ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Yongtang Chen,Xueyan Li,Junshuo Lian,Kang Fu,Zhongxi Zhao,Yi He,Peng Tan
Aqueous rechargeable batteries are regarded as one of the most reliable solutions for electrochemical energy storage, and ion (e.g., H+ or OH–) transport is essential for their electrochemical performance. However, modeling and numerical simulations often fall short of depicting the actual ion transport characteristics due to deviations in model assumptions from reality. Experimental methods, including laser interferometry, Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, are limited by the complexity of the system and the restricted detection of ions, making it difficult to detect specific ions such as H+ and OH–. Herein, in situ visualization of ion transport is achieved by innovatively introducing laser scanning confocal microscopy. Taking neutral Zn–air batteries as an example and using a pH-sensitive probe, real-time dynamic pH changes associated with ion transport processes are observed during battery operation. The results show that after immersion in the zinc sulfate electrolyte, the pH near the Zn electrode changes significantly and pulsation occurs, which demonstrates the intense self-corrosion hydrogen evolution reaction and the periodic change in the reaction intensity. In contrast, the change in the pH of the galvanized electrode plate is weak, proving its significant corrosion inhibition effect. For the air electrode, the heterogeneity of ion transport during the discharging and charging process is presented. With an increase of the current density, the ion transport characteristics gradually evolve from diffusion dominance to convection-diffusion codominance, revealing the importance of convection in the ion transport process inside batteries. This method opens up a new approach of studying ion transport inside batteries, guiding the design for performance enhancement.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 12
·7052-7059
·
IF 3.108
Ai Hongru,Li Xiangqin,Shi Shuyan,Zhang Ying,Liu Tianqing
The Wenzel roughness factor r is one of the most important parameters to characterize a super-hydrophobic surface. In this study, in order to prove the feasibility of using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) to measure the roughness factor r, the detected r values by LSCM on texture-regular surfaces were compared with those calculated firstly, and then the r values measured by LSCM for texture-irregular rough surfaces were compared with those measured by AFM. The results show that the r values of texture-regular surfaces measured by LSCM are close to those calculated, and the LSCM measured r values of texture-irregular surfaces with small roughness are consistent with those measured by AFM. Moreover, the r values of texture-irregular surfaces with large roughness can only be measured by LSCM, the detected r values of three such super-hydrophobic surfaces are 2.13 ± 0.01, 2.12 ± 0.01 and 2.13 ± 0.02, respectively. In addition, it is proved that the r measured by LSCM as a line length ratio is equal to the original definition of roughness factor as the ratio of actual area of solid surface to the horizontal projected area. Consequently, it is reliable to measure the r value of a texture-irregular surface with large roughness in micro or submicro scale by LSCM.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 84
·53578-53586
·
IF 3.108
Min Liu,Ming Kang,Yongren Mou,Kexu Chen,Rong Sun
Most of the present studies of filler network structure basically stay in some phenomenological descriptions and classical electron microscopes are restricted by conventional 2-D imaging. This paper completed the visualization of filler networks in silica-reinforced silicone rubber (MVQ). Using a special network visualization technique based on fluorescent markers embedded in silica and Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscopy with an optical lateral resolution of about 200 nm, insights into the precise 3-D morphology and detailed micro-structure of filler networks were gained. A kind of sensitized-silica phosphor was prepared, with the excitation wavelength of 405 nm, which is consistent with the laser wavelength of Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscopy. Combining Image J software and tensile measurements, shapes, network structures, size distributions of aggregates in the silicone rubber matrix with silica loading from 10 to 60 phr were directly observed and the loading threshold for the formation of filler network in this experiment was obtained.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
显微技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 32
·期 8
·2107598
·
IF 18.808
Da Zhang,Qing-Shuang Li,Zi-Xuan Liang,Xia-Chao Chen,Junran Hao,Juming Yao,Chun-Xin Lu,Yahong Zhou,Lei Jiang
Although many methods have been developed to create porous structures within polyelectrolyte films, it remains a challenge to conveniently define the spatial distribution of these structures. Herein, a simple, universal strategy with a high flexibility in programming porous regions throughout polyelectrolyte films is reported. This strategy is performed with the aid of laser scanning and the emergence of porous regions precisely tails after the moving path of laser beams. Quite different from previous strategies, the pore-forming mechanism relies on laser-triggered generation of gas to foam the films, which can be regulated by the content of photo-sensitive groups, the intensity of laser beams, and the supramolecular interactions between polyelectrolyte chains. A prerequisite to succeed the foaming of polyelectrolyte films is to irradiate them under water, where the mobility of polyelectrolytes is activated to accommodate the pore formation within the films. Although many pore-forming mechanisms involve aqueous systems, the porous structures here can be well preserved during drying procedures, which is hardly realized for conventional methods due to the formation of capillary pressure. The resulting polyelectrolyte films with patterned porosity can be quite useful in many fields, including but not limited to information display, surface wettability, and cell behavior manipulation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 139
