POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2023
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IF 5.9
Dong Yan,Dong Chen,Jia Tan,Liping Yuan,Zizhi Huang,Dongfang Zou,Penghao Sun,Qiang Tao,Jiyong Deng,Yunchu Hu
A new and efficient flame retardant consisting of Ammonium tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triphosphate (ATITP) was prepared by a solvent-free synthesis method for improving the flame retardancy of poplar wood density boards. The flame retardant mechanism was probed, and the mechanism of capturing combustion radicals, synergistically promoting charring and inhibiting heat was summarized. The density board treated with 20% ATITP had an ultimate oxygen index (LOI) of was up to 65.1%. In the experiment of cone calorimetry (CONE), the total heat release (THR) of flame retardant density board was reduced by 73.9% compared with the pure density board sample, while the heat release rate (HRR), CO and CO 2 production were significantly reduced. In addition, the analysis with a thermogravimetric infrared coupler (TG-FTIR) and thermal cracking gas mass spectrometer (Py-GC–MS) revealed that the flame retardant exerted a gas-phase and condensed-phase flame retardant during the thermal decomposition process to alter the thermal cracking pathway of wood powder. It was demonstrated that the poplar density board treated with ATITP has good flame retardancy, which provides a simple and efficient method for flame retardant density board for building materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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林业工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2025
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IF 7.4
Ya Xue,Ying Li,Fei Zhong,Zhongxiang Bai,Pan Wang,Kui Li,Fan Lei,Zhoukun He,Yang Yang,Wei Feng,Xulin Yang
Traditional benzoxazines are largely constrained by the dependence on non-renewable resources, solvent-based synthesis, and insufficient thermal resistance. This study presents a novel high-performance bio-based benzoxazine containing phthalonitrile (BZPN), synthesized via melt condensation using eugenol, 3-aminophenoxyphthalonitrile, and paraformaldehyde. The chemical formula of BZPN was validated by FTIR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR analyses. The curing of BZPN involves ring-opening polymerization of oxazine group and ring-forming polymerization from phthalonitrile unit, yielding polybenzoxazines and heteroaromatics respectively. Combined TG-DTG, TG-FTIR with TG-MS technique, the three-stage thermal pyrolysis mechanism of BZPN was proposed. The initial decomposition ( T dm1 =395 °C) occurs through the cleavage of C N, C O, and C C bonds in the polybenzoxazine, releasing NH₃, H₂O, CH₄, and CO₂. The second stage ( T dm2 =485 °C) involves the cleavage of C O and C C bonds in the heteroaromatic networks by releasing NH₃, H₂O, CH₄, and CO₂. The final carbonization stage ( T dm3 =615 °C) includes the transformation of highly aromatic compounds into graphite. With the facile solvent-less synthesis method and superior comprehensive properties (compressive strength: >220 MPa, T g : >375 °C, T d5 : >390 °C, and C y : 72 % at 800 °C), bio-based BZPN is a promising high-performance thermosetting resin for advanced industrial and engineering applications.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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有机合成
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热分析
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Hongdi Yu,Fawei Lin,Xuan Guo,Chujun Luan,Eslam Salama,Mona Ossman,Xinghua Liu,Rundong Li,Jiantao Li,Lei Che,Wangyang Tian,Beibei Yan,Guanyi Chen
Pyrolysis of oily sludge (OS) possesses dual advantages of oil recovery and harmless treatment. Exploring the reaction pathway for petroleum hydrocarbons during pyrolysis in the presence of minerals is critical for optimizing pyrolysis parameters. This study selected six pure soil minerals and five typical oil compounds as representative to simulate OS samples. Model compounds are more helpful deriving and clarifying the internal mechanism. The mixed oil compounds were continuously loading fed into reactor loaded with varied minerals, which was facilitated the detection of pyrolytic products. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis reaction pathways of oil compounds at different temperature and pressure were simulated by ReaxFF MD. According to the experimental results, high temperature increased the content of light hydrocarbons and gas products (i.e., C 3 H 4 , C 4 H 8 , CH 4 , and H 2 ). Montmorillonite (MT) and illite (IT) exhibited catalytic ring-opening and cracking effects as alkaline minerals, while the kaolin (KL) presented catalytic aromatization effects. The catalytic ring-opening effect of calcite (CA) and hematite (MA) was equally evident, but quartz (QA) possessed a weak catalytic effect and even promoted condensation . n-Dodecane (ND) and 1-dodecene (1-DE) had more complicated pathways compared to other com-pounds with stable rings. The main cracking reaction pathway of ND was the breakage of β C C bond, and the C C bond at both ends was easier to break than the one in the middle. The pyrolysis reaction pathway of 1-DE not only included the breakage of β C C bond, and the generation of ethyl radicals. The methyl groups in methylcyclohexane (MC), methylbenzene (MB), and 1-methylnaphthalene (1-ME) could be detached, while ring-opening reactions generated free radicals . This work provides detailed explanation of pyrolysis reaction pathway of oil compounds and the catalytic mechanism of soil minerals, which helps us understand OS pyrolysis process.
研究领域:
环境化学
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能源工程
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石油污染治理
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热解机理
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计算化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
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