Small
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 35
·2401622
·
IF 13
Jian Zou,Xin Jing,Shitao Li,Peiyong Feng,Yi Chen,Yuejun Liu
Single-network hydrogels are often too fragile to withstand mechanical loading, whereas double-network hydrogels typically exhibit significant hysteresis during cyclic stretching-releasing process due to the presence of a sacrificial network. Consequently, it is a considerable challenge for designing hydrogels that are both low in hysteresis and high in toughness for applications requiring dynamic mechanical loads. Herein, the study introduced a novel “sliding tangle island” strategy for creating tough and low-hysteresis hydrogels, which are prepared through in situ polymerization of highly concentrated acrylamides (AM) to form numerous entanglements within the MXene spacing without any chemical crosslinker. The MXene entangled with long polyacrylamide (PAM) chains to form tangle island that served as a relay station to transmit stress to neighboring molecular chains. This mechanism helps alleviate stress concentration and enhances energy dissipation efficiency, thereby reducing mechanical hysteresis. The resulting hydrogel exhibited exceptional properties, including high stretchability (≈900%), low hysteresis (less than 7%), high toughness (1.34 MJ m −3 ), and excellent sensing performance to rival the commercial hydrogel electrode. Therefore, this work sheds light on feasible design of energy dissipation structure to reduce the hysteresis of the composite hydrogels.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Gels
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·369
·
IF 5.3
Limei Zhang,Hong Li,Zhiquan Li,Weimin Pan,Yi Men,Niankun Zhang,Jing Xu,Xuewei Liu
As conductive materials, ionogels have attracted significant attention for their potential applications in flexible wearable electronics. However, preparing an ionogel with mechanical properties akin to human skin while also achieving transparency, adhesion, and low hysteresis through simple processes remains challenging. Here, we introduce a multifunctional ionogel synthesized via a one-step photopolymerization method. By leveraging the good compatibility between the ionic liquid and the polymer network, as well as the hydrogen bonding and chemical crosslinking within the gel network, we achieved an ionogel with high transparency (>98%), stretchability (fracture strain of 19), low hysteresis (<5.83%), strong adhesion, robust mechanical stability, excellent electrical properties, a wide operating temperature range, and a tunable modulus (1–103 kPa) that matches human skin. When used as a conductor in soft actuators, the ionogel enabled a large area strain of 36% and a fast electromechanical conversion time of less than 1 s. The actuator demonstrated good actuation performance with voltage and frequency dependence, electrochemical stability, and outstanding durability over millions of cycles. This study provides a simple and effective method to produce multifunctional ionogels with tailored mechanical properties that match those of human skin, paving the way for their application in flexible wearable electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
柔性电子
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 13
·10864-10874
·
IF 2.324
Shao Zhi,Zhuang Zhuang,Lin Haidan,Zhao Chengji
Here, a series of novel poly(ether ether ketone) containing sulfoalkylamine pendant groups (SNPEEK- x ) were synthesized by grafting copolymerization reaction. The chemical structure of SNPEEK- x was identified by 1 H NMR and the morphology of all films was measured by SAXS and TEM. The impedance varied for five orders of magnitude (from 10 7 to 10 2 Ω) as the relative humidity increasing from 11 to 97% RH. At the same time, all samples exhibited a fast response time of less than 3 s, outstanding repeatability and good long-term durability against high humidity. Especially, SNPEEK- x sensors displayed an extremely small humidity hysteresis in the impedance versus RH relationship during absorption and desorption processes. These essential properties of humidity sensors such as the impedance at various humidity, sensitivity, linearity and humidity hysteresis revealed that SNPEEK- x are suitable to be used as humidity sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Shengping Dai,Jingping Yao,Yixin Zhang,jinhua Cai,Jiaxin Zou,Huixian Ye,Yan Sui,Jingning Ding,Guanggui Cheng
Research on conductive elastomer with low hysteresis holds significant scientific importance for accelerating technological development of stable sensing electronic skin. Traditional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel is weak in mechanical properties and has serious hysteresis, which hampers its applications as tensile consecutive cycle sensors. Here, a covalent cross-linking network of PVA hydrogel was constructed through a condensation reaction by PVA and dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea (2d resin). On the other hand, a dynamic cross-linking network of PVA hydrogel was formed by the two-step reaction of borax with PVA, which acts as a sacrificial bond to dissipate energy during the loading-unloading process. In brief, the introduction of dual chemical cross-linking structure can adjust the mechanical properties of hydrogels (PVA/2d DN) in the range of 623–954 % and 35–86 kPa, with low hysteresis (residual strains of 4.13 % at 0–500 %), and fatigue resistance. The PVA/2d DN hydrogel was used as resistance strain sensor, capacitive pressure sensor, and triboelectric self-power sensor, which showed low detection limit, high sensitivity, and cycle stability. It has a wide application in human motion monitoring and metal recognition, etc. This work provided a versatile and effective way to design PVA hydrogel with high tensile strength and low hysteresis.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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传感技术
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电子皮肤
·
力学性能
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DOI
高影响因子
Small Methods
·
2025
·Vol. 9
·期 9
·e00219
·
IF 9.1
Fu Fan,Lei Chen,Yihan Ma,Pengshuai Wang,Xiaoqian Dong,Feifeng Huang,Yuan Niu,Yu Zhou,Zhiwen Shu,Jianfei Xie,Bo Feng
