FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.847
Junxiang Lu,Shujun Guo,Yan Fu,Jie Chang
Due to the negative effects of acids and aldehydes, crude bio-oil has to be upgraded before its application as a high-graded fuel. A novel method for bio-oil upgrading by simultaneous catalytic esterification and alkylation with azeotropic water removal using n-butanol and 2-methylfuran was investigated in this work. Under the optimum upgrading conditions, water content was evidently decreased from 27.82% to 3.21%, and acid number was reduced from 41.12 mg NaOH/g to 6.17 mg NaOH/g. High heating value of upgraded bio-oil was more than 2 times higher than crude bio-oil and the other properties were also improved significantly. GC-MS analysis indicated that labile acids, aldehydes, ketones and lower alcohols were transformed to stable target products. The introduction of 2-methylfuran effectively suppressed acetalization reactions and the yields of more stable alkylation products were higher than acetals. In addition, oxygenated liquid fuel and sugars and their derivatives could be effectively separated from upgraded bio-oil by H 2 O/CH 2 Cl 2 extraction. The main product in crude sugars part was butyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, which was formed by means of hydrolysis of levoglucosan and the following glycosidation.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 51
·78107-78119
·
IF 5.19
Wei Ran,Zhang Ruina,Song Lijie,Zhou Xiong,Lin Shunhong,Zhao Youcai,Zhou Tao
Bio-residue is a by-product from organic waste anaerobic digestion process with high moisture, high organic matter, low calorific value and poor biological stability, and may be incinerated after deep dewatering. The moisture existence forms of bio-residue were clarified firstly, finding that adsorbed water, capillary water and bound water occupied 75.61%, 23.81% and 0.58%, respectively. Furthermore, refuse incineration bottom ash was used as a typical deep dewatering reagent, when compared with calcium oxide (CaO), refuse incineration fly ash and iron powder–potassium persulfate (Fe(0)-K 2 S 2 O 8 ). Results showed that the addition of bottom ash powder could decrease the bio-residue’s moisture from 80.0% to 37.9% at the optimal dosage of 2.0%, and corresponding low calorific value reached 10.5 MJ/kg at the 10 th d. It was suggested that ZnCl 2 and ZnSO 4 present in bottom ash powder could react with moisture in bio-residue, forming hydrates of inorganic salt and breaking the polyacrylamide colloid, and lead to the release of adsorbed water in the bio-residue.
研究领域:
环境科学
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废物管理
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 18
·15260-15270
·
IF 3.289
Leichang Cao,Gang Luo,Shicheng Zhang,Jianmin Chen
This study investigated the potential of eight types of green landscaping waste as feedstock to produce bio-oil through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The eight selected plants differed in terms of botanical classification, morphology, leaf state, and growth habit. Leaves and branches as waste from these plants were separately subjected to HTL in a high-pressure batch reactor at 300 °C for 0.5 h. Results indicated the bio-oils and biochars of leaves obviously differed from those of branches in terms of yields and higher heating values (HHVs). However, less difference in yields and HHVs was found for HTL products within the eight leaves even though they were different in composition components such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The same was observed for branches. The average bio-oil yields of the leaves and branches were 33.74 and 43.22 wt%, respectively. The optimal bio-oil yield was 50.44 wt%, which was obtained when Cinnamomum camphora branches were used as feedstock. The average HHVs of light and heavy oils in the leaves were 25.13 and 31.27 MJ kg−1, respectively. These HHVs were higher than those of light and heavy oils in the branches (21.51 and 28.71 MJ kg−1, respectively). Among the oil products, the heavy oil derived from Salix alba leaves yielded the optimum HHV (35.63 MJ kg−1). The mean HHV of biochar was 24.17 MJ kg−1, which was considerably higher than that of feedstock (17.21 MJ kg−1). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry revealed the presence of value-added chemicals, such as phenolics, ketones, esters, acids, and alcohols, in bio-oils. The amounts of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes in the bio-oils derived from the leaves were higher than those in the bio-oils derived from the branches. These results indicated the feasibility of using different types of green landscaping waste as feedstock to produce bio-oils with high HHV and yield through HTL.
