Journal of Integrative Medicine-JIM
·
2021
·
IF 3.034
Yue-jiao Shi,Hua-xian Zheng,Zhu-ping Hong,Han-bo Wang,Ying Wang,Ming-yan Li,Zhen-Hao Li
Objective Ganoderma lucidum spore (GLS) is gaining recognition as a medicinal part of G. lucidum and has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, such as antitumor activity . In this work, wall-broken GLS powder (BGLSP) and wall-removed GLS powder (RGLSP), two kinds of GLS powder with different manufacturing techniques, were compared in terms of contents of active constituents and in vivo and in vitro antitumor effects. Methods The ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry method was used to determine the contents of polysaccharides and total triterpenoids in BGLSP and RGLSP. Seventeen individual triterpenoids were further quantified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker. The antitumor effects of BGLSP and RGLSP were evaluated using in vitro cell viability assay against human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901, lung carcinoma A549 and lymphoma Ramos and further validated by in vivo zebrafish xenograft models with transplanted SGC-7901, A549 and Ramos. Results The results showed that the contents of polysaccharides, total triterpenoids and individual triterpenoids of RGLSP were significantly higher than those of BGLSP. Although both BGLSP and RGLSP inhibited the three tumor cell lines in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, the inhibitory effects of RGLSP were much better than those of BGLSP. In the in vivo zebrafish assay, RGLSP exhibited more potent inhibitory activities against tumors transplanted into the zebrafish compared with BGLSP, and the inhibition rates of RGLSP reached approximately 78%, 31% and 83% on SGC-7901, A549 and Ramos, respectively. Conclusion The results indicated that the antitumor effects of GLS were positively correlated with the contents of the polysaccharides and triterpenoids and demonstrated that the wall-removing manufacturing technique could significantly improve the levels of active constituents, and thereby enhance the antitumor activity.
研究领域:
药理学
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肿瘤学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Ning Liao,Juan Wang,Guanwen Liu,Yinghui Li,Fengqin Xu,Keyi Xu,Dingyu Shi,Dongyan Shao,Chunmei Jiang,Junling Shi
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation with a high incidence rate. Many probiotics, including Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), have shown promise in IBD treatment. The therapeutic effects of most probiotics are greatly decided by the available live cells in the disease lesion, which is compromised as they pass through the gastric juice and intestinal tract, resulting in a loss of activity. To improve probiotic delivery efficiency in the intestinal tract, broken Ganoderma lucidum spore shells (bGLS) were explored as a carrier to enhance the intestinal tract delivery of L. rhamnosus SHA113, a probiotic that has been verified to have capability to treat IBD. It was found the bGLS treated with iturin A and hydrochloric acid (IH-bGLS) had much higher affinity to probiotic cells than the untreated ones. This is possibly due to the enhancement of hydrophobic and positive charge of bGLS. Furthermore, IH-bGLS demonstrated an 81% loading efficiency for L. rhamnosus SHA113 and 2.2% for Escherichia coli. More importantly, loading in IH-bGLS greatly enhanced the delivery of L. rhamnosus SHA113 cells to the colon and prolonged their retention time from 48 to over 120 h (P < 0.01). The mechanisms might be related to the enhancement of probiotic cell adhesion to the gastrointestinal mucosa, increase of mucus secretion and the upregulated expression of tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO-1, in the colon. The results of the animal experiment showed that the therapeutic effects of L. rhamnosus SHA113 on IBD were greatly enhanced when they were loaded with IH-bGLS. The novelty of this research is in the development of probiotic carriers from bGLS, which has significance in the improvement of intestinal delivery efficiency and the therapeutic effects of probiotics on IBD. This system may have attractive application in the enhancement of probiotic delivery efficiency in the intestinal tract, which is important to ensure and enhance the beneficial effects of probiotics.
