the general development of perovskite toward its real application.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光伏技术
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物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
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2025
·
IF 5.8
Baitong Wang,Mingshang Liu,Zide Wu,Xun Liu,Mu Li,Dawei Tang
Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has captured significant interest and the electrolyte material is the key during operating. The present work introduces a series of intermediate temperature perovskite materials regarding of synthesis and characterization method. Corresponding thermophysical properties including thermal diffusivity, specific heat and thermal conductivity were determined at relevant temperature range. The result shows that thermal diffusivity has a stable tendency for the intermediate temperature electrolytes materials; Ba 3 NbMoO 8.5 has the highest specific heat and BaSc 0.8 MoNb 0.2 O 2.8 has the highest thermal conductivity at 873 K. Besides, a 3-D model is established including transient state and steady state. After combining intermediate temperature electrolyte materials with different thermophysical properties, it is found that the maximum temperature gradient and thermal shock exist at switching time ( t = 600 s) and the tendency are controversial for each other. Besides, after comparing different supported structure of SOFC, a systematic selection strategy is provided for IT-SOFC application. Cathode-supported structure SOFC is an ideal choice for long term usage, which has a low temperature gradient; whereas electrolyte-supported structure with Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 electrolyte is beneficial to quick start-up system, which has the lowest thermal shock.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
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2019
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IF 9.518
Peng Huang,Jingwen Wang,Long Jiao,Dandan Gu,Shusen Jiang,Mingpo Li,Wenlong lv,Hong Chen,Hao Pei
The emergence of DNA origami greatly accelerated the development of DNA nanotechnology. A thorough understanding of origami thermodynamics is very important for both fundamental studies and practical applications. These thermodynamic transitions usually take place in several seconds or even less, and are very difficult to monitor by conventional methods. Numerous tests are required to characterize the origami molecule's behaviors at different temperatures, which is very labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this paper, an axially distributed temperature gradient along a capillary was formed in a spatially varying temperature field. In such a temperature gradient, the origami molecule's thermodynamic processes occur and remain stable at every position along the capillary's microchannel . It looks like the time of the thermodynamic process is frozen along the microchannel. With this method, the origami molecule's thermodynamic characteristics at different temperatures can be obtained in a single experiment, and rapid processes can be monitored with ease by conventional methods for an adequate time period at low cost. In order to show its potential abilities, this method has been demonstrated in applications which the origami's assembly, denaturation and strand displacement are carry out in a flowing or stationary solution.
研究领域:
生物物理学
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纳米技术
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 8.5
Xin Liu,Ziwei Zhang,Yujie Chen,Mengzhen Zhong,Yuqing Lei,Jiaying Huo,Lulu Ma,Shugang Li
Egg white protein is widely used in food, chemical, medical and other fields due to its excellent thermal gel properties. However, the regularity of egg white thermal gel (EWTG) by temperature influence is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism of temperature (75–95 °C, 15 min) gradient changes inducing thermal aggregation and gel formation of EWTG. The results showed that changes in textural characteristics and water holding capacity (WHC) of EWTGs depended on switching in protein aggregation morphology (spherical shape - chain shape - regiment shape) and gel network structure differences (“irregular bead-like” - “regular lamellar structure”). In addition, proteomics indicated that the generation of amorphous protein aggregates at 95 °C might be related to Mucin 5B as the aggregation core. The research revealed the EWTG formation from “whole egg white protein” to “single molecules”, aiming to provide a reference for quality control in gel food processing.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Chen Chang,Xin Guan,Panpan Wang,Xingping Zhou,Xiaolin Xie,Yunsheng Ye
The development of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries is dogged not only by severe limitations in cycling and rate performances arising from the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) but also severe degradation under harsh evaluation conditions of high sulfur loading, lean-electrolyte, and prominent thermal gradient . To achieve high performance and safety in Li-S batteries, a flexible and multifunctional integrated interlayer consisting of dual-functional alumina/carbon (Al 2 O 3 /C) nanofiber skeleton and organosilicon (OSi) filler is fabricated. Electrically and thermally conductive nanofibers are continuous and interlaced, enhancing the reutilization of LiPSs and the homogenization of temperature gradient through constructed dual-conductive networks. The interval-filled OSi helps in the diffusion of LiPSs and the absorption and retention of electrolytes, providing significant support to stabilize the Li-S batteries for long-term cycling. As a result, considerable enhancements in cycle stability and rate performance either under a high sulfur loading of ∼5.5 mg cm - 2 , low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) rate of 4 μL mg - 1 , or artificial temperature gradients are achieved for a typical sulfur/carbon black cathode simply by incorporating multifunctional Al 2 O 3 /C@OSi interlayer. The new design and configuration of the interlayer may practically be used in high-energy applications since it can effectively address severe limitations of the current Li-S batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Zheng-Hong Liang,Rui Feng,Jia-Min Wu,Dong Li,Fang Wang,Xiu-Li Wang,Yu-Zhong Wang,Fei Song
