ChemPlusChem
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2013
·Vol. 78
·期 6
·522-527
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IF 0
Liu Yang,Zhicheng Li,Xiaofeng Lu,Yan Tong,Guangdi Nie,Ce Wang
Graphical One for all : Pd hollow nanospheres (PHNs) have been synthesized by a one-pot route using a RB-PdCl 4 2− complex (RB=rhodamine B) formed by an electrostatic interaction as sacrificial template (see scheme). The as-prepared materials exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic properties in fuel cells. A facile soft-template method to synthesize Pd hollow nanospheres (PHNs) through a one-pot route in the presence of rhodamine B (RB) at room temperature is demonstrated. RB-PdCl 4 2− complex formed by an electrostatic interaction is used as sacrificial template, which can self-degrade to synthesize metal hollow nanostructures. The PdCl 4 2− ions are continually reduced in situ and the hollow nanostructures form gradually. The as-prepared PHNs are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The as-prepared PHNs exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and durability as electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells and direct formic acid fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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能源科学
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DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2025
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IF 8.3
Hong Zhu,Shujing Tuo,Fanghui Wang
To explore the application of highly conductive and chemically stable anion exchange membranes in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, a series of novel poly (biphenyl pyridine-co-N-methyl piperidine) (s-PBPP-n-TMA) membranes were synthesized via superacid-catalyzed polymerization. Pyridine units with good thermal stability were added to poly (biphenyl piperidine) with moderately hydrophobic backbones, enhancing the differences and spatial nanostructures between hydrophilic/hydrophobic regions, and constructing obvious microphase separation. Furthermore, flexible hydrophobic alkyl spacer chains with different lengths are grafted at the N of rigid pyridine and piperidine rings, and the formation of multiple cationic sites greatly improves conductivity (>95.63 mS/cm at 80 °C). Compared to membranes without grafted flexible side chain (s-PBPP-80), the addition of side chains inhibits the formation of pyridone and the nucleophilic attack of OH − , resulting in long-term chemical stability of s-PBPP-n-TMA membranes (the residual conductivities were higher than 81.08 % in 2 M NaOH at 80 °C for 1800 h). In terms of single-cell testing, the s-PBPP-6-TMA with the best comprehensive performance achieved a maximum power density of 656.10 mW/cm 2 (H 2 /O 2 ) at 80 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2021
·
IF 9.127
Youxu Yu,Fengjia Xie,Rong Chen,Xun Zhu,Qiang Liao,Dingding Ye,Jinwang Li,Sihong Song
The objective of this work is to explore the role of CO 2 in the photocatalytic fuel cell with TiO 2 as the photoanode and methanol as a fuel under acid condition by making the anode electrolyte saturated with CO 2 . It is interesting to find that the performance of the photocatalytic fuel cell can be improved at low methanol concentration in the presence of CO 2 . This is probably because TiO 2 has an adequate conduction band for photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to organics at the photoanode, which increases the methanol concentration at the catalytic surface to alleviate the mass transfer issue encountered in the low methanol concentration operation, and hinders the recombination of the electron-hole pairs. Moreover, the methanol concentration at the outlet of the photoanode can be even higher than the supplied methanol concentration. However, this effect is weakened and even disappears as the supplied methanol concentration increases. This work gives new insights into the role of CO 2 in the photocatalytic fuel cell with the photoanode having an adequate conduction band for photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 .
