JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8
Stelgen Inkoua,Chao Li,Muhammad Rashid,Muhammad Mahboob Naeem,Shu Zhang,Wenran Gao,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Xun Hu
Spirulina platensis contains abundant nitrogen-containing organics, which might react with derivatives of cellulose/lignin during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), probably affecting yield, property of hydrochar , and pore development in activation of hydrochar. This was investigated herein by conducting co-HTC of spirulina platensis with cellulose, lignin, and sawdust at 260 °C and subsequent activation of the resulting hydrochars with K 2 C 2 O 4 at 800 °C. The results showed that cross-condensation of spirulina platensis-derived proteins with cellulose/lignin-derived ketones and phenolics did take place in the co-HTC, forming more π-conjugated heavier organics, retaining more nitrogen species in hydrochar, reducing yields of hydrochar, making the hydrochar more aromatic and increasing the thermal stability and resistivity towards activation. This enhanced the yield of activated carbon (AC) by 7 %–20 % and significantly increased specific surface area of the AC from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + lignin to 2074.5 m 2 /g (859.3 m 2 /g from spirulina platensis only and 1170.1 m 2 /g from lignin only). Furthermore, more mesopores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina platensis + cellulose (47 %) and more micropores from activation of hydrochar of spirulina + sawdust (93 %) was generated. The AC from spirulina platensis + lignin with the developed pore structures generated sufficient sites for adsorption of tetracycline from aqueous phase and minimized steric hindrance for mass transfer with the abundant mesopores (43 %).
研究领域:
生物工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2015
·
IF 4.642
Yawei Shi,Xiangwen Zhang,Guozhu Liu
Activated carbons derived from hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose and subsequent KOH activation have been prepared and tested for the adsorptive removal of refractory thiophenic compounds. Textural and chemical properties of the carbons and their corresponding impacts on adsorption rates and capacities were discussed in detail. The optimum carbon possessed high adsorption capacity (41.5 mgS/g for 300 ppmwS model oil), fast adsorption rate (97% saturated within 5 min) as well as relatively good selectivity for the adsorption of thiophenic compounds due to the abundant small micropores, suitable mesopore fraction and various oxygen functionalities present in the carbon. Combined with the economic and environmental merits of the preparation procedure, the sucrose-derived activated carbons are promising candidates for potential practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2024
·
IF 6.9
Xin Zhong,Chao Li,Yuewen Shao,Lijun Zhang,Shu Zhang,Xun Hu
Bio-oil, a major product from biomass pyrolysis, is a renewable source for production of functional carbon materials such as activated carbon (AC). Bio-oil can be activated directly via mixing with an activator or be pre-carbonized followed by subsequent activation. These two processes feature with distinct reaction network and might affect pore characteristics in different ways. This was investigated herein by direct activation of bio-oil or biochar from pre-carbonization of bio-oil using K 2 C 2 O 4 or KOH as the activator at 800 ºC. The results indicated that bio-oil was pre-carbonized into biochar at 500 ºC improved yields of AC (83.6 % versus 17.5 % from direct activation of bio-oil with K 2 C 2 O 4 ) through enhanced aromatic degree and resistivity to cracking. This also diminished specific surface area of resulting AC (716.3 versus 1035.5 m 2 g −1 from direct activation). Much more intensive cracking reactions in direct activation of bio-oil with K 2 C 2 O 4 were confirmed with in-situ IR technique. This not only formed AC of more developed pore structures, especially more mesopores/macropores, but also generated gases as dominate product (yield: 74.5 %). Similar result was observed from activation with KOH, but KOH was more effective than K 2 C 2 O 4 for cracking. This, however, did not result in AC of more developed pore structures, as the K 2 CO 3 derived from KOH tended to be wrapped with organics in direct activation of bio-oil and was difficult to be washed away, blocking pores generated.