研究领域:
能源植物学
·
可再生能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2019
·
IF 4.63
Peng Wu,Jiaqiang Sun,Mohamed Abbas,Pengfei Wang,Yilong Chen,Jiangang Chen
Hydrophobic SiO 2 -supported Fe-Ni bimetallic catalysts were synthesized by facile hydrothermal method, followed by grind-mixing process. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were appointed as robust catalysts in the methanation process to improve the calorific value of the natural gas. Notably, the functionalization of SiO 2 surface with a hydrophobic layer was performed using a fluorinated alkyl group, as a critical step to prohibit the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction and consequently produce low amount of CO 2 content during the methanation process. The obtained catalytic results demonstrated that Fe 1.5 Ni 1.5 catalyst exhibited an excellent CO conversion of 95.2% at 320 °C with a natural gas calorific value of 56.4 MJ Nm −3 , which is much higher than the previously reported results when traditional Ni-based catalysts used. Moreover, the modified hydrophobic catalyst exhibited a lower CO 2 selectivity compared with unmodified one. This study provides a new and promising insight for the design and development of high-calorie SNG product.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
能源材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Suqian Gu,Hussein A. Qulatein,Weijue Gao,Pedram Fatehi
Preparing coal water slurry from coal gasification wastewater as gasification/combustion feedstock offers a promising strategy for wastewater management and resource recovery. The primary challenge lies in optimizing slurry formulation to accommodate wastewater as the aqueous medium. This study demonstrated that carboxyalkylated lignin derivatives, i.e., biomass-based aromatic polymers, were effective dispersants for generating coal gasification wastewater slurry (CGWS). The alkyl chain lengths of carboxyalkylated lignin derivatives significantly influenced their molecular characteristics and, consequently, the physicochemical properties of the resulting slurry. Fundamentally, the dispersion performance of lignin derivatives and sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate (NNO), as a commonly used dispersant for the slurry, was different. While NNO promoted dispersion via increasing electrostatic repulsion, the lignin derivatives promoted the slurry formulation primarily via grafting molecular structure. Among the tested lignin derivatives, CPr (carboxybutylated lignin) required the lowest dosage (0.20 wt%) and increased the solid concentration of the slurry from 50.42 wt% (NNO-CGWS) to 52.81 wt% (CPr-CGWS) at an apparent viscosity of 1000 mPa·s, while reducing its pseudo-plasticity. Additionally, lignin derivatives increased the calorific value of CGWS by 0.191 kcal/g using CPr at a dosage of 0.20 wt%. This work establishes carboxyalkylated lignin, particularly CPr, as a highly effective and eco-friendly dispersant for preparing value-added CGWS from industrial wastewater.
研究领域:
环境工程
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能源化学工程
·
工业废水处理
·
生物质利用
·
胶体与界面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Mengru Liu,Wei Zhang,Rui Pan,Yunle Yao,Jianmin Li,Jiaping Zhang,Hua Cheng,Lin Chen,Xian Zhang,Xingyou Tian,Yi Gong
Solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs) are susceptible to liquid leakage during the phase transition process. While existing encapsulation strategies are effective in addressing this issue, they continue to exhibit suboptimal compressive properties and low phase change latent heat value. Hyper-crosslinked polystyrene (HCPS) offers a number of advantages, including low skeletal density, good compatibility with PCM, high compressive strength and micro-mesoporous layered porous structure, which is expected to solve the above problems. In this study, HCPS-C 20 composite PCMs are prepared via a simple one-step procedure, using n-eicosane (C 20 ) as PCM, polystyrene (PS) precursor, and dimethoxymethane (FDA) crosslinker to achieve in-situ encapsulation of C 20 while synthesizing HCPS. The implementation of a one-step procedure effectively addresses the shortcomings associated with traditional encapsulation methods, which are known to be energy-intensive, costly, and complex to operate. In the article, shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) with a high latent heat value (200.6 J/g), high structural stability (the initial decomposition temperature increases by ∼30 °C compared with pure C 20 ), excellent thermal cycling stability (demonstrating only 0.25 % melting enthalpy reduction after 100 thermal cycles), and ultra-high compressive strength (showing 0.38 % leakage rate under 40 MPa molding pressure) is developed through precise modulating of the PS/FDA ratio. The HCPS-C 20 composite PCM demonstrates significant potential for thermal energy storage applications, such as electronic equipment.