Animal Nutrition
·
2024
·
IF 6.1
Yufeng Liu,Cheng Liu,Shuo Zhang,Jinming Hu,Meng M. Li,Guangyong Zhao
The objectives of the experiment were to compare the effects of rumen-protected taurine (RPT) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on the nitrogen (N) metabolism, plasma biochemical parameters, and metabolomics in beef steers and to clarify whether taurine plays similar roles as methionine (Met) in improving the regulation of N metabolism in beef steers. Six Simmental steers aged 12 months (liveweight 325 ± 7 kg) were used as experimental animals. The experimental treatments included a basal diet, the basal diet + 70.0 g/d RPT and the basal diet + 74.2 g/d RPM. The treatments were assigned in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period included 15 d of adaptation and 5 d of sampling. The results showed that supplementing the diet with RPT or RPM did not affect the apparent nutrient digestibility ( P > 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPT or RPM increased the N retention ( P < 0.05) and the N utilization efficiency (NUE) ( P < 0.05) and decreased the urinary excretion of 3-Methylhistidine ( P < 0.05) and the estimated skeletal protein degradation rate ( P < 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPT increased the plasma concentrations of taurine ( P < 0.001), cysteine ( P = 0.010), valine ( P = 0.013) and total non-essential amino acids (NEAA) ( P = 0.047) and tended to increase the plasma concentrations of essential amino acids (EAA) + NEAA ( P = 0.087), but it did not affect the plasma concentrations of total EAA ( P > 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPM increased the plasma concentrations of methionine ( P = 0.033), lysine ( P = 0.047), cysteine ( P = 0.007), leucine ( P = 0.046), isoleucine ( P = 0.046), valine ( P = 0.034), total EAA ( P = 0.028), total NEAA ( P = 0.004) and EAA + NEAA ( P = 0.004). The plasma metabolomics profiling revealed that supplementing the diet with RPT upregulated the plasma concentrations of taurine ( P < 0.001), L-Cysteine ( P = 0.004) and some amino acid (AA) analogues ( P < 0.05) and RPM upregulated the plasma concentrations of Met ( P = 0.021), L-Isoleucine ( P = 0.036), L-Tryptophan ( P = 0.006) and some AA analogues ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, taurine has similar impacts to Met in improving the N retention and the NUE in beef steers. Taurine deficiency is one of the main reasons that the NUE of beef steers is low. Supplementation of the diet with taurine is beneficial to the N utilization in beef steers.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
畜牧学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animal Nutrition
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Manman Fan,Jinming Hu,Cheng Liu,Shuo Zhang,Yufeng Liu,Guangyong Zhao
Taurine is a sulfur-containing nonproteinogenic amino acid. Recent studies have shown that taurine can improve rumen microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis. This experiment aimed to investigate the action mechanism of taurine on rumen MCP synthesis and nitrogen (N) metabolism in beef steers using sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) as a contrast. Six steers (bodyweight 506 ± 17 kg) were assigned to three experimental groups including a basal diet (control), a basal diet supplemented with 45 g taurine/d or 50 g Na 2 SO 4 /d, and were allocated in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The amounts of sulfur from taurine and Na 2 SO 4 were equal (11.38 g/d). The results showed that, compared with the control group, both taurine and Na 2 SO 4 increased ruminal production of MCP ( P < 0.05) by 37.50% and 29.17%, respectively, and increased the concentration of sulfide (S 2- ) ( P < 0.001). Both taurine and Na 2 SO 4 increased the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber ( P < 0.05). Taurine tended to increase ( P = 0.087) while Na 2 SO 4 decreased plasma urea concentration ( P = 0.049), with the taurine group exhibiting higher plasma urea concentrations than the Na 2 SO 4 group ( P = 0.003). Taurine did not affect urinary urea excretion ( P = 0.246) whereas Na 2 SO 4 decreased urinary urea excretion compared with the control group ( P = 0.002). Compared with the control group, both taurine and Na 2 SO 4 increased urinary allantoin excretion ( P < 0.05), total purine derivatives excretion ( P < 0.05), and the estimated rumen microbial N flow ( P < 0.05). The urinary urea excretion of the taurine group was higher than the Na 2 SO 4 group ( P = 0.019). Compared with the control group, taurine did not affect N excretion, N retention (NR) or N utilization efficiency (NUE) ( P > 0.10), but Na 2 SO 4 decreased urinary N excretion ( P = 0.018) and total N excretion ( P = 0.024), and increased NR ( P = 0.024) and NUE ( P = 0.022). No differences were found in NR and NUE between the taurine and Na 2 SO 4 groups ( P > 0.10). Taurine improved ruminal MCP synthesis by enriching the pathways associated with sulfur and amino acid metabolism while Na 2 SO 4 improved ruminal MCP synthesis by enriching pathways related to nucleotide and purine metabolism. In summary, both taurine and Na 2 SO 4 improved ruminal MCP synthesis by modulating different pathways. Taurine was less effective in decreasing total N excretion than Na 2 SO 4 but no differences in NR and NUE were found between the two groups of beef steers.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
畜牧学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Kaiyong Yao,Qile Xia,Yan Cao,Bindan Chen,Jie Cai,Chenxing Liu
Yellow wine lees (YWL) are the main byproduct in the yellow wine brewing and can be used as animal feed. The deficiencies in fiber digestibility and amino acid equilibrium of YWL limited its utility value in animal feeding. The nutritional profile of YWL could be moderated after fermentation treatment. We fermented YWL with Candida utilis KF01 and Bacillus subtilis KF02, whose genomes were sequenced. We set three groups in the animal test with 15 Holstein cows : control, YWL, and fermented yellow wine lees (FYWL) group. 206 and 5 amino acid metabolism-related KEGG pathways, as well as 5257 (639 GO and 4618 eggNOG annotations) and 1579 (372 GO and 1207 eggNOG annotations) amino acid metabolism-related gene annotations were found in C. utilis KF01 and B. subtilis KF02. The collected milk samples were analyzed for composition. The contents of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 36.90% relative content), poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, 5.63% relative content), and essential amino acid (EAA, 2.01%) in the FYWL group milk were significantly (P < 0.05) higher. The content of flavor substances in the FYWL group (146.33 ng/mL) was the highest, followed by the control (89.19 ng/mL) and the YWL group (41.36 ng/mL). The principal component analysis (PCA) result presented the intra-group variations in flavor substances and differences in single substance among all groups. Feeding FYWL had significant effects (P < 0.05) in the Holstein cows on the milk composition.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
微生物学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Veterinary Sciences
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 11
·281
·
IF 2.304
Hai Wang,Guanxin Lv,Shuai Lian,Jianfa Wang,Rui Wu
Neutrophils represent the first line of mammary gland defense against invading pathogens by transmigration across the mammary epithelial cell barrier. The effect of trace elements on the migration of bovine neutrophils is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effect of copper (Cu; 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L), zinc (Zn; 1.0, 5.0 and 10 mg/L) and selenium (Se; 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) on the migration of bovine neutrophils by using a Transwell assay. The results showed that Cu, Zn and Se promoted the number of neutrophils in the trans-mammary epithelium. With the increased concentration of Cu at 1.5 mg/L, the number of neutrophils in the trans-mammary epithelium was increased significantly (p< 0.05). Zn (5.0 mg/L) and Se (0.1 mg/L) increased the migrated number of neutrophils (p< 0.01) to an extremely significant degree. These findings provided a theoretical and experimental basis for mammary gland immunity in dairy cows. Thus, we suggest that adding moderate amounts of different trace elements can improve the immune function of dairy cows.Keywords:dairy cow;neutrophil;migration;trace elements
研究领域:
兽医免疫学
·
动物营养学
·
乳品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Analytical Methods
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 10
·2801-2809
·
IF 3.498
Wang Xiaofei,Zhang Lu,Ye Nengsheng,Xiang Yuhong
A new metal–organic framework heterostructure composite (MOF@MOF, ZIF-8@PCN-128Y) was synthesized by an internal extension growth method and used as a sensor for the detection of tetracycline (TC). In this method, TC was enriched by virtue of the adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 and detected by PCN-128Y acting as an optical tentacle in virtue of its luminescence advantage. TC was rapidly detected with sensitivity and selectivity, and the limit of detection was 60 nM. At the same time, this method has good linearity and a wide linear range. TC in milk and beef samples was determined by this sensor, and the recovery rate was 94.2–106.3%. This work provided guidance for the construction and application of the MOF@MOF fluorescence sensor.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
