Energies
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 9
·2180
·
IF 3
Xicheng Wang,Wentao Xia,Wenlong Xu,Zengqiao Chen,Xiaohan Ren,Yuandong Yang
Thermochemical energy storage (TCES) is one of the key technologies facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources and mitigating the climate crisis. Recently, Li4SiO4has been reported to be a promising heat carrier material for TCES applications, owing to its moderate operation temperature and stability. During the synthetic processes, the properties of the Si source used directly influence the performance of derived Li4SiO4materials; however, the internal relations and effects are not yet clear. Hence, in this work, six kinds of SiO2sources with different phases, morphology, particle size, and surface area were selected to synthesize a Li4SiO4-based TCES heat carrier. The physicochemical properties of the SiO2and the corresponding derived Li4SiO4were characterized, and the comprehensive performance (e.g., heat storage/releasing capacity, rate, and cyclic stability) of the Li4SiO4samples was systematically tested. It was found that the silica microspheres (SPs), which possess an amorphous phase, uniform micro-scale structure, and small particle size, could generate Li4SiO4TCES materials with a highest initial capacity of 777.7 kJ/kg at 720 °C/900 °C under pure CO2. As a result, the SP-L showed an excellent cumulative heat storage amount of 5.84 MJ/kg within 10 heat-releasing/storage cycles, which was nearly 1.5 times greater than the value of Li4SiO4derived from commonly used silicon dioxide. Furthermore, the effects of the utilized Si source on the performance of as-prepared Li4SiO4and corresponding mechanisms were discussed, which offers guidance for the future selection of Si sources to produce high-performance Li4SiO4-based TCES heat carriers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Jingrui Liu,Yimin Xuan,Liang Teng,Qibin Zhu,Xianglei Liu,Yulong Ding
The calcium-based thermochemical energy storage is one of the most promising technologies in the field of solar energy utilization and energy storage. However, the pore-scale spectral absorption and heat and mass transfer processes of calcium-based particles in thermochemical energy storage remain unclear. In this work, the spectral absorption, flow heat transfer and chemical reaction coupling processes are investigated from the perspective of a single modified calcium-based particle. Among them, the spectral absorption properties are studied by Finite-Difference Time-Domain method and Monte Carlo ray tracing method, respectively. At the same time, the flow heat transfer and chemical reaction inside the particles are predicted based on the lattice Boltzmann method. The conversion and storage from solar to chemical energy are realized by simulations and experiments. The results show that the structure and morphology, particle size and solar irradiation flux are the main factors affecting the calcination of single particle calcium carbonate. This method reveals the intrinsic relationship between microscopic spectral absorption and thermal mass transport of single particle, and provides a theoretical basis for the co-design and optimization of photothermal systems at the particle scale.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2025
·
IF 10.9
Tiantian Yan,Bachirou Guene Lougou,Boxi Geng,Boshu Jiang,Danni Ma,Shuo Zhang,Azeem Mustafa,Wei Wang,Achraf Ghorbal,Piotr Łapka,Yong Shuai
Thermochemical energy storage offers high energy density and efficiency for concentrated solar power systems, making it a promising solution for sustainable energy storage. Cobalt oxide is particularly attractive for thermochemical energy storage due to its high energy storage capacity and excellent cycling stability. However, its performance is limited by redox thermal hysteresis and a significant temperature gap between reduction and oxidation processes. To address these challenges, this study investigates the effect of copper, manganese, and iron doping on cobalt oxide to enhance its solar light absorption and energy storage properties. The doped compounds were synthesized using the sol–gel method and thoroughly characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Key performance metrics, including oxygen storage capacity, energy storage density, and redox thermal hysteresis, were systematically analyzed. Among the tested materials, copper doping at x = 0.5 was most effective, reducing thermal hysteresis from 37 ℃ to 28 ℃ and enhancing solar absorption by 78 %. These improvements are attributed to increased oxygen vacancies and modified cation valence states, which enhance redox kinetics and light-harvesting efficiency. Additionally, the copper-doped cobalt oxide demonstrated excellent cycling stability over 20 redox cycles, highlighting its potential for high-efficiency thermochemical energy storage applications. This study provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of advanced thermochemical energy storage materials, contributing to the development of next-generation renewable energy storage technologies.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.147
T.X. Xu,X.K. Tian,A.A. Khosa,J. Yan,Q. Ye,C.Y. Zhao
The CaCO 3 /CaO reversible reaction pair is a promising thermochemical energy storage (TCES) technology for concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. However, the reaction performance and cyclic stability of this reaction pair is compromised because of sintering. In this study, TiO 2 -doped in CaCO 3 /CaO TCES system are systematically investigated by synchronous thermal analyzer (STA). The reaction kinetics of decarbonation process with and without TiO 2 doping are compared in N 2 and CO 2 atmospheres. Furthermore, the performance of CaCO 3 /CaO TCES system is analyzed in a fixed-bed reactor for future application. It is found that doping TiO 2 can improve the anti-sintering ability and cyclic stability of CaCO 3 , and the optimal doping ratio is 2.5 mol %, whose energy storage density is 1256.68 kJ/kg sample at first and improved by 2.26 times after 30 cycles. Moreover, doping TiO 2 decreases the activation energy and initial decarbonation temperature in CO 2 atmospheres. In exothermic experiments of fixed-bed reactor, the maximum exothermic temperature difference is 309.83 °C at 550 °C, and the highest absolute temperature reaches 848.7 °C at 750 °C. TiO 2 dopant promotes the decarbonation at lower temperature, and obtains a higher overall conversion (0.506) at 850 °C. Overall, CaCO 3 with TiO 2 dopant is of great significance for future industrial and commercial applications.