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Yinghao Zhang,Tianshi Li,Shuohao Zhang,Ling Jiang,Jun Xia,Jiaying Xie,Kefei Chen,Lixia Bao,Jingxin Lei,Jiliang Wang
Smart thermo-regulated textiles are promising to fabricate spacesuit, wearable electronic device, energy saving vehicle, homothermal shell system for rechargeable lithium batteries, and smart furniture and building materials etc. However, phase change temperature and related latent heat value of the state-of-the-art thermo-regulated smart textiles ranges from 35℃ to 65℃ and is lower than 65 J g −1 , respectively. It is still a big challenge to obtain smart thermo-regulated textile with a comfortable phase change temperature (e.g. 25 ℃), a latent heat value of up to 80 J g −1 , an excellent shape stability at high temperature (e.g. 100 ℃), an acceptable water proof ability, and a fabulous thermal recycle reliability. Herein, we for the first time report a smart thermal regulation textile with novel multicores-sheath nanostructures using the coaxial electrospinning technique accompanying with an in-situ UV irradiation polymerization. The obtained coaxial electrospinning fibers with the multicores-sheath structure own a comfortable phase change point (around 25 ℃), and show a maximum latent heat value of 106.2 J g −1 . The latent heat retention of the textiles is higher than 98.3% after the 500-times thermal recycles to illustrate their outstanding energy absorption-release reliability. The produced textiles still exhibit splendid heat preservation and excellent shape stability even if the surrounding temperature has reached 120℃. Water proof ability studies reveal that both latent heat and tensile strength values of the prepared textiles are almost unchanged after soaking in water. The herein preparation method opens up a new avenue to develop smart thermal regulation textiles with a room temperature phase change point, a high latent heat value, a distinctive shape stability at different temperatures, and an outstanding water proof ability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
纺织工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Xian Yang,Liuting Zeng,Jinjia Huang,Zhihua Mo,Zhijie Guan,Shuiyu Sun,Jialin Liang,Shaosong Huang
The high moisture content of sludge is a key factor limiting its subsequent treatment and disposal. Herein, a novel method of MnFe 2 O 4 -biochar (MFB) activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) combined with tannic acid (TA) was conducted to improve sludge dewatering . The effects of different concentrations of MFB, PMS, and TA on waste activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability were investigated. The water content of sludge cake dropped to 40.80% when the initial pH was 5.0, and the concentration of PMS, MFB, and TA was 0.64 mM/g DS, 100 mg/g DS, and 0.12 mM/g DS respectively, demonstrating that MFB/PMS/TA could effectively enhance sludge dewaterability. Analyzing the changing of sludge properties and characterizing MFB confirmed that the enhancement of sludge dewaterability occurred in two phases. First, TA accelerated the valence transformation of Fe and Mn to promote PMS activation, which strengthened the oxidation capacity of the system. Second, TA complexed and precipitated protein to enhance the compressibility and dewaterability of sludge. Furthermore, MFB/PMS/TA treatment could increase the calorific value of treated sludge, and after the combined treatment, the sludge biochar also had a better pore structure, indicating that the sludge after the combined treatment posed a good prospect of resource utilization. These findings provide a novel strategy for the practical application of achieving efficient sludge deep dewatering, providing a valuable reference for downstream sludge utilization .
