Membranes
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·225
·
IF 4.2
Yubo Xu,Long-Fei Ren,Jun Li,Chengyi Wang,Yangbo Qiu,Jiahui Shao,Yiliang He
Membrane distillation (MD) is attractive for water reclamation due to the fact of its unique characteristics. However, membrane wetting becomes an obstacle to its further application. In this paper, a novel hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVDF/PVP) membrane was fabricated by electrospinning and solvothermal treatment. The electrospun membranes prepared by electrospinning showed a multilevel interconnected nanofibrous structure. Then, a solvothermal treatment introduced the micro/nanostructure to the membrane with high roughness (Ra= 598 nm), thereby the water contact angle of the membrane increased to 158.3 ± 2.2°. Owing to the superior hydrophobicity, the membrane presented high resistance to wetting in both NaCl and SDS solutions. Compared to the pristine PVDF membrane, which showed wetting with a flux decline (120 min for 0.05 mM surfactant solution treatment), the prepared membrane showed outstanding stability over 600 min, even in 0.2 mM surfactant solutions. These results confirm a simple method for anti-wetting hydrophobic membrane preparation, which presented universal significance to direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for industrial application.Keywords:membrane distillation;membrane wetting;electrospinning;solvothermal treatment
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NATURE
·
2020
·Vol. 586
·期 7829
·390-394
·
IF 42.779
Peng Jian,Chen Bili,Wang Zhichang,Guo Jing,Wu Binghui,Hao Shuqiang,Zhang Qinghua,Gu Lin,Zhou Qin,Liu Zhi,Hong Shuqin,You Sifan,Fu Ang,Shi Zaifa,Xie Hao,Cao Duanyun,Lin Chang-Jian,Fu Gang,Zheng Lan-Sun,Jiang Ying,Zheng Nanfeng
Owing to its high thermal and electrical conductivities, its ductility and its overall non-toxicity 1 , 2 , 3 , copper is widely used in daily applications and in industry, particularly in anti-oxidation technologies. However, many widespread anti-oxidation techniques, such as alloying and electroplating 1 , 2 , often degrade some physical properties (for example, thermal and electrical conductivities and colour) and introduce harmful elements such as chromium and nickel. Although efforts have been made to develop surface passivation technologies using organic molecules, inorganic materials or carbon-based materials as oxidation inhibitors 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , their large-scale application has had limited success. We have previously reported the solvothermal synthesis of highly air-stable copper nanosheets using formate as a reducing agent 13 . Here we report that a solvothermal treatment of copper in the presence of sodium formate leads to crystallographic reconstruction of the copper surface and formation of an ultrathin surface coordination layer. We reveal that the surface modification does not affect the electrical or thermal conductivities of the bulk copper, but introduces high oxidation resistance in air, salt spray and alkaline conditions. We also develop a rapid room-temperature electrochemical synthesis protocol, with the resulting materials demonstrating similarly strong passivation performance. We further improve the oxidation resistance of the copper surfaces by introducing alkanethiol ligands to coordinate with steps or defect sites that are not protected by the passivation layer. We demonstrate that the mild treatment conditions make this technology applicable to the preparation of air-stable copper materials in different forms, including foils, nanowires, nanoparticles and bulk pastes. We expect that the technology developed in this work will help to expand the industrial applications of copper.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Chengyi Lu,Silun Luo,Yuhan Li,Juchen Li,Wentao Zhang,Jianlong Wang
Current problems of existing heavy metal-removing technologies, especially for nanomaterials-based ones, are typically single metal ion-specific, high-cost and collected difficult. Herein, facile modification of commercial sulfur creates a versatile adsorbent platform to address challenges. The versatile adsorbent can be easily prepared through solvothermal treatment of a saturated commercial sulfur solution, followed by water precipitation on a commercial foam that eliminates the need for separation. Interestingly, the solvothermal treatment endows the resulting nanosulfur with sulfate acid groups (hard Lewis base), sulfur anions (soft base), and sulfite groups (borderline base), promising the coordination of all types of heavy metal ions (Lewis acids). As such, this versatile adsorbent with well-distributed adsorption sites exhibits highly effective heavy metal adsorption capacity towards diverse heavy metal ions for both single-component and multi-component adsorption, including soft, hard, borderline Lewis metal ions, with ultra-high adsorption ability (e.g., 903.79 mg g −1 for Cu 2+ ). These findings highlighted the potential of this low-cost sulfur-based adsorbent to address the arising challenges in ensuring clean water.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）