Human skin functions not only as a barrier but also as a sensitive interface responding to environmental stimuli. Skin-attachable conductive materials are gaining increasingly attention in the field of on-skin electronics for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces (HMIs). However, achieving both low modulus and low hysteresis in skin-attachable conductive materials remains challenging. Herein, a skin-like transparent, low-hysteresis, and highly conductive ionogel for human motion monitoring and deep-learning assisted human-machine interface is introduced. The ionogel demonstrates low modulus (5.08 kPa), superior transparency (>92% in the visible range), low hysteresis (<3%), super adhesive and outstanding conductivity (up to 0.86 S/m at 20 °C). The ionogel based sensors demonstrate outstanding sensing sensitivity for human motion monitoring and biopotential detecting. In addition, the ionogel can be integrated in an HMI for handwriting recognition. The 1D-ResNet algorithm is developed for handwriting recognition, achieving an accuracy of 98.13%. It is believe that the ionogels with both low modulus and low hysteresis have great potential for wearable electronics in healthcare monitoring and HMIs in the future.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Gels
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·734
·
IF 5.3
Lihan Rong,Jiajiang Xie,Shigao Zhou,Tianqi Guan,Xinyi Fan,Wenjie Zhi,Rui Zhou,Feng Li,Yuyan Liu,Tingting Tang,Xiang Chen,Liyuan Zhang
The scalable fabrication of hydrogels with high toughness and low hysteresis is critically hindered by oxygen inhibition, which typically produces brittle, highly crosslinked (HC) networks. This study presents an oxygen-tolerant photoinduced electron transfer–reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) strategy for synthesizing highly entangled (HE) polyacrylamide hydrogels under open-vessel conditions. By optimizing the water-to-monomer ratio (W = 3.9) and introducing lithium chloride (LiCl) for spatial confinement, we achieved a fundamental shift in mechanical performance. The optimized HE hydrogel exhibited a fracture energy of 1.39 MJ/m3and a fracture strain of ~900%, starkly contrasting the brittle failure of the HC control (W = 20, C = 10−2) at ~50% strain. This represents an order-of-magnitude improvement in deformability. Furthermore, the incorporation of 15 wt% LiCl amplified the HE hydrogel’s fracture energy to 2.17 MJ/m3while maintaining its low hysteresis. This method enables the rapid, scalable production of robust, transparent thin films that exhibit dual passive cooling via radiative emission (>89% emissivity) and evaporation, rapid self-healing, and reliable strain sensing at temperatures as low as −20 °C. The synergy of entanglement design and confinement engineering establishes a versatile platform for manufacturing multifunctional hydrogels that vastly outperform their crosslink-dominated predecessors.
研究领域:
高分子科学
·
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
软物质物理
·
功能材料
·
环境能源材料
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 19
Mengyao Chen,Wenjing Qin,Yanli Wang,Hanlin Zhai,Changshun Gu,Xiangchuan Zhao,Ying Bi,Yixin Xu,Zeyu Ming,Shengrong Li,Shu Hu,Xingyue Zhang,Xiaoye Ma,Shougen Yin
The synergistic optimization of high strength, strong adhesion, high conductivity, and rapid self-healing in hydrogels faces fundamental challenges arising from conflicting mechanisms. Herein, a 3D-printed, ionically conductive interpenetrating double-network hydrogel based on poly (acrylic acid) (PAAc) is developed via the innovative introduction of dynamic Na⁺ bridges. This molecular design enables a unique dual mechanism: the Na⁺ ions not only form reversible ionic bonds that accelerate chain diffusion through bond rupture-recombination but also create an electrostatic shielding effect in the covalent network, which promotes chain extension to improve mechanical strength without sacrificing dynamic properties. Furthermore, Na⁺ ions regulate bound/free water states and reduces energy dissipation during topological rearrangement. These synergistic mechanisms collectively enable the hydrogel to overcome conventional performance trade-offs. The resulting material concurrently enhances mechanical properties (300 kPa tensile, 1.2 MPa compressive strength), adhesion (160 kPa), and self-healing (>90% recovery in 1 h). Biomimetic devices such as an underwater octopus-tentacle gripper, biomimetic crawling suckers, and pressure sensors are fabricated. By integrating hydrogels with 1D convolutional neural network algorithms, a real-time motion behavior recognition system is further developed. The multi-property cooperative design strategy offers a new pathway for the application of intelligent hydrogel materials in soft robotics and flexible electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
软体机器人
·
柔性电子学
·
水凝胶工程
·
离子导体
·
生物医学器件
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.879
Yikun Liu,Meili Xia,Yunlong Zhou,Ruliang Zhang,Yang Li,Duxia Cao,Yongju Gao,Songfang Zhao,Jong-Hyun Ahn
Recently, wearable piezoresistive tactile sensors have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential applications, ranging from electronic skin to human-machine interaction. However, it is still difficult to mitigate the trade-off between sensitivity and linearity. Inspired by the hierarchical and gradient structures in natural systems, a versatile resistive pressure-sensing platform with controllable stress transfer and contact areas was fabricated by designing gradient styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) sponges followed by the deposition of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and polypyrrole (PPy). The gradient porous structures accompanied by gradient stiffness and conductivity enabled the external force to be efficiently transferred and localized to the sensing areas. Furthermore, the structures enabled a controllable response to the external stress via the gradual activation of electron pathways . These synergistic effects enabled the bioinspired tactile sensors to possess excellent sensing performance, which is demonstrated by large sensing range (∼80%), large linear range (∼72%), high sensitivity (∼1.07), low hysteresis behavior (7.66%), fast response time (177 ms), and excellent durability (more than 1100 cycles). Important applications of tactile sensors, including wrist-pulse-signal detection, speech recognition, finger bending, and tactile interfaces, have been successfully demonstrated. This conceptually simple but powerful approach can be applied to other nanomaterial systems to develop next-generation electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器与传感技术
·
可穿戴电子学
·
仿生工程
·
纳米材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）