SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2022
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IF 10.753
Huihui Kang,Xiaona Shang,Munira Abdumutallip,Yunqian Chen,Ling Li,Xiaofei Wang,Chunlin Li,Huiling Ouyang,Xu Tang,Lin Wang,Yinon Rudich,Jianmin Chen
Carbonaceous aerosols (CAs) are major components of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) that dramatically influence the energy budget of Earth. However, accurate assessment of the climatic impacts of CAs is still challenging due to the large uncertainties remaining in the measurement of their optical properties . In this respect, a modified versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system integrated into optical instruments (VACES-OPTS) was set up to increase particle concentration and amplify signal-noise ratio during optical measurement . Based on the novel technique, this study was able to lower the detection limit of CAs by an order of magnitude under high temporal resolution (2 h) and small sampling flow (6 L min −1 ). Besides, stable and reliable optical data were obtained for absorption apportionment and source identification of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC). In the field application of the new system, high absorption coefficient of CAs in Shanghai, China was witnessed. Further analysis of the contribution of black carbon BC and BrC to light absorption revealed that BrC could account for over 15% of the total absorption at 370 nm. According to the potential source contribution function model (PSCF) classification, CAs with strong light absorption in urban Shanghai originated not only from highly polluted inland China but also from active marine ship emissions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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大气科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
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2012
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·942-951
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IF 1.863
Zhong Lifeng,Li Jie,Yan Wen,Tu Xianglin,Huang Weixia,Zhang Xiaohua
Purpose Human exposure to particulate matter emitted from on-road motor vehicles includes complex mixtures of heavy metals from tyres, brakes, part wear, and resuspended road sediment. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of 14 platinum-group and other traffic-related heavy metals in road sediment within the metropolitan area of Guangzhou, China, with a view to identifying their sources and assessing the extent of anthropogenic influence on heavy metal contamination of road sediment. Materials and methods Thirty-five samples of road sediment were collected. The concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, La, Ce, Mo, Cd, Pb, Ba, and Rh were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Pt and Pd were analyzed by isotopic dilution–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical analysis and enrichment factor methods were employed to identify the sources of these heavy metals and to assess anthropogenic influences on their occurrence. Results and discussion The mean concentrations of Pt, Pd, Rh, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, La, Ce, Mo, Cd, Pb, and Ba in the road sediment samples were 68.24, 93.15, 23.85, 147.5, 712.3, 47.24, 177.5, 1254, 47.50, 96.62, 4.91, 3.00, 198.1, and 641.3 ng g −1 , respectively. Very weak to significant linear positive correlations were found among the various heavy metals. The elemental composition of road sediment was dominated by five principal components. Three clusters were identified through cluster analysis, and enrichment factors were calculated relative to soils in China. The sources and degree of contamination of the heavy metals are discussed based on the results. Conclusions The mean concentrations of heavy metals are higher than background values, especially for Pt, Pd, Rh, Cd, and Zn. Four main sources are identified: (1) Pt, Pd, and Rh were derived from traffic sources; (2) La, Ce, Mn, and Ba were derived mainly from natural sources; (3) Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd, and Pb showed mixed traffic-industry sources; and (4) Zn originated mainly from industrial sources. Enrichment factor analysis supported this source identification and further indicated that contamination of road sediment in Guangzhou is extremely high for Pt, Pd, and Rh; moderate to very high for Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Mo; and minimal for Cr, Ni, La, Ce, and Ba.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2023
·Vol. 234
·期 7
·1-17
·
IF 2.9
Xiao Sihua,Wan Jinquan,Wang Yan,Yan Zhicheng,Ma Yongwen,Sun Jian,Tang Min,Cao Jianye,Chen Jinxin
The large-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in developed regions collect volumes of wastewater containing various emerging contaminants (ECs) every day, but without any effective process to eliminate them. Therefore, it is of vital importance to study the occurrence of ECs in the effluents from WWTPs. In this study, the concentration levels and pollution characteristics of typical ECs in effluents were investigated for source identification and risk assessment. In total, 13 of 39 analyzed ECs were detected in the effluents, with the highest detection concentration at 706 µg/L (oxolinic acid). Sulfaphenazole showed the highest detection frequency at 100%, while Liede WWTP (1.2 million m 3 /day), located at Tianhe District, was with the highest detection concentration (899 µg/L) among all sampling sites. Parallel factor analysis was applied to identify the dissolved organic matters (DOMs) of excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMS) first. Based on previous research data, the connection between DOMs and pollution sources could be built. