PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2023
·
IF 7.8
Jianfei Ding,Xingqing Yan,Yichang Jiang,Chen Song,Fei Xiao,Jie Zou,Qi Zhang,Jianliang Yu
The explosion of starch poses a potential threat to the process safety of food and energy enterprises in product processing and storage. To control explosion, a 5 m 3 columnar tank with a 10 m long connecting pipe at one end and a 700 mm diameter explosion vent at the other end was built as an experimental device. Combined controlled explosion experiments were conducted using a rupture disc with a static activation pressure of 10 kPa and a chemical barrier containing ABC powder with nitrogen as the driving gas to investigate the pressure and flame change characteristics inside the vessel and piping. The experimental results show that the maximum explosion pressure in the connected vessel without explosion venting is 41.21kPa and the maximum pressure rise rate is 5.20 bar/s. Explosion venting reduces the maximum explosion pressure and pressure rise rate in the vessel by 52.31 % and 21.92 %, respectively, and reduces the flame propagation speed in the pipeline, so that the chemical barrier device can effectively isolate the flame when the installation distance is more than 6 m. The N 2 and ABC dry powder two-phase explosion suppressant produced an effective inhibition effect through the physical effects of oxygen insulation, heat absorption, and thermal transmission weakening, as well as the chemical effect of eliminating explosive radicals. The explosion venting provides an initial defense by releasing any remaining pressure and heat of the explosion, while the chemical barrier provides a secondary layer of protection by extinguishing the flame and suppressing the explosion in the pipe to prevent further damage. This combination can greatly reduce the risk of equipment damage, injuries, and fatalities caused by explosions in industrial settings.
研究领域:
安全工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2020
·
IF 4.966
Minggao Yu,Xueyan Wang,Kai Zheng,Shixin Han,Chuandong Chen,Rongjun Si,Lei Wang
Methane explosion threats the safety in mining, gas recovery and the related downstream industry. The present study examined the suppression effect of KHCO 3 (K) modified montmorillonite (K/MMT) inhibitor on reducing the hazard of methane/air mixtures explosion. The characteristic indices of explosion containing the maximum pressure (P max ), the maximum rate of pressure rise ( (dP/dt) max ), the time of pressure peak arriving ( t max ), were experimentally obtained in a standard 20 L explosion device. The hazard mitigating effect of each modified inhibitor was evaluated. which also elucidated the inhibition mechanism based on the characteristic parameters of K/MMT. Results showed that the K/MMT demonstrates better suppression effect than monomer inhibitor and the maximum decrease of P max (34.9 %) and (dP/dt) max (94.4 %) occurs when 45 wt% KHCO 3 are loaded (45 wt%-K/MMT). When 45 wt%-K/MMT is used, 0.125 g/L is the optimal concentration to decrease K G to a minimum of 0.849 MPa m/s. This work presents an efficient modified inhibitor by using innovative technology, which is applied to mitigate or prevent disaster. The technology also provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the future development of inhibitors.
研究领域:
矿业安全
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 2.174
Jian Su,Yang Cheng,Shi Song,Hong Ma,Wen Wang,Yu Wang,Shi Zhang
In the paper, explosion characteristics of coal dust in the presence of strong oxidant were studied using a 20-L spherical vessel, and the influential factors, including air relative humidity, ambient temperature and combustible gas of hybrid explosion were investigated. Results showed that sodium chlorate dust could increase the explosion severity of coal dust to some extent, while the power of hybrid explosion was weakened for the increasing content of its decomposition product. The explosibility of blend samples both presented a trend of increasing at low air relative humidity and then deceasing at high air relative humidity. The explosion severities of blend samples were strengthened for the increasing ambient temperature in a certain range. CH4 had a promotion effect on the explosion performance of Blend A, and Pmax and (dP/dt)max values of Blend A dust explosion, respectively, increased by 56.1% and 200% with the addition of CH4. While the explosion severity of Blend B was promoted for adding a small amount of CH4, but suppressed for a high CH4 content. The experimental results have guiding significance for the risk assessment of coexistence of coal dust and hazardous chemicals, especially in confined space.