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2022
·
IF 5.518
Zhekun Chen,Weitong Pan,Dingsong Yao,Ming Gao,Yunfei Gao,Xueli Chen,Jaroslaw Krzywanski,Fuchen Wang
Study on the film crack formation process of microporous layer (MPL) in fuel cells is necessary as the size of cracks substantially affects fuel cell durability. In-situ characterization of crack evolution in the full MPL ink drying process is essential to understand the crack formation mechanism. In this work, quasi in-situ crack evolution in the full MPL ink drying process under different stages is comprehensively investigated using ESEM, PLM , and regular SEM . A crack formation with subsequent crack healing mechanisms is discovered. Physiochemical characterizations indicated that the crack formation process is related to the evaporation of isopropanol, whereas the crack healing process is related to the subsequent evaporation of water. Experiments on solvent composition further indicate that the final crack size depends on the ink dispersion during the drying process. Furthermore, the optimal 1/2 IPA/water weight ratio formulation is proposed for the resulting MPL with fewer cracks.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2015
·
IF 3.313
Qiang Liao,Lin Li,Rong Chen,Xun Zhu,Hong Wang,Dingding Ye,Xiao Cheng,Muxing Zhang,Yuecheng Zhou
Photocatalytic fuel cell is a promising technology for simultaneous wastewater treatment and electricity generation . To more directionally improve the cell performance, a deep understanding of respective photoanode and cathode performances is of vital importance. In this work, therefore, a high-performance photocatalytic fuel cell with a visible-light responsive photoanode and an air-breathing cathode was developed to gain insight into each electrode potential characteristics. The potentials of each electrode were measured under different operational parameters. Experimental results showed that too low fuel concentration led to a serious mass transfer limitation at the photoanode and too high fuel concentration led to a low ionic conductivity , both of which deteriorated the cell performance. Therefore, there existed an optimum fuel concentration to achieve the best cell performance. It was also shown that an increase in the electrolyte concentration markedly improved both the photoanode and cathode performances due to enhanced reaction rates and lowered internal resistance, thereby leading to the increased cell performance. In addition, it was demonstrated that the light intensity significantly affected the photoanode potential and increasing the light intensity boosted the cell performance. The results obtained in this work provide the guidance for improving the photocatalytic fuel cell performance in future applications.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Jialin Zhao,Jian Gao,Jiayao Yang,Yijia Lei,Yanchao Zhang,Yiman Gu,Yan Wang,Wenyu Gao,Jin-bo Zhao,Zhe Wang
In this work, the “one-pot method” involving green and efficient ultrastrong acid catalysis was used to polymerize a series of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) without aryl ether bonds, which required no complex postprocessing steps and was in line with the goal of sustainable research, as the method had low cost and clean synthesis. Moreover, by doping hydrophobic thiophene groups and hydrophilic piperidinium cationic groups into the AEMs to create high-speed ionic channels while inhibiting swelling, we provide the solution to the “trade-off” problem between conductivity and dimensional stability. Multiple morphological analyses confirmed that the interconnected ion transport channels created by this structure accelerated OH– ion transport in AEMs up to 152.57 mS cm–1 at 80 °C. At the same time, the synthesized membrane showed optimum dimensional stability (WU of 56.89% and SR of 18.87%). In addition, the membrane had excellent chemical stability, maintaining a 90.78% conductivity retention (80 °C) after immersion in a 3 M NaOH solution for 1000 h. In the final single-cell test (80 °C), the QPTPSF-15 membrane with the best overall performance achieved a peak power density of 536 mW cm–2. This green strategy for the preparation of high-performance membranes addresses the limitations in the synthesis of current AEMs and provides a sustainable approach to the design and development of fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2019
·
IF 7.467
Hao-Nan Wang,Xin Chen,Rong Chen,Xun Zhu,Qiang Liao,Ding-Ding Ye,Biao Zhang,You-Xu Yu,Wei Zhang,Jin-Wang Li
High-performance photocathode development is critically important to improve the solar energy utilization. In this study, a highly-active visible-light responsive photocathode with the ternary hybrid CuS/Cu 2 O/Cu nanowires is proposed to enhance electron transfer via the nanowired and gradient band structure and thereby the solar energy utilization. The experimental results confirm the improved photoelectrochemical activity with the ternary hybrid CuS/Cu 2 O/Cu nanowired photocathode toward oxygen reduction reaction . Besides, a photocatalytic fuel cell with the ternary hybrid CuS/Cu 2 O/Cu nanowired photocathode is also developed for direct power generation accompanying with wastewater treatment . It is demonstrated that the ternary hybrid CuS/Cu 2 O/Cu nanowired photocathode shows promising perspective. This new photocathode can be employed not only for photocatalytic fuel cells but also for other photoelectrochemical systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULES
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2022
·
IF 6.057
Xiaofeng Li,Kuan Yang,Zimo Wang,Yaohan Chen,Yonggang Li,Jing Guo,Jifu Zheng,Shenghai Li,Suobo Zhang
Main-chain non-ether anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) have become a research hotspot in recent years because of their ease of preparation and excellent alkaline stability. However, owing to the limitations of the types of monomers and polymerization mechanisms, preparing main-chain non-ether AEMs with controllable morphology remains challenging. Herein, seven poly(fluorene alkylene) membranes, including random and block-structured membranes with different quaternary ammonium (QA) group distributions on the side chains, with the same ion-exchange capacity (IEC) were designed via superacid-catalyzed polymerization. The properties of the as-synthesized membranes were characterized, and the water-transport mechanism has been discussed in relation to the morphology of the membranes. The formed bicontinuous phase structure based on block biphenyl units possessed multidirectional ion channels and distinct ion clusters favorable to water molecule movement. The conductivity of the optimized membrane with a block biphenyl structure reached 208 mS cm–1 at 80 °C, and the peak power density of an H2/O2 fuel cell based on the as-prepared membrane was 0.92 W cm–2. The reported approach is effective in balancing the content of free and bound water within the membrane, generating maximum hydroxide mobility and water transport suitable for high-performance AEM fuel cells. This study highlights the significance of regulating the block structure and adjusting the segment distribution in AEMs to tune their morphologies and provides an innovative design approach for constructing high-performance AEMs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Kang Chen,Mili Liu,Yongan Li,Shiqian Zhao,Xinxuan Cheng,Jincheng Huang,Jing Zhao,Lang Gan,Yanjie Ren,Liuzhang Ouyang
Aluminum (Al) and lithium borohydride (LiBH 4 , LB for short) are highly promising candidates for chemical hydrogen storage . However, the direct utilization of Al–H 2 O reaction faces significant challenges due to the inherent issue of surface passivation , which prevents the ongoing reaction between Al and H 2 O. Additionally, the hydrolysis of LB is constrained to temperatures exceeding 0 °C, and the development of cost-effective catalysts that enable efficient hydrogen release from LB hydrolysis remains a bottleneck in realizing its practical application. Herein, we present an efficient noncatalytic hydrogen generation system utilizing Al and LB mixtures, enabling H 2 production over a broad temperature range using methanol, ethanol, or their mixtures as reaction solvents. Our results demonstrate that the H 2 generation kinetics of Al-LB composites can be precisely tailored by adjusting various parameters, such as LB content, ball-milling time, reaction temperature, and solution composition. In comparison with the traditional Al and its alloy systems , Al-LB composites exhibit remarkable performance in both hydrogen capacity and H 2 kinetics. For instance, the Al-50 % LB composite achieves a hydrogen yield of 2322 mL g −1 H 2 within 5 min (∼80 % fuel conversion). Specifically, with a 70 % LB content, the composite generates over 3100 mL g −1 H 2 within the same time, realizing nearly 90 % fuel conversion. Notably, the apparent activation energy of the Al-30 % LB and Al-50 % LB composites is determined to be 29.1 kJ mol −1 and 13.9 kJ mol −1 , much lower than that of Al-based hydrolyzable materials. These findings hold significant importance for the advancement of practical Al-based hydrogen generation systems designed for mobile or portable applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2019
·
IF 7.015
Chenxiao Lin,Xuan Liu,Qian Yang,Hongyue Wu,Fanghua Liu,Qiugen Zhang,Aimei Zhu,Qinglin Liu
Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) of side-chain polymers have attracted growing attention recently in the fuel cells. However, their dimensional stability and alkali resistance still not meet the requirements for industrial application of fuel cells. Herein we demonstrate a facile approach to prepare the side-chain-type polymer AEMs with high performances via introducing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains onto the backbone. Grafting hydrophobic side chain into the backbone favor to construct a well-defined micro-phase separation structure and fabricate fast ion transporting pathway. The resulting polyethersulfone (PES) based AEMs display a high hydroxide conductivity and good physicochemical stability. Impressively, the PES-8C 0.15 -QA 0.85 AEM has a 54.3% increase in the hydroxide conductivity and a 45% decrease in the swelling ratio (SR) by introducing a small amount of hydrophobic side chain. Furthermore, the AEMs show good mechanical properties , alkaline tolerance and oxidative stability. The loss of ionic exchange capacity and hydroxide conductivity is less than 15% after alkaline treatment (1 M KOH, 60 °C, 480 h). This approach will be favorable to exploit practical AEMs for fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2024