研究领域:
能源材料
·
太阳能技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2021
·
IF 9.709
Yongqing Xu,Tai Zhang,Bowen Lu,Cong Luo,Fan Wu,Xiaoshan Li,Liqi Zhang
Calcium looping process (CaLP) is one of the most perspective thermochemical energy storage (TCES) strategies to meet the demands of developing the 3rd generation concentrated solar power plants (CSP) in the CO 2 Brayton cycle. However, the CaO-based heat carriers inevitably experienced severe sintering over the cycles, and their energy storage capacities deteriorated drastically. Research on the energy storage capacity of the CaO-based heat carriers in a closed-loop calcium looping process for thermochemical energy storage (CaLP-TCES; i.e., calcining the CaO-based materials under CO 2 -rich stream, which is much practical in the industry) is rare. Hence, this work employed a novel recipe to synthesize a variety of organic acid–modified CaO-based heat carriers to explore their thermochemical energy storage performance in a new closed-loop CaLP-TCES system. The energy storage capacity of the materials was evaluated by a simultaneous thermal analyzer (TGA/DSC), and the mechanism behind their promising energy storage performance was explored by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, N 2 physisorption, reaction kinetics method and so on. Results showed that glycine modified eggshell (“Glycine eggshell”) was an effective heat carrier for the CaLP-TCES system. After 60 repeated cycles at “650 °C – 900 °C,” “Glycine eggshell” accumulated an energy storage capacity of 110.124 kJ/g, which was approximately six times higher than that of “Raw eggshell”. Comprehensively considered the effect of carbonation temperature and calcination temperature on the energy storage/releasing performance of the “Glycine eggshell” materials, “750 °C – 900 °C” was the best option for the closed-loop CaLP-TCES system for the concentrated solar power plants. After glycine modification, the rich mesoporous and macroporous structure in the CaO-based material was generated, thereby improved cyclic thermochemical energy storage performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
可再生能源
·
太阳能技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yi Shi,Jian Sun,Yun Long,Ruilin Wang,Zijian Zhou,Long Jiang,Chuanwen Zhao
Calcium Looping (CaL) is a noteworthy high-temperature thermochemical energy storage technology applied in the Concentrated Solar Power (CSP), given its considerable theoretical heat storage density and the low-cost raw materials. The inherent poor solar absorptance to CaO-based materials, however, limit their use in volumetric collectors that operate in direct solar-driven heat storage mode. This research implements a collaborative strategy of external Mn-doping and internal Al-loading to fabricate CaO-based composite pellets using a hydrophobic-assisted casting method. The fabricated pellets, featuring a “black exterior, white interior” design, achieve both good light absorption and stable heat storage/release capabilities. The findings reveal that incorporating a hydrophobic layer with 60 wt% MnO 2 is advantageous for preserving the structural integrity of the Mn-based outer shell and for the elevation of its optical absorption capability. Therefore, the solar absorbance of the proposed Al-stabilized CaO-based composite pellets with a dark Mn-based shell is 86.39 %, and their compressive strength is 9.38 MPa, which is notably higher than the shell-free pure CaO-based pellets (19.36 %, 0.6 MPa). Moreover, after 40 cycles, the energy storage density of the preferred CaO-based composite pellets has increased by 44.3 % compared to the initial cycle, achieving 1.07 MJ/kg. The desirable “self-reactivation” phenomenon is primarily attributed to the synergistic co-evolution of the outward soft skeleton and the inward hard skeleton within the CaO-based composite pellets, which helps maintain a stable pore structure and accelerates the carbonation rate during high-temperature cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Wenjie Li,Erfei Xiao,Chenguang Li,Chaopeng Zhang,Xin Guo
