BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Zichao Hu,Longfei Tang,Peipei Gao,Bin Wang,Chang Zhang,Yue Sheng,Weitong Pan,Lu Ding,Xueli Chen,Fuchen Wang
Plastics and paper are common components of municipal solid waste (MSW), making an in-depth understanding of their interactions essential for MSW thermal conversion. In this study, the co-pyrolysis behavior of plastic and paper was investigated. Firstly, the thermal decomposition characteristics were analyzed. Secondly, the pyrolytic behavior was elucidated in a fixed-bed reactor. Thirdly, the impact of plastic melting on co-pyrolysis was clarified. Results indicated that the thermal decomposition was accelerated between 250 °C and 283 °C, while temperatures above 400 °C resulted in inhibition. During fixed-bed pyrolysis, char yields (70.7–16.9 %) were increased by 4.0 %–12.7 %. This increase was mainly due to plastic melting, which contributed 8.6 % and increased aliphatic carbon content. Besides, PVC and PET exhibited a broader melting range > 500 °C. Bio-oil yields (25.5–70.6 %) were reduced by 3.4 %–12.4 %, primarily affecting aliphatic compositions. Gas yields (3.8–6.5 %) were reduced < 400 °C but increased with temperature, involving primarily H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , and C 2 H 6 .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2015
·Vol. 22
·期 11
·1-8
·
IF 1.92
Chen Feng,Kan Ze,Hua Sun,Liu Zhengying,Yang Mingbo
A study has been made on an attempt to further expand the current knowledge in melt processing of cellulose. The basic idea is that a few zinc compounds may remain in the regenerated cellulose by formation of a zinc-cellulose complex and hydrolysis reaction when ZnCl 2 molten hydrates are used as a solvent for cellulose. The chance is that zinc compounds may act as isolation agents to destroy the hydrogen bonding and reduce the crystallinity of cellulose. Interesting results revealed that the raw cellulose and regenerated celluloses in our work showed different structures and other, but specific, thermal behavior, admitting that the melting of cellulose was not detected. The results are preliminary but demonstrate that simply destroying the hydrogen bonding and reducing the crystallinity will promote the dehydration of cellulose at a lower temperature, since the activity of the cellulose hydroxyls would be improved unexpectedly in that condition. It is expected that this study will stimulate some new ideas to make some progress in the melt processing of this material.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small Methods
·
2021
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·2100811
·
IF 14.188
Hui Zhang,Youshen Wu,Peng Tang,Hongrui Zhu,Zhenhai Gan,Hu-Qin Zhang,Daocheng Wu
The thermal behavior of enzymes in nanoscale is of great significance to life phenomena. This nonequilibrium state real-time thermal behavior of enzymes at nanoscale cannot be accurately detected by existing methods. Herein, a novel method is developed for the detection of this thermal behavior. The enzyme-quantum dot (QD) conjugates can be obtained by chemically grafting temperature-sensitive amino-AgInS 2 QDs to the enzyme, where the QDs act as nanothermometers with a sensitivity of −2.82% °C −1 . Detecting the photoluminescence intensity changes of the enzyme-QD conjugates, the real-time thermal behavior of enzymes can be obtained. The enzyme-QD conjugates show a temperature difference as high as 6 °C above ambient temperature in nano-microregions with good reproducibility (maximum error of 4%) during catalysis, while solution temperature hardly changed. This method has a temperature resolution of ≈0.5 °C with a detection limit of 0.02 mg mL −1 of enzyme, and spatially ensured that the amino-AgInS 2 QDs are quantitatively bound to the enzyme; thus, it can accurately detect the exothermic behavior of the enzyme and can be extended to other organisms’ detection. This method has high sensitivity, good stability, and reliability, indicating its great potential application in investigating the thermal behavior of organisms in nanoscale and related life phenomena.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
纳米技术
·
生物物理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 39
·22198-22204
·
IF 3.049
Fang Yang,Ya Chen,Chuande Zhao,Long Zhang
Thermal decomposition of a highly thermostable explosive dihydroxylammonium 2,4,8,10-tetranitro-benzopyrido-1,3a,6,6a-tetraazapentalene (BPTAP) was studied using conventional thermal analysis techniques (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry). To obtain more comprehensive insight into the kinetics mechanism of BPTAP decomposition, thermoanalytical experiments were performed under non-hermetic and hermetic conditions. Several widely used thermoanalytical data processing techniques based on model-free kinetics (Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Kissinger, Freidman, numerical optimization) were studied and compared. Furthermore, to fully understand the thermal safety property of BPTAP, the kinetic model and the kinetic parameters were evaluated based on the non-isothermal DSC data by using a non-linear optimization method. The kinetic models of thermal decomposition of BPTAP under non-hermetic and hermetic conditions were different, which were identified as the generalized autocatalysis reaction and two parallel generalized autocatalysis reactions, respectively. On the basis of the aforementioned study, two important safety parameters including the time to maximum rate under adiabatic conditions and self-accelerating decomposition temperature for BPTAP in DEWAR were calculated and discussed.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