·
2023
·
IF 3.2
Zhang Lei,Shen Hong,Zhang Jiyou,Mao Shengyong
Our objective was to investigate the contribution of the rumen microbiome on the individual milk fat percentage (MFP) of Holstein dairy cows under the same nutritional and management conditions. From 92 early lactation dairy cows, the top 10 with the highest MFP (HF; n = 10) and the last 10 with the lowest MFP (LF; n = 10) were selected for the study. As a result, the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content was significant lower in the HF group than that in the LF group (P < 0.001). The rumen acetate to propionate ratio was significant higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.035). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a minor but significant difference existed between the groups (P = 0.040). Three genera of the family Lachnospiraceae and four genera of the order Bacteroidales were identified to be the biomarkers for the LF group and HF group in the LEfSe analysis, respectively. Three microbial modules enriched by the family Lachnospiraceae were positively related to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (rs > 0.60, P < 0.05). According to the results of shotgun metagenome sequencing, three kinds of linoleic acid (LA) isomerase genes were present in the gene pools of the rumen microbiome. Among them, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium LA isomerase (BBI) was higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.007). Three metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with LA isomerase genes were positively correlated to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (rs> 0.40, P < 0.05). Furthermore, all of these three MAGs were found to be able to produce lactate. Taken together, these results indicate that the increased relative abundance of microbial population with the trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway within the rumen microbiome contributes to the decrease of MFP via the increase of rumen trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 production. This study provides a new perspective for the development of measures for improving the milking performance of dairy cows.
研究领域:
动物科学
·
微生物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 24
·4460
·
IF 5.2
Chao Ye,Zhankai Zhang,Zhi-Hong Zhang,Ronghai He,Xue Zhao,Xianli Gao
Beef potentiator is an important flavour enhancer in the food industry, while it is prone to generating insufficient compounds with umami and sweet tastes and compounds with a fishy odour during enzymatic hydrolysis of beef, resulting in poor flavour of beef potentiator. It has been extensively reported that sonication is capable of improving food flavour. However, the effect of sonication on the flavour of enzymatically hydrolysed beef liquid (EHBL) was scarcely reported. Herein, we investigated the effect of sonication on the flavour of EHBL using quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), physicochemical analysis and SPME-GC-olfactometry/MS. QDA showed that sonication had a significant effect on taste improvement and off-odour removal of EHBL. Compared with the control, sonication (40 kHz, 80 W/L) increased the contents of total nitrogen, formaldehyde nitrogen, total sugars, reducing sugars, free amino acids (FAAs) and hydrolysis degree of EHBL by 19.25%, 19.80%, 11.83%, 9.52%, 14.37% and 20.45%. Notably, sonication markedly enhanced the contents of sweet FAAs, umami FAAs and bitter FAAs of EHBL by 19.66%, 14.04% and 9.18%, respectively, which contributed to the taste improvement of EHBL. SPME-GC-olfactometry/MS analysis showed that aldehydes and alcohols were the main contributors to aroma compounds of EHBL, and sonication significantly increased the contents of key aroma compounds and alcohols (115.88%) in EHBL. Notably, sonication decreased the contents of fishy odorants, hexanoic acid and nonanal markedly by 35.29% and 26.03%, which was responsible for the aroma improvement of EHBL. Therefore, sonication could become a new potential tool to improve the flavour of EHBL.Keywords:beef potentiator;enzymatically hydrolysed beef liquid;ultrasound;aldehydes;alcohols;flavour
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 6.475
Fengfei Gu,Shuling Liang,Senlin Zhu,Jianxin Liu,Hui-Zeng Sun