·
IF 9.9
Rui Wang,Xue Zhou,Mingsheng Hao,Qiang Xu,Rongji Xu,Yinshi Li
The direct liquid fuel cell utilizing hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant is considered to be the promising energy conversion technology, owing to its superior energy density and theoretical voltage. In the hydrogen peroxide-based fuel cells, the ever-changing two-phase mass transport and multi-component reaction processes resulting from the hydrogen peroxide self-decomposition exerts a pivotal influence on their performance. In this work, taken hydrogen peroxide self-decomposition into account, a cross-dimensional multi-physics model for the hydrogen peroxide-based fuel cell was proposed and developed to clarify the complex mechanisms of transports and reactions. In this ingeniously developed model, the multi-component reaction in the porous electrode is elucidated by a two-dimensional (2D) sub-model, the two-phase mass transport in the flow field is captured by a three-dimensional (3D) sub-model, and the one-dimensional (1D) correlation equation is served as a bridge between them. The uneven distribution of gas–liquid volume, velocity and current density and their relationships in fuel cell with serpentine flow field and dot matrix flow field were thus achieved. Furthermore, a novel gradient dot matrix flow field was developed to match the two-phase mass transport and multi-component reaction processes of hydrogen peroxide-based fuel cell. It is found that the continuously increasing pressure and velocity along flow path is balanced by the gradient-downsized ribs and the formation of large-volume oxygen bubbles is prevented by the gradient-densified ribs, achieving obviously uniformized current density distribution. Moreover, the gradient dot matrix flow field enables 54 % higher average hydrogen peroxide coverage contents (49 %) and 86 % lower average pressure drop (172 Pa) compared to the serpentine flow field, yielding 6.3 % higher peak power density (210 mW cm −2 ) and ultra-low extra pump power in fuel cell. This work will make contribution towards gaining profound insights into the intricate mechanisms underlying mass and charge transport, and offering invaluable guidance for the flow field design for the hydrogen peroxide-based fuel cells.
研究领域:
能源科学
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化学工程
·
燃料电池技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Zhikang Deng,Yongfei Ma,Jinyao Zhu,Chenyu Zeng,Rui Mu,Zulin Zhang
Conventional electrochemical activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) is not very cost-effective and practical by the excessive input of energy. The electricity generated by photosynthetic microalgae fuel cells (MFCs) is utilized to activate PMS, which would achieve the combination of green bioelectricity and advanced oxidation processes for sustainable pollutants degradation. In this study, a novel dual-chamber of MFCs was constructed by using microalgae as anode electron donor and PMS as cathode electron acceptor, which was operating under both close-circuit and open-circuit conditions. Under close-circuit condition, 1–12 mM PMS in cathode was successfully in situ activated, where 32.00%–99.83% of SMX was removed within 24 h, which was about 1.21–1.78 times of that in the open-circuit of MFCs. Meanwhile, a significant increase in bioelectricity generation in MFCs was observed after the accumulation of microalgae biomass (4.65–5.37 mg/L), which was attributed to the efficient electron separation and transfer. Furthermore, the electrochemical analysis demonstrated that SMX or its products were functioned as electronic shuttles, facilitating the electrochemical reaction and altering the electrical capacitance. The quenching experiments and voltage output results reflected that complex active radical (SO 4 ⋅ - , ⋅OH, and 1 O 2 ) were involved in SMX removal. Seven degradation products of SMX were detected and S–N bond cleavage was the main degradation pathway. Predicted toxicity values calculated by ECOSAR program showed that all the products were less toxic or nontoxic. Finally, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the O and N atoms on SMX were more susceptible to electrophilic reactions, which were more vulnerable to be attacked by reactive species. This study provided new insights into the activation of PMS by bioelectricity for SMX degradation, proposing the mechanisms for PMS activation and degradation sites of SMX.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）