The calcium looping (CaL) technique, renowned for its exceptional ability to withstand high temperatures and remarkable heat storage capacity, perfectly complements 3rd generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. However, the poor cycling stability and low spectrum absorption rate of CaO obstruct system efficiency. In order to tackle these problems, we impregnated steel slag with acetic acid and doped Mn to create a novel CaO-based energy storage material. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fixed-bed cycling of the material revealed that the material has outstanding cyclic heat storage properties. Compared to CaO, the material has an 85 % higher initial adsorption rate, 73 % higher 30-cycle energy storage density, and 9.5 times higher average light absorption. Spherical pellets were prepared for industrial applications through the extrusion-spheronization method. The energy storage density for 30 cycles was reduced by 10.26 % for the pellets compared to the powder material, but the average light absorption rate was improved. The compressive strength of the composite pellets was 8.4 times higher than the dolomite pellets. It was found that the light absorption capacity of the material increased with the number of cycles, which was attributed to the migration of Mn and Mg from the interior to the surface. Finally, the excellent photothermal conversion capability of the new composite material was verified by the photothermal conversion test. Therefore, Mn-doped CaO-based composite material derived from steel slag is promising for application in the next-generation CaL-CSP system.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
太阳能技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Fei Jin,Chao Xu,Hangyu Yu,Xin Xia,Feng Ye,Xin Li,Xiaoze Du,Yongping Yang
The redox cycle of doped CaMnO3−δ has emerged as an attractive way for cost-effective thermochemical energy storage (TCES) at high temperatures in concentrating solar power. The role of dopants is mainly to improve the thermal stability of CaMnO3−δ at high temperatures and the overall TCES density of the material. Herein, Co-doped CaMnO3−δ (CaCoxMn1–xO3−δ, x = 0–0.5) perovskites have been proposed as a promising candidate for TCES materials for the first time. The phase compositions, redox capacities, TCES densities, reaction rates, and redox chemistry of the samples have been explored via experimental analysis and theoretical calculations. The results demonstrate that CaCo0.05Mn0.95O3−δ showed an enhanced redox capacity (1000 °C at pO2 = 10–5 bar) without decomposition and provided the highest TCES density of ∼571 kJ kg–1 reported so far. The effective Co doping tended to increase the valence states of B-site cations in perovskite and facilitate the diffusion of the lattice oxygen atoms into the surface-active oxygen sites. Furthermore, the high cooling rates deteriorated the microstructure of CaCo0.05Mn0.95O3−δ particles and resulted in incomplete heat release, which is instructive to the design and operation of the TCES systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
X.C. Han,H.J. Xu,W.S. Hua
MgO/Mg(OH) 2 is a potential thermochemical material with high heat density and stable characteristics. Four additives including Carbons, Carbides, Nitrides and Titanates were selected for modification. The decomposition behavior and kinetics analysis were both investigated. It is found that Titanates has a catalytic effect, and the tested energy storage density can be increased to 971 J/g. The spectral absorption of candidate material with 6% graphite can reach to more than 50% and 6% CaTiO 3 has an extremely high absorption in the short wave segment. In microscopic morphology, Mg(OH) 2 particles sintered at high temperature will form adhesion agglomeration. Due to the special microstructures of candidate materials, agglomeration phenomenon is effectively alleviated and the candidate materials with 6% graphite or CaTiO 3 are both ideal modified materials. The optimized mechanism of modified material with 6% CaTiO 3 was illustrated by model. To investigate the kinetics mechanism, the model of non-isothermal decomposition was developed. The activation energies of pure material, sample with 6%graphite and sample with 6%CaTiO 3 are 141 kJ/kg, 113 kJ/kg and 122 kJ/kg respectively. The shape factor polynomials and kinetic governing equations were obtained. According to the established kinetics equations, the heating processes at 8 K, 12 K and 25 K/min were predicted. The study can provide a necessary kinetics reference for the numerical calculation of thermochemical heat storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热能工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2020
·
IF 5.647
Shuo Li,Jia Liu,Tianwei Tan,Jiapei Nie,Huili Zhang
To reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, the substitution of fossil fuel by renewable energy sources is increasingly important. Matching energy supply and demand is however required, even more so if intermittent renewable energy sources are employed. Thermal energy storage then offers significant advantages. Thermo-chemical energy storage systems, using reversible reactions, have a high reaction enthalpy that exceeds the storage capacities of sensible and latent heat modes. Magnesium hydroxide is a candidate TCES material for such a system at temperature around 300 °C, and adaptable when doping Mg(OH) 2 with metal salts. Both pure Mg(OH) 2 and its composites with 1, 3, 6 and 10 wt% LiNO 3 are studied. The present work validates this TCES process and develops reaction rate equations needed for its design. The LiNO 3- doping significantly reduces the onset temperature of dehydration. For pure Mg(OH) 2 , the temperature is 325 °C. It is reduced to 289 °C when 1 wt% LiNO 3 is present, and further reduced to 269 °C at a dosage of 10 wt% LiNO 3 . Whereas the dehydration of pure Mg(OH) 2 is slow, with a rate constant k of 1.72 10 −5 s −1 at 300 °C, adding increasing amounts of LiNO 3 progressively increases the reaction rate constant to ~10 −2 s −1 at 300 °C when 10 wt% LiNO 3 is present. The kinetic expressions enable to predict the conversion yield and amount of heat stored or released for any desired temperature and selected duration of the heat-induced dehydration. LiNO 3- doped Mg(OH) 2 have a high potential in TCES applications when the heat source is available at temperatures between 250 and 400 °C, since the equilibrium temperature and the extent of de-hydration Mg(OH) 2 can be tuned to the required temperature range by adding different wt% of LiNO 3 .
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Yuxiang Cheng,Zhongjie Shen,Feng Lv,Dayang Wan,Yongchuan Gao,Yiru Yang,Haifeng Lu,Zhenghua Dai,Haifeng Liu
During the Ca(OH) 2 /CaO thermochemical energy storage process, the cyclability of reactions and the consolidation properties of powder storage are important issues to consider. In this study, experiments were conducted to assess the evolution of reaction conversion, particle size and penetration resistance of Ca(OH) 2 /CaO powder fixed bed. The results revealed that the final conversions of both the hydration and dehydration reactions stabilized between 70 and 80%. The particle size distributions of Ca(OH) 2 increased initially and then decreased with the increasing cycle number and degree of dehydration. The dehydration conversion was the dominant factor for changing Ca(OH) 2 bed penetration resistance force. The particle size and penetration resistance of the CaO bed remained stable during long-term storage at high temperatures. The theoretical analysis of the inter-particle forces agreed with the trend of the experimental results, with particle size and moisture content being the main factors affecting cohesion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Zhiguo Bian,Xiaotong Ma,Xiao Lu,Hao Yu,Long Chang,Zongying Han,Chongzheng Sun,Wan Zhang
The doping strategy with dark metallic oxide has proven effective in improving optical absorptions and heat storage performances of calcium-based materials for the direct solar-driven thermochemical energy storage system, but the microscopic mechanisms of accelerated decomposition of CaCO 3 during heat storage process are still unclear. Carbide slag as an industrial waste with low cost and high CaO content is considered as a potential calcium-based precursor for large-scale thermochemical energy storage. Herein, the novel Fe-doped and Mn-doped calcium-based materials were synthesized from carbide slag and their optical absorption properties and heat storage performances were determined in the experiment. The optimum decomposition temperatures of CaCO 3 during heat storage process decreased 10.5 °C and 18.6 °C due to Fe doping and Mn doping, respectively. The acceleration mechanisms by Fe doping and Mn doping for enhancing the CO 2 separation of CaCO 3 in the calcination stage of the heat storage process were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The structural parameters, partial density of states, electron differential densities and energy barriers during CO 3 2– dissociation in heat storage process on the doped CaCO 3 and undoped CaCO 3 surfaces were compared to clarify the effects of Fe doping and Mn doping on the CaCO 3 decomposition. The energy barriers of Fe-doped material and Mn-doped material are 1.68 eV and 1.42 eV, respectively, which are 29.4% and 40.3% lower than that of undoped material. This work helps to understand the microscopic mechanisms of accelerated CaCO 3 decomposition by Fe and Mn during heat storage process.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
计算化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）