·期 3
·51522
·
IF 3.125
Cancan Chen,Linghui Sun,Xiangui Liu
The properties of polyacrylamide for oil displacement are determined by the microstructure. Optimizing the method of studying the microstructure of polyacrylamide is convenient to screen out the oil displacement polymer with better performance in practice. In this paper, the effects of the degree of hydrolysis on the macroscopic viscosity and micromolecular morphology of polyacrylamide were investigated by using a new method of laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cryo-etching transmission electron microscopy. In the experiment, the influence of alkali content on the dynamic viscosity and micromorphology of the solution was eliminated by the innovative method of dialysis and alkali removal, which ensured the degree of hydrolysis as a single variable. The results show that the dynamic viscosity is less affected by the degree of hydrolysis macroscopically. With the increase of the degree of hydrolysis, the streamline structure of the molecule changed from coarse branched cluster to fluffy line. The chances of intermolecular entanglement are increased during the transformation process, which makes the microstructure characteristics agree with the results that the viscosity changes slightly with the degree of hydrolysis after alkali removal.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Yitong Pang,Fengyi Wang,Guoying Mei,Ao Fu,Ke Pei
Water shortage has emerged as a significant worldwide issue as a result of the frequency of extreme weather events like storms, droughts and climate warming. One possible way to address the world's freshwater deficit is to effectively extract freshwater from water mist. In this work, a series of biomimetic superhydrophobic-hydrophilic patterned zinc materials for mist collection was designed via mold pressing, anodic oxidation and laser-scanning methods. The fog collector is able to capture droplets efficiently and transport water quickly due to its unique array structure. The patterned superhydrophobic-hydrophilic zinc surface contained the highest water mist collection efficiency of about 10.89 g·m −2 ·s −1 , which is 75 % higher than the original zinc sheet. The surface structure, chemical composition of the superwetting zinc materials were investigated by FT-IR, XPS, FESEM and EDS, respectively. In addition, the mechanical robustness, weather ability and enhancing mechanism of the prepared superwetting zinc surfaces were investigated via UV exposure, multiple thermal/cold cycles and sandpaper abrasion treatment. The good collecting efficiency from water mist of the obtained functional surfaces may provide ideas for the future design of mist collection materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Sara Shamim,Zhenting Wu,Yuling Tang,Jingru Jia,Chunju Liu,Haiou Wang,Fangcheng Zheng,Long Ba
This study investigated the transformations of lemon flavedo tissues during freeze-drying based on high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography ( μ- CT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Contrast-enhanced segmentation, traversal statistic algorithmic analysis, and 3D visualization of lemon peel texture are studied. To avoid pseudo-imaging caused by precipitation of contrast enhancer, low concentration cesium iodide was used to improve X-ray contrast and decrease enlarged inter-cellular region. X-ray μ-CT showed the precipitation of contrast enhancers at the intercellular boundary after freeze-drying. The grayscale thresholding method was presented as the most suitable segmentation method for detecting cell walls due to the high noise level caused by low contrast enhancer concentration in the reconstructed images. The faster water loss at the primary drying stage caused the disintegration of oil glands and induced high porosity of 0.7 % in fresh to 0.84 % in 0.5 h freeze-dried. The results suggest that noise filtering based on voxel statistics provides an efficient approach for the inter and intra-cellular microstructural analysis of excessively watery plant tissues with low contrast enhancer concentration.
研究领域:
植物学
·
食品科学
·
显微成像技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Pharmaceutics-X
·
2019
·
IF 0
Xiao-Qian Niu,Dan-Ping Zhang,Qiong Bian,Xing-Fu Feng,Hao Li,Yue-Feng Rao,Yong-Mei Shen,Fu-Neng Geng,An-Ran Yuan,Xiao-Ying Ying,Jian-Qing Gao
Ethosomes are widely used to promote transdermal permeation of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs, but the mechanism of interaction between the ethosomes and the skin remains unclear. In this work, it was exploded with several technologies and facilities. Firstly, physical techniques such as attenuated total reflectance fourier-transform infrared and laser confocal Raman were used and the results indicated that the phospholipids configuration of stratum corneum changes from steady state to unstable state with the treatment of ethosomes. Differential scanning calorimetry reflected the thermodynamics change in stratum corneum after treatment with ethosomes. The results revealed that the skin of Bama mini-pigs, which is similar to human skin, treated by ethosomes had a relatively low T m and enthalpy. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the microstructure and ultrastructure of stratum corneum was not damaged by ethosomes treatment. Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that lipid labeled ethosomes could penetrate the skin via stratum corneum mainly through intercellular route, while during the process of penetration, phospholipids were retained in the upper epidermis. Cell experiments confirmed that ethosomes were distributed mainly on the cell membrane. Further study showed that only the drug-loaded ethosomes increased the amount of permeated drug. The current study, for the first time, elucidated the mechanistic behavior of ethosomes in transdermal application from molecular configuration, thermodynamic properties, ultrastructure, fluorescent labeling and cellular study. It is anticipated that the approaches and results described in the present study will benefit for better design of drug-loaded ethosomes.