研究领域:
安全科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 2.627
Linlin Dai,Lin Hao,Wei Kang,Wei Xu,Ning Shi,Hongyuan Wei
Aluminum powder explosion accidents occurred frequently, but the mechanism of aluminum powder explosion is unclear. Therefore, the inhibitive effect of aluminum powder explosion plays a key role. To evaluate the inhibition capacity of different kinds of carbonates and phosphates: NaH 2 PO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , KHCO 3 and NaHCO 3 on aluminum deflagrations , a standard 20-L spherical chamber was used to determine the explosion severity, characterized by the maximum explosion pressure ( P max ). New parameters have been proposed: the minimum significant inert concentration (MSIC) and the minimum complete inert concentration (MCIC), which characterized the effect of inert. Experimental results showed that from the minimum significant inert concentration (MSIC) and the minimum complete inert concentration (MCIC), phosphate can have a significant inhibiting effect. 40% NaH 2 PO 4 can totally inert the aluminum explosion, and 50% (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 or 50% NH 4 H 2 PO 4 can also suppress the explosion. Through simulation, phosphate mainly acts via a chemical inhibition pathway, which inhibits the reaction of aluminum powder and oxygen by catalyzing the recombination of H atoms and O atoms. Carbonate performs inhibition in chemically, producing CO 2 , diluting the oxygen around the aluminum powder. Studies indicated that the explosion pressure of the mixture decreases as the concentration of inert dust increases. However, when the concentration of carbonates was low, SEEP (suppressant enhanced explosion parameter) phenomenon was found. This research work has a potential industrial application in high hazard aluminum working condition, which can help decrease the explosion pressure and reduce the accident loss.
研究领域:
安全科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.857
Bihe Yuan,Yunlong He,Xianfeng Chen,Qingquan Ding,Yi Tang,Yuduo Zhang,Yi Li,Qi Zhao,Chuyuan Huang,Quan Fang,Liancong Wang,Hang Jin
In the energy security field, porous materials are regarded as superb explosive attenuators that quench flames and dissipate explosion energy waves. Traditional porous materials based on polymer have been extensively explored for their flame and explosion-proof capabilities, but their applications are limited due to the lack of indispensable physical properties such as flame-retardant and antistatic properties. The polymer composites may contaminate the oil medium, as does the deterioration of their properties. By designing the material's structure and formula, a new three-dimensional mesh porous flame and explosion-proof material (TFEP) is developed through melt blending—extrusion spinning technology and material's explosion-proof performance will also be enhanced. This porous material integrates flame-retardant, antistatic, and oil-resistant performances. The TFEP's suppression effect on 9.5 vol% CH 4 /air premixed gas explosion was investigated under various filling conditions, and the optimal filling condition of TFEP was explored. Under these conditions, TFEP completely quenches the explosion flame, and the maximum explosion overpressure decay ratio for the upstream and downstream of the pipeline are 87.5% and 82.5%, respectively. TFEP eliminates the electrostatic risk generated by long-term friction of traditional polymer materials. It has moderate oil resistance and may be a candidate for explosion-proof materials in the fuel oil field.