Since the global water shortage, fog collection based on functional materials and surfaces has become one of the most potential ways to relieve the crisis. However, further improving the water collection efficiency through elaborate designs of material structures still encounters a bottleneck. Here, we present a temperature gradient-induced strategy for enhancing water collection from fog. Such a temperature modulation generates increases in the fog collection efficiency and surface-refreshing frequency by 25% and 217%, respectively. Scattering measurements show that the movement velocity of fog particles near cooling surfaces is increased by approximately 150%. Based on the theory of heat transfer and thermophoresis, the temperature field acting on fog particles is analyzed, deducing that the enhanced fog-collection performance results from thermophoretic forces generated by temperature gradients. This work offers a new approach for designing next-generation fog-collection devices and manipulating particle motions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2022
·
IF 9.794
Chen Chang,Chengyin Yang,Qiyue Wu,Xuyang Wang,Hui Nie,Xingping Zhou,Xiaolin Xie,Bingjoe Hwang,Yunsheng Ye
Designing an optimum separator configuration that can address severe lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling and uncontrollable Li dendrite growth at the evaluated temperature is imperative for developing a high-performance, reliable, and safe Li–S battery (LSB). Herein, a promising LSB separator design is proposed, which consists of LiPS catalytic layer (LCL) and thermal conductive layer (TCL) fabricated by dual side filtrating the flower-like vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) microspheres and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) nanosheets , respectively. The LCL between the separator and S-cathode as combined LiPS trapper and catalyst significantly improves the redox reaction and sulfur utilization. At the anode/separator interface, the TCL uniforms Li-ion flux and thermal distribution to prevent undesirable Li dendrite growth under the temperature gradient ( TG ) effect. The Janus-type LCL-TCL separator with two parallel functions can achieve synchronous improvements in cathodic and anodic performance in LSB. Consequently, the LSB with Janus-type LCL-TCL separator exhibits excellent cycling stability with an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.036% per cycle over 2000 cycles at 1C and superior rate capability up to 4C. The novel strategy can pave a new way to simultaneously tackle the limitations faced by anode and cathode in LSB.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2023
·
IF 17.6
Quan Zhou,Hongxiong Li,Chunyu Du,Zhenqiang Ye,Lirong Liang,Guangming Chen
Although thermoelectric generators (TEGs) based on organic/inorganic composite films have made great achievements in recent years, rational design of flexible TEGs with tunable in-plane or out-of-plane architecture still remains a great challenge. Herein, flexible films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/single-walled carbon nanotube (PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT) composite with an optimized power factor of 97 ± 2.4 μW m −1 K −2 are prepared by a facile solution mixing, followed by vacuum filtration and sequential solvents post-treatment. The effects of geometric parameters of thermoelectric (TE) legs on the generator output performance were investigated. Subsequently, the designed TEG prototypes, assembled in a "back-to-back" pattern with 5 or 10 p-n couples (TEG-5pn or TEG-10pn), can effectively utilize both in-plane and cross-plane temperature gradients. The out-of-plane TEG-10pn exhibits a higher output power density (337.4 μW cm −2 or 0.069 μW cm −2 K −2 at temperature difference of 70 K). Furthermore, the designed TEGs displayed versatile applications, efficiently achieving heat-to-electricity conversion by harvesting both in-plane and cross-plane temperature gradients induced by hot water in a cylindrical beaker, human body, or a hot plate. This work provides a convenient and practical strategy for the development of film-based TEGs, considering device architecture design, packing density and the geometric parameters of the TE legs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Sustainability
·
2023
·
IF 7.8
Ye Fu,Liubin Li,Shulun Ai,Zhiguang Guo,Weimin Liu
The acquisition of global freshwater resources has always been the direction of people's efforts. At present, metal materials based on special wettability and special structure have become an effective way to collect fog. However, it is still a bottleneck to further improve the water collection efficiency by carefully designing the wettability and special structure of materials. Therefore, we propose to use temperature gradient to enhance fog collection in metal surface. The mechanism of temperature gradient enhancement improves fog collection efficiency by 54 % and surface refresh rate by about 541 %. Further scattering measurements show that the capture time of fog particles at low cooling surface is shortened by about 40 %. Based on the theory of heat transfer and thermophoresis , the temperature gradient around the metal and the behavior of fog particles are analyzed, and it is concluded that the enhancement of fog collection performance on the metal surface can be caused by the temperature gradient caused by thermophoresis force. This work provides ideas for designing better fog collection equipment and materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
热力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）