爆炸物研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AICHE JOURNAL
·
2022
·Vol. 68
·期 7
·e17679
·
IF 4.167
Jun Liang,Lei Ni,Peihong Wu,Hang Yao,Qiang Chen,Gang Fu,Juncheng Jiang
In this study, different calorimetric and analytical techniques were used to evaluate the thermal behavior of the preparation of 1-nitronaphthalene through the nitration of naphthalene with mixed acid. Differential scanning calorimetry and adiabatic calorimetry revealed that 1-nitronaphthalene lacks thermal decomposition characteristics. The results of reaction calorimetry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and the density function theory method were combined to analyze the reaction mechanism. An expanded Stoessel criticality diagram was developed to evaluate the process safety of the semibatch nitration reaction. The results revealed a higher degree of risk than that obtained when using the traditional Stoessel criticality diagram. Kinetics parameters of the reaction were investigated.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
工艺安全
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2017
·
IF 6.216
Pan Liu,Xiangyu Li,Long Cheng,Xuqiang Zhu,Yanchun Li,Dongming Song
A new type of nanothermite composed of n-Al (metal fuel) and FeF 3 (oxidizer) was investigated in this paper. The thermal behavior and combustion properties of the n-Al/FeF 3 nanothermite were compared with that of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 nanothermite by TG/DSC-MS, XRD, SEM and high-speed camera. The results showed that the decomposition of FeF 3 begins at 300 °C and releases free F ions. The F ions react with Al 2 O 3 shell covered on the surface of aluminum. The start and exothermic peak temperatures of the major reaction of n-Al/FeF 3 are at 415 °C and 520 °C respectively, which are 95 °C and 34 °C lower than those of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 . Furthermore, the FeF 3 will be reduced to Fe completely at 700 °C. However, the Fe 2 O 3 could only be converted to Fe 3 O 4 . It demonstrates that the reaction of n-Al/FeF 3 is completely, but only a part of n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 reacts at 700 °C. The n-Al/FeF 3 has larger, brighter flame and shorter burning time than n-Al/Fe 2 O 3 in open air.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·288
·
IF 5
Yanqiu Zhou,Junjie Chen,Limin Zhang,Hui Huang,Rufang Peng,Bo Jin
Polype ntafluoropropane glycidyl ether (PPFEE), a new random block hydroxyl-terminated polyfluoroether, was synthesized successfully by cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxymethyl) oxirane, and its molecular structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and gel permeation chromatography. The PPFEE-based polyurethane elastomers featuring fluorine in their side chains were prepared using PPFEE as soft segments, polyisocyanate polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate as hard segments, and dibutyltin dilaurate as catalysts under different curing conditions. The microphase separation, mechanical performance, and thermal behavior of the elastomers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, uniaxial tensile test, and thermal gravimetric analysis, respectively. Based on the results, the percentage of hard segments dissolved into the soft segments of elastomers was opposite to the change in breaking strength. The PPFEE-based polyurethane elastomer cured with 20 wt% PAPI at the curing temperature of 50 °C displayed the maximum tensile elongation of 2.26 MPa with an elongation at break of nearly 150%. The increased contents of PAPI can effectively strengthen the tensile strength, and the maximum tensile elongation was 3.04 MPa with an elongation at break of nearly 90% when the content of PAPI was 26 wt%. In addition, the PPFEE-based polyurethane elastomers exhibited excellent resistance to thermal decomposition and a sharp weight loss temperature at around 371 °C. All the results demonstrated that the PPFEE may be a potential polymeric binder as one of the ingredients applied to future propellant formulations.Keywords:fluoropolymer;polyurethane elastomers;mechanical property;thermal behavior
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
·
2023
·Vol. 48
·期 5
·e202200253
·
IF 1.8
Ting You,An Chen,Yimei Liao,Qiang Tian,Xiaohui Duan
To shed light on the structure-property relationship of a methylnitroguanidine (MeNQ)-nitroguanidine (NQ) eutectic, its thermal behavior and microstructure were studied by various techniques. The eutectic composition of MeNQ-NQ with the lowest melting temperature ( T m ) of 149.9 °C was at the mole ratio of 7 : 3, as determined by temperature-composition ( T-X ) and melting enthalpy-composition ( H-X ) diagrams. The MeNQ-NQ eutectic exhibited a homogeneous network structure composed of the plate-shaped MeNQ and acicular NQ enriched phases that resulted in a uniform melting around the T m observed by in situ variable temperature optical microscopy. The X-ray diffraction from MeNQ-NQ eutectic showed peaks that were shifted to low scattering angle, an indication of the expansion of its crystal lattice and the formation of solid solutions. Small-angle X-ray scattering from the sample showed a rough interface between the MeNQ- and NQ-enriched phases. Infrared spectral data showed absorption peaks due to −NH 2 and −CH 3 groups that were red shifted relative to the raw materials, an indication of hydrogen bond interactions between MeNQ and NQ molecules.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2023
·
IF 10.7
Ruoning Zhang,Yanhui Zhang,Jingjing Yu,Yanxiang Gao,Like Mao