研究领域:
能源安全
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Zhuohui Liang,Bin Zhang,Wanying Yue,Siqi Zhang,Yuanchen Xia,Boqiao Wang,Wenbin Zhu,Jinnan Zhang
To achieve effective suppression of hydrogen-air deflagration, a new deflagration-suppressing material PA@SH-SiC is formed by grafting a phosphorus-containing compound, phytic acid (PA), onto the surface of porous silicon carbide (SiC) using a self-assembly technique. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results show that PA is successfully and uniformly grafted onto the SiC substrate. In a semi-open duct with dimensions of 130∗130∗820 mm, the effects of two deflagration-suppressing materials, SiC and PA@SH-SiC, are being investigated under three pore sizes (30, 40, 50 PPI) and two thicknesses (20, 40 mm), in response to hydrogen-air deflagration at different equivalence ratios (0.3, 0.4, 0.5). Experimental results show that PA@SH-SiC exhibits superior performance in hydrogen-air deflagration compared to using porous SiC alone, reducing explosion overpressure and flame propagation velocity while minimizing flame distortion. PA coating enhances the chemical suppression effect of SiC by generating HOPO and other groups through endothermic decomposition, which absorb critical radicals like H, O, and OH, thereby weakening chain reactions. Under equivalence ratios of 0.3 and 0.4, porous SiC with 50 PPI effectively blocks most of the flame, reducing explosion overpressure and flame propagation velocity. However, 30 and 40 PPI porous SiC exacerbate deflagration. With a pore size smaller than hydrogen's MESG, 50 PPI porous SiC predominantly exhibits quenching effects, thus suppressing deflagration under equivalence ratios of 0.3 and 0.4. At 30 and 40 PPI, the pore size of porous SiC is too large, resulting in insufficient quenching capability. Instead, the disturbance caused by this leads to elongation and wrinkling of the flame, thereby intensifying the downstream gas deflagration. Taking the 0.4 equivalence ratio conditions as an example, increasing the thickness of 50 PPI porous SiC enhances deflagration suppression. Conversely, increasing the thickness of 30 PPI SiC from 20 mm to 40 mm increases Flame propagation velocity peak (V max ) by 6.3 m/s and overpressure peak (P max ) by 2.82 kPa. This is due to under the conditions of 30 and 40 PPI, increasing the thickness is equivalent to increasing the volume blocking ratio of obstacles, thereby exacerbating the deflagration effect. In addition, under different equivalence ratios, there are differences in the energy release and reaction rates of combustion, which directly affect the deflagration suppression performance of the porous materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
燃烧与爆炸学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2018
·
IF 3.441
Xuewu Jia,Feng Sun,Yi Fei,Manping Jin,Fan Zhang,Wei Xu,Ning Shi,Zhiguo Lv
The explosive properties of mixtures of aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and working solution (WS), and the main components of the working solution (1, 3, 5-trimethyl benzene(TMB), trioctylphosphate (TOP)) were investigated by the drop weight test. The explosion range was interpreted by thermal calculation, and the calculated results agreed well with the experimental test. The explosion mechanism of the TMB/H 2 O 2 mixture is the partial oxidation of TMB by H 2 O 2 , which is qualitatively obtained by analyzing the gaseous and liquid products of the TMB/ H 2 O 2 mixture after explosion. Finally, a proposed explosion mechanism was suggested.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
安全科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Arabian Journal of Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 6.212
Wang Fengxiao,Jia Jinzhang,Tian Xiuyuan
To minimize the damage and loss caused by methane explosions, and improve the safety of methane extraction, transportation, and utilization, we conducted a study on the explosion suppression performance of carbon dioxide-driven calcified montmorillonite powders with different particle sizes in a custom-designed experimental platform. The explosion suppression performance under different working conditions was evaluated according to the peak explosion overpressure, explosion power index, and the time required to reach the two outlets of the pipe network, and the explosion suppression mechanism was analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that calcified montmorillonite powder showed excellent explosion suppression performance. When the particle size of the powder was 21–32 μm and successively increased to 61–72 μm, both the explosion overpressure and explosion flame were effectively suppressed. In addition, when the particle size of the powder continued to increase to 81–92 μm, it had little enhanced suppression effect on the methane explosion. Therefore, considering the cost of use in practical applications, the calcified montmorillonite powder with a particle size of 61–72 μm was the optimal detonation inhibitor. Based on calcified montmorillonite, compound explosion suppression using carbon dioxide could serve as a theoretical reference and support for further improving the safety of methane extraction, transportation, and utilization.