研究领域:
能源材料
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Xiaochun Tian,Ao Sun,Chengyu Wang,Kangle Ding
In this study, a novel hydrochar adsorbent derived from lotus seedpods was synthesized and subsequently modified to enhance its adsorption efficiency for quinoline contaminated wastewater. Using lotus seedpods as biomass raw material, lotus seedpod hydrochar (LSH) was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method, and it was modified with hydrochloric acid (HA) and phosphoric acid (PA) as modifiers to improve adsorption efficiency. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of quinoline on both the unmodified and modified hydrochars were studied in detail to elucidate the underlying adsorption mechanisms. Furthermore, the effect of coexisting organic pollutants, i.e. phenol and pyridine, commonly found in coking effluents, on the quinoline adsorption efficiency of hydrochar was investigated. The regenerative potential of the adsorbent was explored through desorption studies to assess the reusability and practicality of hydrochar post-adsorption. The optimal conditions for modified LSH were determined as follows: an adsorbent dosage of 3 g/L, pH of 3, an initial quinoline concentration of 200 mg/L, and a contact time of 90 minutes. The maximum adsorption capacities for PA-LSH and HA-LSH were 48.59 mg/g and 49.12 mg/g, respectively. Among the types of modification agents, acid modifiers, particularly 20 % phosphoric acid and 20 % hydrochloric acid, significantly enhanced the adsorption efficiency, increasing the adsorption rates by 24.24 % and 14.56 %, respectively, compared to unmodified hydrochar (64.06 %). Coexisting pollutants minimally affected quinoline adsorption, with phosphoric acid-modified hydrochar maintaining 80.33 % removal in simulated coking wastewater. Regeneration with hydrochloric acid showed improved utility, with modified hydrochar sustaining over 80 % adsorption after three cycles. This research not only presents an innovative approach to the development of efficient adsorbents for quinoline removal, but also provides insight into the adsorption behavior of hydrochar in the complex wastewater systems. The findings contribute to both the advancement of sustainable water treatment technologies and the use of biomass-derived materials for environmental remediation. As such, this work holds promise for applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Sustainability
·
2025
·
IF 7.9
Xinyuan Dong,Peng Xu,Lihua Gao,Xiao Han,Junhong Zhang,Zhijun He
An environmentally friendly and low-cost co-carbonization technology has been reported as an effective route for the preparation of carbon-based synfuel for sintering processes employed in the steel industry, in which loaded CaO catalysts promote the synergistic role between sawdust (SD) and bituminous coal (BC). In this work, a series of experiments were conducted to research the effects of the co-carbonization temperature, co-carbonization holding time and addition amount of CaO on synfuel. Finally, a co-carbonization temperature of 550 °C, a co-carbonization holding time of 30 min, and the added amount of CaO at 4 wt% were reasonable preparation conditions based on the biomass/coal of 4/6. According to the above experimental parameters, the solids yield, bulk density and heat value of SD/BC synfuel were 61.07%, 403 kg m −3 and 27.82 MJ kg −1 , respectively. These results showed that adding CaO increases the order and density of synfuel microcrystals. For the surface structure, the addition of CaO could improve the content of aromatic C C and C–O, whereas the content of carbonyl C O decreased in the carbonization process, which demonstrated that the addition of CaO could improve transformation of the graphite-like structure. Additionally, SD/BC synfuel loaded with CaO exhibited a rougher surface and larger pores compared to that without CaO loading, and the number of pores decreased because the formation of CaCO 3 coated the synfuel surface. The above indicators of carbon-based synfuel obtained from this study agree with the practical requirements of sintering operations. This work reveals the mechanism of biomass/coal and CaO interaction on the preparation of carbon-based synfuel.
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Waste and Biomass Valorization
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 11
·6369-6382
·
IF 2.358
Liang Miao,Lu Wenjie,Lei Ping,Wang Le,Wang Bing,Li Bin,Shen Yi,Zhang Ke
Abstract Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) combined with pelletization is an efficient upgrading process to convert biomass into energy-dense pellets. Binders usually serve an important role in the quality of biofuel pellets. Here, hydrochar was produced from tobacco stem through HTC, and was pelletized in the presence of various binders. The effect of four kinds of binders (K 2 CO 3 , CaCO 3 , xanthan gum and carboxymethyl cellulose) on the basic fuel properties, mechanical strength, moisture adsorption and combustion characteristics was investigated. The results showed that K 2 CO 3 assisted pellet had decreased compressive strength, increased hygroscopicity and high combustion residues. The compressive strength of pellets increased with increasing amount CaCO 3 binder probably due to the hardening effect of enhanced adhesion attraction forces between adjacent particles. Meanwhile, the CaCO 3 assisted pellet exhibited the lowest moisture uptake behavior. In addition, the introduction of organic binders led to improved mechanical strength, especially for xanthan binder, which could be ascribed to the formation of solid bridges and enhancement of adhesion forces between particles. TGA results suggested that the binder-assisted pellets exhibited desirable combustion characteristics such as decreased ignition temperature and increased comprehensive combustibility index. Kinetic parameters of the combustion process of binder-assisted pellets were also determined by employing the model free isoconversional Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method. This study demonstrated that HTC of tobacco stem combined with pelletization in the presence of appropriate binders provide an alternative for solid biofuel pellets production. Graphic abstract Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of tobacco stem combined with pelletization in the presence of appropriate binders provide an alternative for solid biofuel pellets production.