Understanding the thermal behavior of emulsions with complex structures was crucial for wider applications. However, the correlations between the structural units and emulsion properties at different temperatures are poorly understood. Herein, W/O emulsions stabilized by oleogels and nanoparticles were studied during thermal process, and dynamic interactions among the structural units occurred at micro-, meso-, and macroscales. Results revealed that the thermal behavior of W/O emulsions shifted from stable (25–50 °C) to sub-stable (50–60 °C), and unstable states (60–80 °C). Microstructural analysis confirmed that the particles desorbed from the interface and dissolved in the oil phase after heating, causing water droplet coalescence in the emulsions. This was attributed to the enhanced hydrophobic interactions between the particle dispersions and the oleogel, as the contact angle and interfacial tension were decreased during heating. At the mesoscale, the T 2 values of oleogels and nanoparticle dispersion were increased more than three times from 25 °C to 80 °C, leading to the higher mobility of protons in emulsions. At the macroscale, the viscoelastic modulus of emulsions at higher temperature were higher, together with less energy dissipated by friction and increased nonlinear response. Furthermore, the temperature-induced transformation of emulsion stability can be reversibly controlled at least three times. Insights into the complex behavior of emulsions across different temperature stages can inspire the design of emulsions for specific applications.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2019
·Vol. 139
·期 2
·999-1006
·
IF 2.471
Xie Xing-Hua,Feng Yu-Qing,Liu Shang-Hao,Zhu Jing
Emulsion explosives (EE) are one of a typical industrial explosive that is widely used in engineering and mining applications due to its high detonation performance and ideal safety characteristics. However, since an EE is a multicomponent mixture with an oil-in-water structure, the presence of some substances or impurities can reduce the safety of the EE and cause accidents. We investigated the influence of ferrous ion on the thermal behavior and stability of EE during production and storage. The thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry and water solubility method were selected for the assessment of thermal behavior and stability of the EE. According to kinetic parameters, the apparent activation energy ( E a ) of the EE and the EE with ferrous ion additives was determined. The results indicated that ferrous ion could decrease the thermal decomposition temperature and E a of EE. Moreover, the degree of crystallization of ammonium nitrate increases as storage time and ferrous ion content increases. It is of important significance to reduce the hazards of the EE and to improve both safety and stability during production and storage.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
安全科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FirePhysChem
·
2021
·
IF 0
Qi Xue,Fuqiang Bi,Junlin Zhang,Jiarong Zhang,Bozhou Wang,Minjie Wu
Two novel energetic compounds, 3-nitroxymethyl-5-(4-nitro-furazan-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole ( 4 ) and 3-nitroxymethyl-5-(4-azido-furazan-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole ( 5 ), were synthesized. Both of them were fully characterized, and the structure of 4 was further confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The thermal behaviors, detonation performances and the sensitivities of 4 and 5 were also investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), EXPLO5 program and BAM standard techniques. In addition, the electrostatic potential energy surface (ESP) was studied by Multiwfn program and density functional theory at B3LPY/6-31G (d, p). Both compounds have low melt-point, good energetic performance and mechanical sensitivity, which endow them with promising properties as plasticizing ingredients in propellant formulations.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
含能材料
·
晶体结构
·
热分析
✓ 已验证
DOI
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Shuai Ma,Hongyu Huang,Haoming Zou,Xijuan Lv,Shuai Zhao,Ting Zhang,Qinghai Shu
The study focuses on resolving moisture-induced oxidative deactivation and Mg/PTFE interfacial bonding challenges in reactive materials by utilizing polydopamine (PDA) to bridge magnesium (Mg) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Initially, a 5 % PDA content was set based on FIB-SEM and specific surface area results, yielding a surface area of 18.2794 m 2 /g for Mg@5%PDA. The contact angle reached 76.91°, a 19.62° increase over raw Mg, signifying improved hydrophobicity. Subsequently, analysis of the thermal and combustion behavior of Mg@PTFE indicated continuous improvement with increasing PTFE content, reaching an inflection point at 8 % PTFE. The DSC peak temperature of Mg@PTFE increased with higher PTFE content, indicating enhanced stability. However, the DSC heat release reaches its maximum of 5806 J/g at 8 % PTFE. Meanwhile, ignition delay minimized to 117 ms at 8 % PTFE, a 53.01 % reduction compared to 4 % PTFE. Additionally, the contact angle of Mg@8%PTFE was 96.12°, a 38.83° rise from raw Mg, further improving hydrophobicity. Finally, optimal PTFE content was determined to be 8 %. Hence, the Mg@5%PDA@8%PTFE dual-core shell structure was successfully fabricated, with hydrophobicity tests showing a contact angle of 108.54°, a significant 51.25°increase over raw Mg, demonstrating exceptional hydrophobicity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
·
表面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）