研究领域:
生物工程
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医学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2024
·Vol. 104
·期 11
·6657-6666
·
IF 3.3
Yaoyao Qi,Shun Zhong,Feng Pan,Junfu Zhou,Zhiyu Wang,Zeyuan Deng,Hongyan Li
BACKGROUND The hard double-walled structure of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (GLSP) is difficult for the human body to digest, so it is very important to break the wall of GLSP. In this study, the wall of GLSP was broken by mechanical milling at room temperature (MM-R) and ultra-fine grinding at low temperature (UFG-L), respectively. RESULTS Compared with MM-R, UFG-L could better retain the sporangium powder's morphological and structural integrity. During in vitro digestion, compared with unbroken GLSP, the released amounts of polysaccharides and triterpenes from broken GLSP were significantly increased, and they increased with the increase of specific surface area. The bioaccessibility of polysaccharide and triterpene from unbroken GLSP after the intestinal stage were 29.52% and 5.37%, respectively. The bioaccessibility of polysaccharides and triterpene from broken GLSP by MM-R after the intestinal phase were 39.73–72.45% and 16.44–24.97%, while those by UFG-L were 44.53–104.18% and 12.96–32.90%, respectively. CONCLUSION The active ingredients of broken GLSP showed better digestion and absorption abilities than unbroken GLSP. Moreover, the specific surface area of GLSP by UFG-L was lower than that by MM-R, and the bioaccessibility of GLSP by UFG-L was higher than that by MM-R. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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营养学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.6
Ruixing Chen,Ang Ma,Jingjing Liao,Yuqing Meng,Junzhe Zhang,Herong Li,Hailu Yao,Zipeng Gong,Hai-Ning Lyu
Bioactive proteins and peptides hold significant potential in the food industry, particularly for the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. However, their effectiveness is often limited by poor oral bioavailability. While various protein delivery systems have been explored, challenges such as safety concerns and low protein encapsulation efficiency continue to hinder their use in food applications. This study presents a novel approach to enhancing protein delivery by chemically modifying Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS) with charged surfaces to improve their protein-binding capabilities. Acid and alkali treatments were employed to modify the surface charge of GLS, while maintaining their structural integrity. The resulting GLS microcarriers demonstrated significantly enhanced protein-loading and encapsulation, achieving up to 34.93% (349.34 mg/g) loading capacity and 69.87% encapsulation efficiency using vacuum loading. The protein release kinetics under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions were investigated, and the role of electrostatic adsorption in this protein delivery system, which contributes to the enhanced protein-loading performance, was also discussed. These findings highlight GLS microcarriers as a promising, food-grade platform for high-capacity protein delivery, offering a practical and safe solution to current challenges in the incorporation of functional proteins into food products.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 60
·34772-34783
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IF 3.049
Yanzhuo Zhu,Honghui Teng,Dongshu Sun,Dayu Jiang,Yongsheng Yan
In this work, a new and simple method was developed for the synthesis of uncovered and high-selectivity spiramycin-based molecularly imprinted microspheres (SP-MIMs) by Pickering emulsion polymerization using spiramycin as templates. And surprisingly the solid particles were absent on the surface of imprinted microspheres, which can be ascribed to the Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS): they were firstly selected to be the stabilizers for the Pickering emulsion in this new strategy. Through a series of adsorption experiments, the uncovered SP-MIMs were proven to possess more excellent selective recognition and removal ability for template SP in aqueous solution. And SP-MIMs could be reused for many times without significant loss of adsorption capacity, indicating the satisfactory regeneration performance. Therefore, SP-MIMs can be employed as a promising adsorbent for the selective removal of SP from aqueous media, and this strategy will contribute to overcoming the shortcomings of stabilizer particles on the surface of the as-prepared imprinting microspheres, because these solid particles lack the special selective recognition activity of template molecules, and may disturb the adsorption effect of imprinting microspheres.
研究领域:
材料科学
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药物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2020
·
IF 4.006
Ming Cai,Hua Mu,Haoyong Xing,Zhenhao Li,Jing Xu,Wei Liu,Kai Yang,Peilong Sun
Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLS) constitute a healthy food for humans, but the hard spore shells are difficult to digest. In this study, digestive properties of GLS in different forms (sporoderm-unbroken, sporoderm-broken [SB-GLS] and sporoderm-removed [SR-GLS]) were investigated in vitro digestion and fermentation. After simulated digestion, morphologies of all three spores changed slightly. After gastric and intestinal digestion, the amounts of polysaccharides in each digestive residue of GLS, SB-GLS and SR-GLS were greatly reduced, by approximately 90.3%, 96.5% and 99.2%, respectively. Triterpenoid quantities in the digestive residues were higher than those before digestion because the absolute weight of residue decreased. Total triterpenoid contents of GLS, SB-GLS and SR-GLS after digestion were 9.2 ± 0.8, 24.7 ± 1.3, and 32.5 ± 1.1 mg/g, respectively. The amounts of CO 2 , CH 4 and H 2 found in the water and alcohol extracts of SR-GLS were similar, but the amount of H 2 in the alcohol extract was higher. In terms of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, propionic, butyric and valeric acids found in the water extracts were more abundant than those in alcohol extracts, which suggests that the polysaccharides were particularly important for SCFA production. This finding indicates that SR-GLS for the water extract has stronger metabolic promotion effects and better anti-inflammatory properties.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
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2020
·
IF 4.225
Li Zhenhao,Shi Yingqiu,Zhang Xiaohui,Xu Jing,Wang Hanbo,Zhao Lu,Wang Yi
Ganoderma lucidum is a well-known herbal remedy widely used for treating various chronic diseases. Traditionally, the fruiting body is regarded as the medicinal part of this fungus, while recently, the therapeutic potentials of Ganoderma lucidum spore (GLS) is gaining increasing interests. However, detailed knowledge of chemical compositions and biological activities of the spore is still lacking. In this study, high-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular networking were employed for in-depth chemical profiling of GLS, sporoderm-broken GLS (BGLS) and sporoderm-removed GLS (RGLS), leading to the characterization of 109 constituents. The result also showed that RGLS contained more triterpenoids with much higher contents than BGLS and GLS. Moreover, the immunomodulatory activities of BGLS and RGLS were investigated in the zebrafish models of neutropenia or macrophage deficiency. RGLS exhibited more potent activities in alleviating vinorelbine-induced neutropenia or macrophage deficiency, and significantly enhanced phagocytic function of macrophages, which indicated the immunomodulatory activity of GLS was positively correlated with the content of triterpenoids. Further correlation analysis of chemical profiles of GLS and corresponding bioactivities by partial least squares regression identified the potential immunoactive compounds of GLS, including 20-hydroxylganoderic acid G, elfvingic acid A and ganohainanic acid C. Our findings suggest that combining mass spectrometry molecular networking with zebrafish-based bioassays and chemometrics is a feasible strategy to reveal complex chemical compositions of herbal medicines, as well as to discover their potential active constituents.
