Energies
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 9
·3441
·
IF 3.252
Shucheng Wang,Liuyang Han,Hanxiao Liu,Ying Dong,Xiaohao Wang
The prosperity of intelligent wearables brings an increasingly critical problem of power supply. Regular rechargeable lithium or disposable button batteries have some problems, such as limited capacity, frequent replacement, environmental pollution, etc. Wearable energy harvester (WEH) can fundamentally solve these problems. Among WEHs, thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a promising option due to its independence of light condition or the motion of the wearer, and thermoelectric conversion (TEC) has the characteristics of quietness and continuity. Therefore, TEG has become a suitable choice for harvesting low-grade heat energy such as human body heat. Ionic thermoelectric gel (iTEG) has the advantages of a large Seebeck coefficient, freely defined shape and size, low processing cost, wide material sources, easy encapsulation, etc. In this paper, the gelatin-based iTEG is regulated and optimized by silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs). The optimal compound quantity of SiO2NPs is determined, and the optimization mechanism is discussed through a series of characterization tests. Based on the iTEG, a kind of scalable flexible TEGs is proposed, and its preparation method is described in detail. A small wristband TEG (STEG) was made, and its Seebeck coefficient is 74.5 mV/K. Its bendability and stretchability were verified, and the impedance matching experiment was carried out. By charging a capacitor, the STEG successfully lights up an LED at a temperature difference (ΔT) of ~15.5 K. Subsequently, a large extended oversleeve TEG (LTEG) was prepared, and a set of heat sinks was added at the cooling end of the LTEG. Being worn on a volunteer’s forearm, the LTEG output a voltage of more than 3 V at ~20 °C. Through storing the converted energy in a capacitor, the LTEG directly drove a calculator without a DC–DC booster. The proposed iTEG and TEGs in this paper have the prospect of mass production, extending to people’s clothes, harvesting human body heat and directly powering wearable electronics.Keywords:thermoelectric generator;wearable energy harvester;thermoelectric material;ionic gelatin;flexible thermoelectrics
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
npj Flexible Electronics
·
2020
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 0
Qu Dawei,Huang Xuan,Li Xin,Wang Hanfu,Chen Guangming
Organic and composite thermoelectric (TE) materials have witnessed explosive developments in recent years. Design strategy of their flexible devices is vital to achieve high performance and suit various application environments. Here, we propose a design strategy of annular flexible TE devices with integrated-module architecture, where the independent modules made up of alternatively connected p-n couples are connected in series, and then rounded head-to-tail into annular configuration. The achieved devices can not only save plenty of space owing to their highly integrated structure design, but also be directly mounted on cylindrical objects (like pipes) to suit versatile applications. More importantly, the annular TE devices display excellent performances, superior to most previous work and the traditional serial single-layer film structure. For example, the annular device with eight modules consisting of three p-n couples reveals an output power of 12.37 μW at a temperature gradient of 18 K, much higher than that of the corresponding single-layer film structure (1.74 μW). The integration process is simple and easy to scale up. This architecture design strategy will greatly speed up the TE applications and benefit the research of organic and composite TE materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
Nanoscale
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·5857-5865
·
IF 6.895
Wenqi Lu,Tiantian He,Shuang Li,Xinru Zuo,Yao Zheng,Xunuo Lou,Jian Zhang,Di Li,Jizi Liu,Guodong Tang
SnTe is considered as a promising alternative to the conventional high-performance thermoelectric material PbTe, which inspired the thermoelectric community for a while. Here, we design a green, facile and low-energy-intensity hydrothermal route without involving any toxic or unstable chemicals to fabricate SnTe-based thermoelectric materials. Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric performance are achieved via the combination of band engineering and nanostructuring. Enhanced Seebeck coefficient and power factor are induced by converging the band structure and creating resonant levels due to Pb and In doping. More importantly, due to the reduced grain sizes, nanoparticles, and dual-atom point defect scattering, ultralow lattice thermal conductivity was obtained in the bulk samples fabricated by the hydrothermal route. Benefiting from the enhanced power factor and significantly reduced thermal conductivity, the peak ZT is enhanced to ∼0.7 in In/Pb codoped SnTe, a 60% improvement over pure SnTe.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS
·
2023
·Vol. 23
·期 3
·1362
·
IF 3.9
Haozhi Zhang,Hao Jia,Weiwen Feng,Zao Ni,Pengcheng Xu,Xinxin Li
Ultra-responsive single-crystal silicon MEMS thermopiles for differential thermal analysis (DTA) are developed. Facilitated by a unique “microholes interetch and sealing (MIS)” technique, pairs of suspended thermopiles are batch fabricated in a differential form, with high-density (54 pairs) n-type/p-type single-crystal silicon thermocouples integrated within each thermopile (sample area ~0.045 mm2). The fabricated MEMS thermopile sensors exhibit outstanding power responsivity of 99.5 V/W and temperature responsivity of 27.8 mV/°C, which are more than 4 times higher than those reported for material thermal analysis. The high-responsivity MEMS DTA chips allow us to accurately measure the indium melting point at different heating rates of ~1–100 °C/s. We also perform DTA measurement of the dehydration process of CuSO4·5H2O and the crystals show three stages of losing water of crystallization before becoming anhydrous copper sulfate salt. Our high-performance, cost-effective MEMS sensing chips hold promise for rapid and accurate DTA characterization for a wide range of applications.Keywords:MEMS thermopile;differential thermal analysis;DTA;single-crystal silicon thermocouples;MIS process
