Mengfei Kong,Yanhui Zhan,Tao Yang,Shuangqing Wang,Xudong Guo,Rui Hu,Yan Qian,Quli Fan,Guoqiang Yang
Threshold temperature sensors are crucial for recording the thermal histories of environments under different scenarios. However, most organic threshold thermometers are not suitable for high-temperature indication due to significant thermo-facilitated emission quenching. Here, a series of ratiometric luminescent high-temperature threshold organic film indicators have been realized by synergetic effects of intramolecular local excited to charge transfer states and disaggregation from excimer to monomer. Varying the polymer matrixes with different glass transition temperatures effectively tunes the threshold sensing temperatures. More importantly, the wide sensing span of the high-temperature region enables the single-sample films (in one kind of polymer matrix) to achieve multiple temperature threshold indications, directed only by multiple naked-eye emission color changes. These drop-casting organic film thermometers indicate great potential in robust and low-cost outdoor applications, as well as large-area and flexible threshold temperature sensing.
The high-temperature corrosion behavior of an AlN/Mo functionally graded material (FGM) under the Li/LiF-LiCl-LiBr vapor has been investigated. It is suggested that the Li vapor diffuses along the AlN and AlN/Mo grain boundaries and enters the interior of adjacent AlN grains, leading to the disintegration of AlN grains and subsequent failures. The 3D Mo networks are barely corroded, thus preventing cracking that may occur due to the inconsistent deformation inside the FGM. This work unravels the high-temperature corrosion mechanisms for the AlN/Mo FGM. Meanwhile, the operating temperature threshold for the liquid metal batteries employing Mo/AlN/Mo seals is determined to be ∼ 600 °C.
Conductive hydrogel-based wearable devices have attracted significant attention for seamless human integration in health monitoring, diagnosis, and human-machine interaction. However, achieving multifunctional epidermal electronics with self-healing, wide-temperature tolerance, and therapeutic capabilities remains challenging. This study presents a PVA-PAA-PDA-DES eutectic hydrogel fabricated via one-pot synthesis, demonstrating 1040% stretchability, tissue adhesion, and high ionic conductivity (1.34 S·m −1 ). The hydrogel exhibits exceptional anti-freezing (−40 °C, 0.14 S·m −1 ) and moisture retention (>0.5 S·m −1 after 30 days) through eutectic network formation. Integrated with AI, it enables precise motion sensing and information transmission, such as with the mobile phone keypad input method for individuals with hearing impairments or speech disorders. Moreover, the system achieves accurate scapulohumeral periarthritis monitoring and timely on-demand thermotherapy, realizing closed-loop pain management. This work highlights the significant potential of eutectic hydrogel-based electronic skin, such as PVA-PAA-PDA-DES, in next-generation wide-temperature range smart healthcare and information transmission applications.
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