研究领域:
中药学
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生物信息学
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药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 9.8
Yaoyao Qi,Xiangwei Xiao,Yanjiao Li,Jinwu Zhang,Guangyan Li,Zeyuan Deng,Hongyan Li
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) spore oil, an important health supplement, has been found to frequently contain the excessive levels of phthalate plasticizers (PAEs), which may cause the safety and quality risks. This study used supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with 95 % ethanol as the entrainer, added at ratios of 0 % to 25 % of the spore powder mass, to investigate the effects of different extraction stages and entrainer on the reduces of PAEs content, physicochemical properties, and active components. Results showed that the acid value, ergosterol content, and PAEs content of the spore oil in the first stage were significantly higher than those in subsequent stages. Peroxide values were increased but remained below 0.22 g/100 g, while the total triterpene content fluctuated. The main fatty acids were oleic, palmitic, linoleic, and stearic acids. At a 10 % entrainer ratio, the extraction yield increased to 32.30 ± 0.60 %, with the highest ergosterol content, the lowest DINP content, and achieved a 40.73 % reduction in PAEs content. This ratio did not affect the fatty acid composition, indicating it enhanced the oil yield and reduced PAEs without impacting the physicochemical properties and active ingredients. Therefore, the optimal entrainer ratio was determined to be 10 %, crucial for improving G. lucidum spore oil quality and safety in industrial production.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 14
Ning Liao,Bing Pang,Han Jin,Xixi Zhao,Dongyan Shao,Chunmei Jiang,Junling Shi
Ganoderma lucidum spores (GLSs) have been suggested to provide optimal structures for transporting orally bioavailable drugs. However, the double-layer wall and cavities of GLSs are naturally closed. This study aimed to modify GLSs into porous carriers by opening the layers and internal cavity with iturin A (IA) followed by potassium hydroxide (KOH) or hydrochloric acid (HCl). The (IA + KOH)- and (IA + HCl)-treated GLS carriers exhibited a high loading rate of 301.50 ± 2.33 and 268.18 ± 7.72 mg/g for the hydrophilic methylene blue (MB) and hydrophobic rifampicin (RF), respectively. The mechanisms underlying the modification involved the enhancement of the specific surface area with IA and the exposure of hydrophilic groups or hydrophobic groups of the GLSs with KOH or HCl. The sustained 48-h molecule-release profiles of the MB- and RF-loaded GLS carriers were best fitted using a first-order kinetics model in simulated gastric (or intestinal) fluid compared with other models. In mice, the designed GLS carriers had high adhesion capacities onto the mucosa of the digestive tract and long retention times (120 h), and even promoted the secretion of mucus and expression of several key intestinal barrier proteins. This study provided a new method to modify GLSs into oral carriers with selective drug affinity, high loading capacity, sustained drug release, and high adhesion to the digestive tract.