研究领域:
环境工程
·
水处理
·
废物管理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Wei Wang,Zhensheng Shen,Jiaxiang Zhang,Lun Pan,Chengxiang Shi,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou
High-energy–density fuels play a vital role in the development of the aviation industry because they can provide more propulsion energy than conventional liquid fuels. Constructing more five- or six-membered rings in fuel molecules is an efficient way to increase fuel density. However, as the number of rings increases, the hydrogen content of fuel molecules gradually decreases, resulting in a decrease in the mass calorific value, which limits the further improvement of the volumetric calorific value, meanwhile, the low-temperature characteristics of the fuel become worsen. Considering the high strain energy stored in cyclopropane moiety and the good cryogenic properties of spiro fuel, in this work, two spirocyclopropane high-energy–density fuels have been synthesized from cyclopentadiene by phase transfer catalytic cyclopropanation and palladium catalytic cyclopropanation, and the reaction conditions have been optimized. The synthesized fuels possess heat value and specific impulse higher than the widely used high-energy–density fuel JP-10. Additionally, their kinematic viscosity at low temperatures is only about one-third that of JP-10. The outstanding properties of the synthesized strained fuels suggest their good potential as high-energy–density fuels.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
·
燃料技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Wenyuan Duan,Shaoquan Chen,Jiale Lu,Yutong Li,Miaomiao Li,Jianjing Gao,Yuzhen Zhao
Lignin, an abundant byproduct of lignocellulosic biorefineries, exhibits significant potential as a renewable feedstock for the production of value-added aromatic chemicals and high-energy-density biofuels due to its complex, highly aromatic polymeric structure. In this study, we investigated the effect of a Co-loaded HZSM-5 (50) (HZ) catalyst on oxidative valorization of kraft lignin under mild conditions of air. The bio-oil yield was increased with the increasing loading of Co, and was obtained to be 45.3 wt.% at 140°C/ 30 min. The desilication of zeolite exhibited a promising impact on the depolymerization of lignin, and the bio-oil was significantly enhanced to 51.8 wt.% with 10Co/HZ-n catalyst. Herein. The effect of metal promoters (Zn, Fe, and Nb) were also comprehensively determined by their successive loading on 10Co/HZ-n catalyst. The maximum bio-oil yield (67.3 wt.%) was evaluated with 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n catalyst at 120°C/ 30 min, reaction conditions. Additionally, the reusability performance of the 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n catalyst was examined for up to four catalytic cycles. The elemental analysis of bio-oils showed a significant improvement in the quality in terms of high calorific value (36.8 MJ/kg) for the 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n. Additionally, vanillin (68.2%) was observed as the main selective catalytic product, and its maximum selectivity was also determined for the optimum 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n bio-oil. The study emphasises the role of high metal valent ions in the selective fractionation of lignin into valuable phenolic compounds.
研究领域:
催化
·
生物质转化
·
绿色化学
·
可再生能源
·
高分子降解
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2021
·
IF 8.198
Xiangchen Kong,Chao Liu,Yuyang Fan,Weicong Xu,Rui Xiao
Production of jet fuel precursors from waste kraft lignin through a depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation (DHDO) method with a complex copper acid catalyst is reported. The kraft lignin undergoes a high degree of depolymerization, deoxygenation, hydrogenation, and C–C coupling. Monomers and dimers with molecular weights in the ranges of <200 Da and 354–452 Da are obtained with optimized yields reaching 93.29 and 39.30 C% at 360 °C for 8 h, while trimers and oligomers with higher molecular weights are also generated with lower contents. The high carbon yields of monomers and dimers are given by the incorporation of methanol solvent. The double bond equivalent (DBE) and polydispersity index (PDI) decrease from 14.77 and 2.77 in kraft lignin to 9.05 and 1.35 in the products, while the high heating value (HHV) increases from 24.53 to 36.47 MJ/kg after reaction. Furthermore, over 45% of the optimized products have boiling points in the range of that of commercial jet fuel (60–280 °C). All these results demonstrate the appropriate properties of the products from kraft lignin DHDO as potential jet fuel precursors.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化
·
可再生能源
·
生物燃料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Ruiqian Tao,Nianrong Feng,Jiahua Li,Bochen Li,Yugui Lv,Kenan Li,Dongying Hu
The development of flexible self-luminous reversible thermochromic passive energy-saving composites (TPCMs) is self-challenge due to the defects of easy leakage, non-visibility, solid phase rigidity, and weak light absorption . So, the emerging TPCMs were cleverly constructed using wood aerogel as support skeleton and different mass ratios of natural latex/long afterglow components as flexible and self-luminescent matrix based on optimal binary fatty alcohol eutectic (C 14 C 20 ). Among them, C 14 C 20 R-TEW-1R and C 14 C 20 G-TEW-0.35 P stand out with suitable phase transition temperatures (28.8 °C and 29.7 °C), high latent heat values (100.5 J g −1 and 119.4 J g −1 ), and low supercooling (0.7 °C and 0 °C). Induced by phase change, they change from rigid to flexible, from red/green to milky white, and can absorb light to achieve self-luminescence in the dark (orange red and blue-green) and enhanced photothermal efficiency. Beyond the traditional thermal/light stability and excellent anti-leakage performance, TPCMs realizes the combination of temperature sensitivity/control and self-luminous, providing broad application prospects in home automation, passive energy-saving in buildings, luminescent response switches, and other fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
·
热管理
·
复合材料
·
智能材料
·
建筑能效
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）