研究领域:
材料科学
·
微机电系统
·
热分析技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 6
·2629
·
IF 4.6
Xinru Ma,Xuxia Shai,Yu Ding,Jie Zheng,Jinsong Wang,Jiale Sun,Xiaorui Li,Weitao Chen,Tingting Wei,Weina Ren,Lei Gao,Shukang Deng,Chunhua Zeng
Thermoelectric (TE) technology, which can convert scrap heat into electricity, has attracted considerable attention. However, broader applications of TE are hindered by lacking high-performance thermoelectric materials, which can be effectively progressed by regulating the carrier concentration. In this work, a series of PbSe(NaCl)x(x = 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5) samples were synthesized through the NaCl salt-assisted approach with Na+and Cl−doped into their lattice. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that manipulating the carrier concentration by adjusting the content of NaCl is conducive to upgrading the electrical transport properties of the materials. The carrier concentration elevated from 2.71 × 1019cm−3to 4.16 × 1019cm−3, and the materials demonstrated a maximum power factor of 2.9 × 10−3W m−1K−2. Combined with an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of 0.7 W m−1K−1, a high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) with 1.26 at 690 K was attained in PbSe(NaCl)4.5. This study provides a guideline for chemical doping to improve the thermoelectric properties of PbSe further and promote its applications.Keywords:chemical doping;salt-assisted;NaCl doping;PbSe;thermoelectric material;thermoelectric performance
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 13
·3206-3211
·
IF 5.976
Dan Liu,Peng Shi,Wei Ren,Yantao Liu,Gang Niu,Ming Liu,Nan Zhang,Bian Tian,Weixuan Jing,Zhuangde Jiang,Zuo-Guang Ye
A new kind of thermocouple consisting of n-type and p-type semi-conductive oxides with a giant thermoelectric voltage is reported. The thermocouple was fabricated from n-type La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 and p-type In2O3 and it exhibits a high thermoelectric voltage of 410.3 mV at 1270 °C, which is the highest value reported for any type of thermocouples to date. This achievement challenges the long-established material selection principles for thermocouples and opens a new way for designing highly sensitive thermal sensors. The thermocouple developed in this work has great potential for practical applications in high temperature sensing in harsh environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
·
高温测量
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 3.998
Chang Chao,Wang Zongyu,Fu Benwei,Ji Yulong
Solar energy as an abundant renewable resource has been investigated for many years. Solar thermoelectric conversion technology, which converts solar energy into thermal energy and then into electricity, has been developed and implemented in many important fields. The operation of solar–thermal–electric conversion systems, however, is strongly affected by the intermittency of solar radiation, which requires installation of thermal storage subsystems. In this work, we demonstrated a new solar–thermal–electric conversion system that consists of a thermoelectric converter and a rapidly charging thermal storage subsystem. A magnetic-responsive solar–thermal mesh was used as the movable charging source to convert incident concentrated sunlight into high-temperature heat, which can induce solid-to-liquid phase transition of molten salts. Driven by the external magnetic field, the solar–thermal mesh can move together with the receding solid–liquid interface thus rapidly storing the harvested solar–thermal energy within the molten salts. By connecting with a thermoelectric generator, the harvested solar–thermal energy can be further converted into electricity with a solar–thermal–electric energy conversion efficiency up to 2.56%, and the converted electrical energy can simultaneously light up more than 40 orange-colored LEDs. In addition to stable operation under sunlight, the charged thermal storage subsystem can release the stored heat and thus enables the solar–thermal–electric system to continuously generate electricity after removal of solar illumination.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
·
可再生能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Chunyu Zhao,Yidan Wu,Dongxing Song,Shengfu Wei,Yufeng Zhang,Xing Zhang,Weigang Ma
Thermoelectric materials (TEMs) have attracted considerable interest for applications in low-grade energy harvesting, refrigeration, and sensing. Conductive polymers (CPs) represent an important class of TEMs, as they have garnered considerable attention for their dual functionality in facilitating ion transport through channel formation, while simultaneously enabling hole–electron conduction via conjugated networks. However, researchers have overlooked the connection between CP-based ionic thermoelectrics and electronic thermoelectrics. Here, we demonstrate tunable thermoelectric properties achieved exclusively through polymer annealing without any additional substance incorporation. For the PEDOT:PSS/EMIM:DCA composites, a distinct transition from ionic to electronic TEMs was observed for the first time upon annealing above 140 °C. Through comprehensive characterization techniques, we demonstrated that this transition originates from the construction of conductive networks induced by phase separation. Furthermore, by utilizing materials annealed at different temperatures, we constructed a hybrid ionic-electronic thermoelectric converter achieving energy density of 13.99 J m–2, more than 17-fold enhancement compared to a pure ionic thermoelectric converter. This work not only provides fundamental insights into charge transport in CPs but also provides insights into the design of high-performance TEMs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热电学
