SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Yaxing Han,Ji Chen,Yuefeng Deng,Tianchi Liu,Hailian Li,Deqian Li
The current separation technique of ion-adsorption high yttrium (Y) rare earth ore (high-yttrium ore) using 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507) and naphthenic acid (NA) has been confronted with low separation efficiency and high acid consumption. This is a consequence of the low selectivity and the difficulty of complete stripping of heavy rare earths (HREEs). Therefore, an innovative separation technique of high-yttrium ore was proposed. The leachate of high-yttrium ore was firstly divided into Erbium (Er) / Thulium (Tm) groups with P507-isooctanol followed by separating Y (III) from the high Y-enrichment of Er (III) group with sec -octylphenoxy acetic acid (CA12)-tri- n -butyl phosphate (TBP). The basic thermodynamics experiments and cascade extraction simulations were conducted to verify the feasibility of this technology. The results show that P507-15vol% isooctanol is superior to P507 in both stripping ability and separation selectivity of HREEs. The first cascade extraction for Er (III) / Tm (III) grouping with P507-15vol% isooctanol was simulated successfully, reducing acid consumption but obtaining high purity products. In theory, the second cascade extraction simulation designed for separating Y (III) with CA12-TBP could not only improve the separation ability between Y (III) and light rare earths (LREEs) but also shorten the extraction stages and reduce the production costs. All these results revealed that this two-step separation process probably provided a promising application prospect for separating high-yttrium ore.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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稀土化学
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分离科学与技术
·
资源加工工程
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湿法冶金
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萃取分离
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2017
·Vol. 36
·期 3
·304-310
·
IF 2.429
Shengting Kuang,Zhifeng Zhang,Yanling Li,Haiqin Wei,Wuping Liao
The extraction and separation of heavy rare earths (REs) using newly synthesized α-aminophosphonic acid extractant 2-ethylhexyl-3-(2-ethylhexylamino)pentan-3-yl phosphonic acid (HEHAPP, H A ) in n-heptane were investigated from chloride medium. The extraction stoichiometries of lanthanum , gadolinium , yttrium and lutetium are determined to be RE A 3 by the slope analysis method. The favorable separation factors of adjacent heavy REs(Ⅲ), i.e. β Y/Ho , β Er/Y , β Tm/Er , β Yb/Tm and β Lu/Yb , are determined to be 1.87, 1.36, 3.21, 3.22 and 1.93, respectively, when extracted from a binary system at proper condition. The loading capacities of H A for Ho, Er, Yb and Lu increase in the order Ho < Er < Yb < Lu with the values being 0.201, 0.205, 0.216 and 0.229 mol/L, respectively. So H A would be a potential extractant for the separation of heavy REs(Ⅲ). Among inorganic acids such as H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 and HCl, HCl is tested to be the most effective stripping agent.
研究领域:
湿法冶金
·
稀土化学
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分离科学与技术
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无机化学
·
萃取化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 33
·期 9
·e5082
·
IF 3.259
Dongmei He,Li Zeng,Guiqing Zhang,Qinggang Li,Wenjuan Guan,Zuoying Cao,Shengxi Wu
A new compound, α-aminophosphonate derivative containing pyridine ring (PPDE), was designed and synthesized as an extractant for the separation of nickel from metal impurities. Over 94.5% of Ni (II) extraction from sulfuric acid solution was achieved by using PPDE with an equilibrium pH of 4.02. Meanwhile, high separation coefficients of 23.8 for Ni to Co, 84.9 for Ni to Mn, 254.1 for Ni to Ca and 696.7 for Ni to Mg, respectively, were obtained. It was noted that PPDE exhibited an excellent regenerability, and the extraction of Ni with the recycled organic phase ranged from 92.5% to 93.9% during six circulations. The extracted nickel complex was determined as [Ni (PPDE) 2 (DNNSA − ) 2 (H 2 O) 4 ], which was supported by the data obtained from Fourier transform-infrared, UV–Vis and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry spectra.