研究领域:
能源植物学
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生物质能工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Zahra Essa Khan,Mengjiao Fan,Yuchen Jiang,Shu Zhang,Murtaza Khan,Qurshia Choudhry,Muhammad Rashid,Zanib Anwar,Sobia Kousar,Xun Hu
Herein, hydrothermal carbonization treatment of shrimp shells or together with glucose at 200 ºC plus subsequent activation with K 2 C 2 O 4 at 800 ºC was conducted, aiming to understand the retainment of organics and development of pore structures of resulting activated carbon. The results indicated that the organics in shrimp shells were highly unstable and the activation formed activated carbon with a mass yield of 5.6 %. Hydrothermal carbonization resulted in the leaching of some organics but promoted the aromatization of others, which in overall enhanced the resistivity of remaining organics towards cracking in activation, increasing the yield of activated carbon to 10.3 %. However, the leaching of a significant portion of aliphatic organics also decreased the specific surface area to 1128.1 m 2 /g (1593.2 m 2 /g from direct activation of shrimp shells. The co-hydrothermal carbonization of shrimp shells with glucose further increased activated carbon yield and enhanced the specific surface area of the activated carbon (1326.6 m 2 /g), due to additional aliphatic organics formed. Additionally, direct activation of shrimp shells formed activated carbon with dominant micropores (89.6 %), while hydrothermal carbonization of shrimp shells plus activation formed mainly mesopores (71.7 %). The presence of glucose in co-hydrothermal carbonization not only rendered micropores to dominate (80.3 %) but also retained appreciable amount of mesopores, forming activated carbon of superior capacity for the adsorption of methylene blue. Leaching of organics via the hydrothermal carbonization, promoted the formation of mesopores/macropores while suppressed the generation of micropores. Additionally, hydrothermal carbonization treatment resulted in wrapping of SiO 2 with organics, deterring further removal of SiO 2 via solid phase reactions with K 2 C 2 O 4 .
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Deliang Xu,Yuan Yin,Jinchuan Wang,Xiang Liu,Lei Shi,Sasha Yang,Juntao Wei,Xun Hu,Shu Zhang
The fate of nitrogen during the thermochemical carbonization of biomass is crucial for the preparation of bio-fuels and bio-materials. This study examines the nitrogen diffusion and transformation during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of xylan, cellulose, and lignin in a nitrogen-rich aqueous solution recycled from the hydrothermal treatment of fiberboard. The results show that the HTC of xylan in nitrogen-rich aqueous solution promotes the nitrogen diffusion from the aqueous phase to hydrochars in a broad temperature condition, while the HTC of cellulose in similar conditions mainly influences the nitrogen evolution when the temperature exceeds 220 °C. However, the HTC of lignin has no significant effect on the nitrogen conversion. Heterocyclic-N was the predominant form of nitrogen-containing structure in the hydrochars, and it converted to a more stable structure with increasing temperature. During the HTC, the ammonium ion was the predominant nitrogen species in the aqueous phase, which was readily converted to organic-N during HTC of xylan, while it was temperature dependent in the case of the HTC of cellulose. The results provide an in-depth understanding of nitrogen transfer and transformation during the HTC of nitrogen-rich lignocellulose biomass.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 4.833
Lulu Zhang,Biao Peng,Luyao Wang,Chao Guo,Qingyi Wang
Strict control of the monodispersity and size of hydrothermal carbon nanospheres (CNSs) with a size less than 150 nm is a prerequisite for many applications. However, designing and achieving the mass production of high-quality glucose-derived CNSs have been very challenging. Herein, we successfully synthesize PCNSs-PSSMA through a simple method that is synergistically assisted by an external pressure (2.0 MPa) and a small amount of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (PSSMA). The mechanism of the external pressure and PSSMA effect on the synthesis of PCNSs-PSSMA is investigated. On the one hand, the pressure and PSSMA can increase the glucose hydrothermal carbonation (HTC) rate and increase the number of carbon nuclei. On the other hand, PSSMA adsorbs on the surface of the CNSs to inhibit their growth so that more raw materials can be used for nucleation. When limited by the raw materials, it is difficult for CNSs to continue to grow. Furthermore, we also verify that PCNSs-PSSMA is superior in terms of adsorption and catalysis to large carbon spheres prepared by traditional methods. Our findings provide potential guidance for the mass production of other small particle size nanomaterials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Research Express