研究领域:
药剂学
·
生物物理学
·
皮肤病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 15
·3314
·
IF 5
Qian Hu,Jindan Wu,Zhiqiang Qin,Xuanxiang Wei,Chenchen Jiang,Minghua Wu,Deyou Yu,Jiping Wang
Detergency determination for single polymeric fibers is of significant importance to screening effective detergents for laundry, but remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a novel and effective method to quantify the detergency for single polymeric fibers using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). It was applied to visualize the oil-removing process of single polymeric fibers and thus assess the detergency of various detergents. Four typical surfactants were selected for comparison, and a compounded detergent containing multiple components (e.g., anionic and nonionic surfactants, enzymes) was demonstrated to be the most effective and powerful soil-removing detergent because more than 50% of oil on the cotton fiber could be easily removed. Moreover, the oil removal process of three kinds of fibers (i.e., cotton, viscose, and polyester) was imaged and monitored by confocal microscopy. It was found that the percentage of the detergency of a single polyester fiber exceeded 70%, which is much higher than that of cotton and viscose fibers (~50%), which may be due to its relatively smooth surface. Compared to traditional methods, the CLSM imaging method is more feasible and effective to determine the detergency of detergents for single polymeric fibers.Keywords:confocal laser scanning microscope;single polymeric fiber;detergency;fluorescence intensity;oil removal
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Structure-Netherlands
·
2022
·
IF 4.551
Chen Chen,Dan Li,Jingwen Li,Xuemei Chen,Wei Wei,Xingguo Wang
This work demonstrates the use of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) for direct measurement of the microstructure and biomolecules mobility of human milk fat globules (HMFGs). In particular, five fluorescent probes (three types), Nile Red, Rh-DOPE, NBD-PC, NBD-SM, and Nile Blue, were evaluated in a Confocal scanning laser microscope combined with FRAP for the detection of the molecular diffusion of neutral lipids, polar lipids and membrane proteins in HMFGs. Mobile fraction ( M f ), half-life recovery time ( t 1/2 ) and diffusion coefficient (K) were calculated from the FRAP recovery curve of five fluorescent molecules. The M f of fluorescent probes labeled neutral lipids, polar lipids, membrane proteins, phosphatidylcholine , sphingomyelin, and on HMFGs were 63%, 18%, 45%, 28% and 5%, respectively. The recovery times of fluorescent molecules labeled with membrane biomolecules were longer as the size of the milk fat globules decreased and the photobleaching area increased. This method was applied to the HMFG membrane cytoplasmic remnants (CR) region showing a similar trend and much higher fluorescence intensity to the membrane region, which suggests that CR might contain multiple layers of membrane lipids.
研究领域:
生物物理学
·
食品科学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 1.755
Xiangmeng Lv,Ming Kang,Kexu Chen,Lu Yuan,Simin Shen,Rong Sun,Lixian Song
The dispersion states of fillers in the polymer matrix is an important factor to determine the properties of the polymer composites. Mastering the dispersion structure of inorganic minerals such as calcium carbonate in the polymer matrix is of great significance for the design of high performant polymer composites. Currently, due to the limitations of conventional electron microscope imaging capabilities, it is difficult to understand the internal dispersion structure of fillers in polymer composites comprehensively, regionally and stereoscopically. Here, we successfully embed the rare earth complex into the silica of the calcium carbonate surface to realize the fluorescent labeling of the calcium carbonate fillers. The fluorescent calcium carbonate exhibited broad excitation band ranging from 220 nm to 440 nm and showed bright red under ultraviolet light (365 nm). The two-dimensional dispersion states of the fillers at different depths in the polymer composite were obtained by the fluorescent imaging ability of laser scanning confocal microscope; these two-dimensional confocal images were further three-dimensionally reconstructed through Avizo Fire VSG software, and the spatial distribution of fillers in polymer composite was obtained without damage. This characterization method provides a new noninvasive method for studying the dispersion structure of fillers in polymers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 6.475
Zheng Wan,Huiping Xia,Shiyin Guo,Chaoxi Zeng
In this study, stable water-in-oil emulsions stabilized solely by a naturally occurring steroidal sapogenin was reported for the first time. The results show that a concentrated emulsion with an internal water ratio of up to 60% can be obtained with only 3% of diosgenin concentration. The concentration of diosgenin had a significant effect on the microstructure and rheological properties of the emulsions. More importantly, the emulsion has excellent freeze/thaw stability and thermal stability. The results of polarized light microscopy, CLSM, and XRD indicate that the great structural properties and high stability of the emulsion can be attributed to the combined action of the diosgenin crystal shells on the droplet surface and needle-crystals in the continuous phase. That is, Pickering stabilization and network stabilization acting synergistically on stabilization of the emulsions. This novel food grade water-in-oil emulsions demonstrated great potential for application in food and biomedical-related fields.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）