研究领域:
药剂学
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生物技术
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材料科学
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药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Jianying Liu,Yan Chen,Zhifeng Cen,Meiqi Hong,Binzhi Zhang,Xia Luo,Leqi Wang,Shasha Li,Xue Xiao,Qinqiang Long
The incidence of acute liver injury is increasing and poses a significant threat to human health. Ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO), a lipid substance extracted from Ganoderma lucidum spore powder using supercritical CO 2 technology, has been investigated for its potential to prevent acute liver injury. However, the specific mechanism underlying the protective effects of GLSO remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of GLSO on acute liver injury in rats, focusing on the gut microbiome and serum metabolomics. GLSO effectively alleviated liver dysfunction and reduced inflammation, leading to the prevention of acute liver injury in rats. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed that GLSO primarily modulated lipid metabolic pathways related to glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Specifically, GLSO decreased the levels of metabolites such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), glycerophosphatidylcholine (GPC), and sphinganine 1-phosphate (SA1P), while increasing the levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and digalactosylceramide (DGC). Gut microbiomics data indicated that GLSO effectively regulated the composition of the gut microbiota in rats with acute liver injury. Specifically, it increased the abundance of Firmicutes and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria . Mantel test correlation analysis revealed a close relationship between gut microbial Burkholderiales and lipid metabolites in GLSO-mediated prevention of acute liver injury. GLSO exerts its preventive effects on acute liver injury by remodeling the gut microbiota and regulating lipid metabolism. These findings provide novel insights and potential directions for the development of new drugs targeting acute liver injury.
研究领域:
药理学
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肝病学
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微生物组研究
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代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2024
·
IF 3.3
Shun Zhong,Yao Yao Qi,Yuan Yuan,Li Lian,Zeyuan Deng,Feng Pan,Junfu Zhou,Zhiyu Wang,Hongyan Li
Background There are few studies about the differences in the composition of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude polysaccharide and ergothioneine in Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (GLSP) from different origins. As for GLSP after oil extraction (OE-GLSP), there are still lots of bioactive substance in it. It can be seen that OE-GLSP has certain biological activity. The effect of OE-GLSP on the improvement of intestinal barrier function has been less studied. Results The results showed that there were significant differences for GLSP from five different origins (Anhui, Jilin, Jiangxi, Shandong and Zhejiang) in moisture (0.065–0.113%), ash (0.603–0.955%), crude fat (42.444–44.773%), crude polysaccharide (2.977–4.127%), crude protein (14.761–17.639%) and ergothioneine (0.552–1.816 mg g −1 ) ( P < 0.05). The monosaccharides of GLSP polysaccharide mainly consist of glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, etc. Moreover, the effects of OE-GLSP supplementation on the regulation of organ index, colonic tissue and intestinal microbiota in C57BL/6J mice were investigated. The supplement of OE-GLSP could restore the organ index and weight loss of antibiotic-treated mice. Moreover, OE-GLSP led to the improvement of intestinal dysbiosis by enriching Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Roseburia , and increasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In addition, OE-GLSP intervention repaired intestinal barrier dysfunction by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (Occludin, Claudin-1 and E-cadherin). Conclusion Different GLSP from five origins exhibited significant differences in microstructure and contents of crude polysaccharide, crude protein, crude fat, water, ash and ergothioneine. Moreover, it was found that OE-GLSP could improve the intestinal barrier function and induce potentially beneficial changes in intestinal flora. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
药理学
·
微生物学
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营养学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 86
·期 2
·546-562
·
IF 3.167
Yadi Liu,Guoxiao Lai,Yinrui Guo,Xiaocui Tang,Ou Shuai,Yizhen Xie,Qingping Wu,Diling Chen,Xujiang Yuan
Previous research has shown that the extracts from the Ganoderma lucidum spore (GS) have potentially cardioprotective effects, but there is still abundant room for development in determining its mechanism. In this study, the rat model of cardiac dysfunction was established by intraperitoneal injection of trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO), and the extracts of GS (oil, lipophilic components, and polysaccharides) were given intragastrically at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day to screen the pharmacological active components of GS. After 50 days of treatments, we found that the extraction from GS reduced the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein; increased the levels of high-density lipoprotein; and reduced the levels of serum TMAO when compared to the model group ( P < 0.05); especially the GS polysaccharides (DT) and GS lipophilic components (XF) exhibited decreases in serum TMAO compared to TMAO-induced control. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that GS could change the gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the DT-treated group and XF-treated group, while reducing the abundance of Actinobacteria and Tenericutes . Quantitative proteomics analysis showed that GS extracts (DT and XF) could regulate the expression of some related proteins, such as Ucp1 (XF-TMAO/M-TMAO ratio is 2.76), Mpz (8.52), Fasn (2.39), Nefl (1.85), Mtnd5 (0.83), Mtnd2 (0.36), S100a8 (0.69), S100a9 (0.70), and Bdh1 (0.72). The results showed that XF can maintain the metabolic balance and function of the heart by regulating the expression of some proteins related to cardiovascular disease, and DT can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by targeting gut microbiota.
研究领域:
药理学
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心脏病学
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微生物学
·
蛋白质组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）