·
聚合物物理
·
能量转换
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Yihan Wang,Siqi Wu,Qinjian Yin,Kai Du,Qiang Yin,Bo Jiang,Site Mo
Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) can serve as building blocks and interfaces in designing functional materials. Here, the use of PDA as an interlayer between polyaniline (PANi) and multidimensional carbon materials, such as graphene quantum dots (GQD), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and graphene nanosheets (GNS), to improve the thermoelectric performance of p-type polymer-based materials has been reported. The introduction of PDA promotes the carrier mobility of GQD/PDA/PANi, CNT/PDA/PANi, and GNS/PDA/PANi ternary composites due to the superior adhesive property of PDA. An optimal conductivity of 4.98 × 104 S m–1 and a power factor of 92.17 μW m–1 K–2 at 363 K are achieved in GNS/PDA/PANi, which are much higher than the values of GNS/PDA and GNS/PANi. More surprisingly, despite the fact that GQD/PDA, CNT/PDA, and GNS/PDA binary composites show p-type properties, the pyrolysis treatment of GQD/PDA, CNT/PDA, and GNS/PDA at 800 °C results in a gain in both the electrical conductivity and negative Seebeck coefficient of c-GQD/PDA, c-CNT/PDA, and c-GNS/PDA. The c-CNT/PDA composites possess the highest Seebeck value of −30.2 μV K–1 and a maximum power factor value of 35.57 μW m–1 K–2. Finally, a flexible thermoelectric generator with 24 thermoelectric units composed of GNS/PDA/PANi and c-CNT/PDA is demonstrated, which gives an output voltage of 52.8 mV at a temperature difference of 60 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
有机化学
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Energy Material Advances
·
2025
·
IF 15.9
Shilong Zhang,Hanfu Wang,Jia Fu,Guangming Chen
Despite the recent significant advancements of thermoelectric (TE) and TE generators (TEGs), the preparation of high-performance flexible films of organic/inorganic TE composites and the subsequent rational design of TEGs still remain a challenge. Here, the flexible films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/single-walled carbon nanotube/MXene (PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT/MXene) ternary composites were prepared by a pretreatment using ethylene glycol (EG), a vacuum filtration, and a subsequent posttreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The composites exhibited a maximum room-temperature power factor (PF) of 162.15 ± 3.9 μW/(m·K2). Then, the TEGs with horizontal and vertical heat flow architectures were designed, and the effect of the number of TE legs was considered. Specifically, the vertically structured TEG-9pn prototype displayed a remarkably enhanced output power density of 474.87 μW/cm2 under a temperature gradient of 60 K. Finally, the application scenarios of harvesting the heat from a beaker containing heat water and a hot plate were explored with both horizontal and vertical structure designs. Our work is beneficial to the preparation of flexible films of organic polymer TE composites and assembly of TEGs with versatile structural designs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
He Zhang,Zhanxiang Yin,Yaqiang Wang,Yi Wu,Youbo Xing,Xin Guo
Low carrier concentration and mobility have been the primary obstructions to improving the electrical transport properties of BiCuSeO thermoelectric oxides , particularly for excessively low carrier mobility , heavily impeding the development of its thermoelectric performance. Herein, high-pressure technology is adopted to tune the electronic structure motivating carrier mobility , incorporated with the contribution of Cu deficiency to carrier concentration, achieving high carrier mobility of 25 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and outstanding electrical conductivity of 2834.57 Sm −1 . Moreover, high densities of grain boundaries and dislocations are introduced by high pressure, accompanied by the effect of Cu vacancies, suppressing phonon transport and depressing lattice thermal conductivity , finally realizing an acceptable zT of 0.56 at 823 K in BiCu 0.97 SeO. This work demonstrates that high pressure can be compatible with other methods, realizing synergetic optimizations in coupled parameters and thus improving thermoelectric performance in BiCuSeO oxides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2021
·Vol. 32
·期 15
·20295-20305
·
IF 2.478
Zhao Yaxin,Liu Dan,Yan Zhuqing,Zhang Zhidong,Zheng Yongqiu,Zhang Yanjun,Xue Chenyang
In recent years, the demand for wearable devices has promoted the research of flexible thermoelectric generators. Herein, this work reports a facile method to prepare the flexible Ag 2 Se/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) composite films. The Ag 2 Se nanorods are synthesized by the template method and then mixed with PVP solution to form the composite film optimized by the content of Ag 2 Se. The maximum power factor of the film is 16.18 µW m −1 K −2 at 320 K, and the thermoelectric generator (TEG) has an output voltage and power of 5.49 mV and 55.57 nW at a temperature difference of 40 K, respectively. Moreover, the Ag 2 Se/PVP film has good flexibility and can withstand multiple bending, the electrical conductivity reaching 89.8% and 76 % at 500 and 1000, respectively. PVP has an excellent protective capabilities effect so that the TE performance can remain stable in 40 days, and then the electrical conductivity only drops to 89 % of the initial value at 50 days. This work provides an effective method for preparing wearable thermoelectric devices, which can be extended to other composite materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）