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 6
·065615
·
IF 1.449
Miao Liang,Jing Wang,Min Zhao,Jiaxiao Cai,Mingjian Zhang,Nan Deng,Bing Wang,Bin Li,Ke Zhang
A modified hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process in the presence of borax was developed to produce uniform and monodispersed micro-carbon spheres. Corn starch was used as carbon precursor and borax acts as a structure directing agent. The introduction of borax could catalytically transform the starch into hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and favoring the rapid nucleation and slow growth of particle owing to the buffer function of borax additive. The inclusion of borax thus allowed for the controlling of particles morphology as well as tailoring the particle diameters. Uniform solid carbon spheres with a narrow particle size distribution, ranging from 0.6 to 2 μm, was demonstrated by turning the borax concentration and the reaction time in a single-step hydrothermal process. The retained boron content and chemical structure of the carbonaceous products could be adjusted as revealed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) analysis. Furthermore, the boron-dopant increased the final product's thermostability from 536 °C to 629 °C at 0.70 wt% boron content. This method therefore also provides a facile and novel approach to prepare boron-doped carbon materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Jinchuan Wang,Li Zhang,Jinping Weng,Juntao Wei,Deliang Xu,Bin Li,Shu Zhang,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Electo Silva Lora,Hong Zhang
The retention and transformation of nitrogen in hydrochars prepared from co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) of fiberboard (FB) and glucose were mainly investigated in this study. This study showed that more than 90 wt% nitrogen has transferred into aqueous solution at 180–220 °C during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of FB. When the HTC temperatures were higher than 220 °C, some dissolved nitrogen recombined into hydrochars due to the enhancement of nitrogen fixation reactions (Maillard reactions). The addition of glucose could significantly increase nitrogen retention rate in hydrochars, which was due to abundant oxygen-containing intermediates (5-HMF, furfural, etc.) formed in aqueous phase by the hydrothermal decomposition of glucose. Besides, the hydrochars with more microspheres formed on the surface could apparently enhance nitrogen fixation due to the increased contacting area. In Co-HTC, the temperature range of 220–280 °C favored the nitrogen retention in hydrochars. Additionally, nitrogen retention rate increased significantly with increasing residence time and mixture ratio of glucose in a certain extent. While the heterocyclic-N was the main nitrogen functional group in hydrochars and it transformed from pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N to quaternary-N with higher HTC temperatures and longer residence times, additionally, some amine-N was clearly formed when the nitrogen returned from the aqueous phase into hydrochars.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Jun Zhong,Wei Zhu,Xin Wang,Jipeng Sun,Biao Mu,Yucheng Xu,Guorui Li
In this study, Fe conversion during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of coking sludge were investigated, and the effect mechanism of Fe component on the adsorption performance of coking sludge hydrochar (CHC) was explored. The results showed that after HTC treatment, more than 95 % of Fe remained in the CHC. Fe 3+ was reduced to Fe 2+ by sugar and amino acids . Fe was stabilized during the HTC process and was still predominantly in the Fe manganese oxidation state. The CHC prepared at 270 °C exhibited excellent adsorption capacities for Congo red (CR), tetracycline (TC), and Cr (VI). Their maximum adsorption capacities were 140.85, 147.06, and 19.92 mg/g, respectively. Quantitative adsorption mechanism experiments, XRD and VSM characterization revealed that Fe component played a significant role in adsorption, and CHC with more Fe 3 O 4 exhibited better adsorption capacity. The results of the XPS characterization of CHC before and after adsorption showed that Fe 3 O 4 provided rich Fe adsorption sites on the surface of CHC to strengthen the adsorption efficiency of pollutants through Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ reduction and complexation of Fe-O/N. In addition, the formed Fe 3 O 4 also imparted CHC with magnetic properties (Ms = 4.12 emu/g) to facilitate the subsequent separation and recovery. These results demonstrated that the prepared CHC has great potential for treating actual wastewater containing CR and TC.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）