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to determine the correlation between ECs and DOMs. Finally, ecological and health risk quotients were calculated for the risk assessment of ECs. The results illustrated that oxolinic acid, sulfaphenazole, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfadimethoxypyrimidine, penicillin V, and flumequine were potentially discharged from human activities and livestock, poultry, and aquaculture industry; the possible sources of sulfadoxine and nafcillin were agricultural activities, food production, and catering industry; sulfapyridine and erythromycin were believed to come from hospital wastewater; and the discharges of lincomycin, sulfameter, and sulfamerazine were related to petrochemical industry or chemical production activities. Except for sulfadoxine, all detected ECs posed a high or median risk on aquatic ecosystem, which is enough to threaten aquatic organisms. Even though only oxolinic acid, sulfaquinoxaline, and sulfadimethoxypyrimidine presented a potential risk on humans’ health, the cumulative effect of ECs in the human body still needs attention. The threats of ECs from large-scale WWTPs in China’s developed regions are pointed out for the first time, which could possibly bring widespread attention on emerging pollution from WWTP effluents, potentially advance the introduction of relevant policies, and provide the direction and target pollutants for follow-up mitigation actions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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生态学
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公共卫生
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 6.986
Caiming Tang,Jianhua Tan,Caixing Tang,Deyun Liu,Peilin Zhang,Xianzhi Peng
Distributions of chlorine isotopologues are potentially a fingerprint feature of organochlorines. However, the exact distributions remain little known. This study measured compound-specific chlorine isotopologue distributions of six polychlorinated organic compounds (POCs) for source identification. Complete chlorine isotopologues of POCs were detected by gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. The measured relative abundances (Ameas), theoretical relative abundances (Atheo), and relative variations between Ameas and Atheo (ΔA) of chlorine isotopologues were determined. These ΔA values were applied to characterize differences in isotopologue distribution patterns, and the ΔA patterns directly illustrated the distribution characteristics. Perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) from two manufacturers were chosen as model analytes to develop and validate the analytical method, including precision, concentration dependency, and temporal drift. The ΔA values of isotopologues of the PCE and TCE chemicals were from −82.5 to 19.9‰ with standard deviations (SDs) of 0.3–16.9‰. In addition, the ΔA values of the first three isotopologues (with 0–2 37Cl atoms) were from −15.5 to 19.9‰ with SDs of 0.3–1.6‰, showing sufficient precisions. No concentration dependency and temporal drift of ΔA were observed. The method has been successfully applied to source identification for PCE and TCE in commercial chemicals and plastic materials, and four polychlorinated biphenyls in chemicals and sediments, demonstrating that the ΔA values and ΔA patterns were discernable for POCs from different sources. This study demonstrates that compound-specific chlorine isotopologue distributions of POCs are differentiable and measurable, proposing a novel approach to perform fingerprinting analysis for the distributions, which is anticipated to facilitate source identification for organochlorine pollutants.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 19
·12547
·
IF 4.614
Nan Wang,Zhengwu Cui,Yang Wang,Jingjing Zhang
In this study, eleven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fresh vegetables in the Changchun suburb were investigated, and their potential health risks were evaluated. The average concentrations of OCPs in edible parts of vegetables were found in the following descending order: Σhexachlorocyclohexanes (ΣHCHs) (6.60 µg·kg−1) > Σdichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (ΣDDTs) (5.82 µg·kg−1) > ΣChlordanes (2.37 µg·kg−1) > heptachlor (0.29 µg·kg−1). Moreover, OCPs in different types of vegetables exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs), and the exceeding rates in various vegetables decreased in the following order: leafy vegetables (19.12%) > root vegetables (18.75%) > fruit vegetables (3.85%). The proportions of OCPs exceeding MRL in different vegetables were found in the following descending order: Welsh onion (22.50%) > radish (18.75%) > Chinese cabbage (14.29%) > pepper (6.90%) > cucumber (3.23%) > eggplant (2.94%) > tomato (2.78%). The sources’ identification results showed that DDTs in vegetables came mainly from newly imported technical DDTs and dicofol, while HCHs originated mainly from lindane. For both adults and children, the average target hazard quotients (avg. THQ) were all less than 1, and the average hazard index (avg. HI) values were 0.043 and 0.036, respectively. There were no significant health risks associated with OCP exposure for the inhabitants of the study area.Keywords:suburban vegetables;organochlorine pesticides;maximum residue limit (MRL);sources identification;target hazard quotient (THQ)
研究领域:
环境科学
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食品安全
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）