研究领域:
安全工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 5
Fengxiao Wang,Jinzhang Jia,Xiuyuan Tian
Methane explosions threaten the safety of industrial security in modern society. To suppress such explosions, experiments were made through using different masses of bentonite power driven by CO 2 within a pipe network set up in an independent way. The three factors, including the peak over-pressure of an explosion, the index of the explosion power, and the time length within which the first wave of flames reached the pipe network’s outlet, were measured to evaluate the performance. Moreover, an analysis on the mechanism of suppressing explosions was also conducted. According to the results, a gradual increase of the powder mass from 20 to 50 g could promote the effect of explosion suppression, but a further increase from50 g to 60 g only led to a slight improvement of the performance. Thus, it was concluded that the use of 50 g of bentonite powder worked best for the suppression of methane explosions when environmental conservation, energy saving as well as practicality were all taken into consideration. What was found in this study is supposed to shed theoretical light on how to transport methane safely with disaster risks reduced effectively.
研究领域:
安全工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Qi Zhao,Xianfeng Chen,Yi Li,Huaming Dai
To explore the suppression mechanisms of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) on methane/coal dust explosion flame, the experiment tests of methane/coal dust explosion flame propagation under different mass fraction of APP were conducted in a vertical pipe. Using Simultaneous Thermal Analysis and Py-GC/MS to analyze the effects of APP on the thermal decomposition process and thermal pyrolysis products of coal dust. The chemical characterization of explosion residues was carried out by confocal Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on the apparent suppression ways of APP such as absorption of heat, reduction concentration of combustibles and adsorbent of free radicals, APP also limited the thermal decomposition process of coal dust and leaded to the reduction or even disappearance of some organic matters at coal dust pyrolysis. Noticeably, the investigation of explosion residues found that the carbonization effect of APP pyrolysis products and the activity reduction of functional groups (–CH 3 /–CH 2 and –OH) which contribute to ignition of coal dust, these coupling effects made it difficult for coal dust to ignite, and thus the methane/coal dust compound explosion were suppressed significantly.
研究领域:
安全科学与工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 46
·期 15
·24578-24587
·
IF 4.672
Wang Fengxiao,Jia Jinzhang,Tian Xiuyuan
Summary Methane explosion is a major threat to modern industrial safety. An explosion suppression experiment that uses montmorillonite powder with different masses driven by carbon dioxide was conducted in an independently built pipe network. The performance of different parameters was characterized by peak explosion overpressures, explosion power indexes, and times for the flame wave to reach the outlet of the pipe network. Additionally, the explosion suppression mechanism was analyzed. The results demonstrated that increasing the powder mass from 20 to 50 g gradually enhanced the explosion suppression performance, while the performance slightly increased when the powder mass increased to 60 g. Therefore, from the perspective of practical application, energy conservation, and environmental protection, selecting 50 g of montmorillonite powder can thoroughly suppress methane explosions, indicating the best performance. The conclusions of this study can provide theoretical support for improving safety in industrial transportation that uses methane and effectively mitigating disaster risk.
研究领域:
工业安全
·
爆炸抑制技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 5.64
Aihua Liu,Xiner Lu,Xinying Zhou,Cicong Xu,Xiaoqing Liang,Kairong Xiong
An efficient KHCO 3 /zeolite composite powder was prepared mechanochemically for methane explosions suppression. The suppression performance of the composite powder was investigated using a 20 L spherical explosion system. The suppression mechanism was elucidated by the analysis of pyrolysis characteristics, explosion products, and KHCO 3 suppression kinetic model . Results indicate that the composite powder significantly improved dispersion and exhibited suppression performance better than KHCO 3 . The addition of 0.1 g/L of the composite powder with 45 wt% KHCO 3 loading had excellent inhibition effect in different concentrations explosion, and for 7 vol% methane explosion, it performed the best inhibition effect, where the maximum explosion pressure ( P max ) and maximum explosion pressure rise rate ((d P /d t ) max ) were reduced by 85.76% and 94.59%, respectively. The suppression effects of KHCO 3 /zeolite composite powder involved the endothermic and barrier effects, adsorbing free radicals and consuming of H and OH radicals by Na + and KHCO 3 decomposition products.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
安全科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）