研究领域:
无机化学
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湿法冶金
·
分离科学
·
配位化学
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环境化学
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资源回收
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.101
Ning Mao,Chun Hui Zhou,John Keeling,Saverio Fiore,Hao Zhang,Liang Chen,Gui Chen Jin,Ting Ting Zhu,Dong Shen Tong,Wei Hua Yu
Dolomite is a widespread carbonate mineral that has been investigated extensively over the past two centuries. Despite the high level of investigation, aspects of the environmental conditions of crystallization, diagenesis and dissolution remain elusive and the transformation of dolomite into other value-added products is still challenging. This work shows a novel, cleaner method to dissolve dolomite by taking advantage of the acidity from the hydrolysis of Lewis acid AlCl 3 and as such the mineral can be efficiently converted into Ca-Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH). The dolomite and the resulting Ca-Mg-Al LDH samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The composition of the products was measured by energy dispersive spectrometer-mapping (EDS-mapping), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Particle sizes of the products were measured by a dynamic light scattering method. It is documented, for the first time, that dissolution of dolomite in AlCl 3 aqueous solution is facilitated by hydrothermal treatment . Well-crystallized Ca-Mg-Al LDH crystals are achieved under (Ca + Mg): Al molar ratio = 1:1, pH = 10.5 via a simple co-precipitation method. The maximum utilization efficiencies of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ from dolomite to LDH are 36.3% and 95.5%, respectively. The possible mechanisms of LDH formation were: 1) the dolomite dissolved in the strong acid solution due to the hydrolysis of AlCl 3 and thus provided Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ; 2) with addition of NaOH, Al 3+ cations precipitated to form Al(OH) 3 (at 8.3 ≤ pH ≤ 9.3) and then part of the Al(OH) 3 reacted with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ to form the Ca-Mg-Al LDH; 3) at pH = 10.5, the Al(OH) 3 was transformed as [AlO(OH)] and meanwhile Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3+ took part in the formation of Ca-Mg-Al LDH; 4) when pH = 10.6, [AlO(OH)] reacted with NaOH to dissolve into [Al(OH) 4 ]− and the [Al(OH) 4 ]− finally co-precipitated with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ to form the Ca-Mg-Al LDH during heating for drying.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
矿物加工
·
无机化学
·
环境地球化学
·
湿法冶金
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Jun-jie Qu,Chang-liu Xiang,Chong Chang,Si-jun Zhu,Tian-xi Huang,Yuan-jian Liu,Xin-bing Xia,Sheng-hai Yang,Chang-hong Wang,Yong-ming Chen
Green methanesulfonic acid (MSA) system offers a promising alternative to the traditional fluosilicic acid (H 2 SiF 6 ) method for lead electro-refining. However, the MSA system has yet to produce efficient electro-refining process, high-quality cathodic lead and stable anodic dissolved layer concurrently, which is crucial for its practical application. Herein, we propose an MSA-based system — enhanced with Lugalvan NES (NES) and calcium lignosulfonate (CL) — for efficient and high-quality lead electro-refining. In both proof-of-concept and separate high-flux flow operations, we achieve a low energy consumption of 73.06 kWh e /t Pb and a high Faradaic efficiency of 99.11 %. Dense deposits with ultra-low grain sizes under 20 nm and high purities of over 99.99 %, and uniform dissolved layers with moderately adhesive anode mud are obtained. Theoretical simulations reveal the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the additives and their adsorption energy on the Pb interface. Electrochemical analysis indicates a cathodic three-dimensional nucleation process and an anodic mechanism of uniform dissolution. A modular micro-kinetics model is developed to elucidate energy performance. These advances represent a significant step forward for lead electro-refining, achieving efficient operation and high-quality output while reducing energy use and surpassing the efficacy of the traditional method.
研究领域:
电化学
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湿法冶金
·
可持续工程
·
材料科学
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2018
·
IF 3.141
Pan Sun,Kun Huang,Weiyuan Song,Zhen Gao,Huizhou Liu
An ionic-liquid-based aqueous two-phase system (iL-ATPS) consisting of an ionic liquid, tributylmethylammonium nitrate (N4441NO3), and NaNO3 aqueous solutions was developed for the extraction and separation of rare-earth ions, for example Nd(III), from transition-metal ions. The excellent selectivity of a green nonfluorinated ionic liquid and the low-viscosity feature of an aqueous two-phase system were combined in our suggested iL-ATPS. The results indicated that efficient separation of Nd(III) from transition-metal ions, Fe(III), Ni(II), and Co(II), could be obtained in our suggested iL-ATPS. Furthermore, different parameters of the separation process, including the concentrations of HNO3 and NaNO3 and the added amount of N4441NO3, were optimized. Notably, the extraction kinetics of Nd(III) could be improved significantly in the present iL-ATPS compared with the conventional organic-solvent-based ionic-liquid extraction systems. The similar environment across the liquid–liquid interface was revealed by the ultralow viscosity and interfacial tension of the ionic-liquid-rich phase in the iL-ATPS. This feature was responsible for the enhanced extraction kinetics of Nd(III). In addition, the structures of the extraction complexes were elucidated by using NMR spectroscopy and molecular simulations. It was demonstrated that NO3– ions were in the inner coordination shell of Nd(III) ions to interact with Nd(III) ions, while N4441+ surrounded Nd(III) ions at the outer coordination shell of Nd(III) ions. Moreover, 2 mol/L HNO3 aqueous solutions could be used to effectively strip Nd(III) from the loaded ionic-liquid-rich phase. After 5 cycles, the extraction performance of the ionic liquid remained nearly unchanged. The present work highlights an environmental method to selectively separate rare-earth ions from the complicated solutions coexisting with other transition-metal impurity ions. It provides a basis for the future application in recycling of rare-earth elements from the spent NdFeB magnets.
研究领域:
环境化学
·
湿法冶金
·
可持续回收
·
分离科学
·
稀土元素
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2018
·
IF 3.12
Yubo Tu,Peiwei Han,Lianqi Wei,Xiaomeng Zhang,Bo Yu,Peng Qian,Shufeng Ye
Large amounts of cyanide tailings are produced during the cyanidation process in gold extraction, which are hazardous solid wastes due to the toxic cyanide. Pyrite is one of the main minerals in cyanide tailings. The removal of cyanide adsorbed on pyrite by H 2 O 2 oxidation under alkaline conditions was investigated in this study. It was found that the removal efficiency was positively correlated with pH from 5 to 12, but remained almost constant when pH was higher than 12. The highest cyanide removal efficiency of 91.10% was achieved by adding no less than 0.6 wt.% of H 2 O 2 . Cyanide removal was positively correlated with the CN − adsorption amount between 1.06 and 8.5 mg/g, and temperature between 25 and 85°C. The removal of cyanide adsorbed on pyrite by H 2 O 2 oxidation under alkaline conditions was due to the oxidation of pyrite. Hexacyanoferrate, thiocyanate and sulfate were generated with mole ratios of about 2.03:1.12:3.17 during the cyanide removal.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
矿物加工
·
废物处理
·
湿法冶金
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）