Cow’s milk is a highly-nutritious dairy product part of human diet worldwide. Rumen-protected methionine (RPM) is widely used to improve lactation performance of dairy cows, but understanding of the effects of RPM on milk nutrients composition are still limited. In this study, twenty mid-lactating dairy cows were supplemented with 20 gm/day RPM for 8 weeks to investigate the responses of milk nutritional composition to RPM. Metabolomics was applied for analyzing milk metabolites and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for analysis of rumen microbial composition. Milk fat content and yield were significantly increased after RPM supplementation. Totally 443 compounds belonging to 15 classes were identified, among which 15 metabolites were significantly changed. The functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid were significantly increased in the milk after RPM supplementation. We found 48 significantly differing bacterial genera in the rumen after supplementing RPM. Multi-omics integrated analysis revealed the higher abundance of Acetobacter , unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae and Saccharofermentan contributed to the improved milk fat. In addition, the enriched abundance of Thermoactinomyces , Asteroleplasma , and Saccharofermentan showed positive correlations with higher α-ketoglutaric acid of milk. Our results uncover the metabolomic fingerprint and the key functional metabolites in the milk after supplementing RPM in dairy cows, as well as the key rumen bacteria associated with them. These findings provide novel insights into the development of functional dairy products that enriched the functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid or high milk fat.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
微生物学
·
代谢组学
·
乳品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 3.4
HuaYang Si,Yimeng Chen,Jie Yang,Xiaodong Wen
Although the roots of Achyranthes bidentata (AB), Cyathula officinalis (CO) and Achyranthes aspera (AA) are different drugs, they are always confused in clinical practice due to their similar chemical components and functions. As polysaccharides are abundant in these drugs, a systematic comparison of polysaccharides from AB, CO and AA is not only necessary to understand their similar but not identical functions, but also helpful for the quality control of them. In this study, polysaccharides from 22 batches of AB, CO and AA were compared with monosaccharide composition , molecular weight distribution and saccharide mapping. Polysaccharides of AB, CO and AA had similar monosaccharide compositions but their relative contents of fructose, glucuronic acid , galacturonic acid and glucose were significant different, and could be used as key markers to distinguish them. Results from molecular weight distribution and saccharide mapping showed polysaccharides from AB, CO and AA were mainly composed of fructans with β-2,1 and β-2, 6- D -fructosidic linkages, but their degree of polymerization were different. Meanwhile, pectins were also contained in these three drugs. AB is partial to immunomodulation while CO is partial to removing blood stasis . Fructans and pectins are the similar bioactive substance basis of AB, CO and AA whereas their structural difference might be contributed to the efficacy differentia of these three drugs. This study provides a better understanding on the profiles of polysaccharides from AB, CO and AA, further guiding their clinical usage and facilitating their quality control.
研究领域:
生药学
·
药物化学
·
中医药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 2.803
Yan-Qing Wang,Hong-Mei Zhang,Jian Cao,Bo-Ping Tang
Interactions of bisphenol S, a new bisphenol analogue with bovine serum albumin and calf thymus DNA were investigated using different spectroscopic methods and molecular modeling calculation. According to the analysis of experimental and theoretical data, we concluded that hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding primarily mediated the binding processes of bisphenol S with bovine serum albumin and DNA. In addition, the electrostatic force should not be excluded. Molecular modeling studies indicated that the binding site of bisphenol S to bovine serum albumin located in the subdomain IB, while bisphenol S was a groove binder of DNA. In addition, BPS did not obviously induce second structural changes of bovine serum albumin, but it induced a conformational change of calf thymus DNA.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
·
2018
·Vol. 156
·期 2
·272-281
·
IF 1.186
Q. Liu,C. Wang,Y. L Zhang,C. X. Pei,S. L Zhang,G. Guo,W. J. Huo,W. Z. Yang
The present study evaluated the effects of isovalerate supplementation on the development of the small intestinal mucosa in dairy calves. Forty-eight Chinese Holstein bull calves at 15 days of age and 45.1 ± 0.36 kg of body weight were assigned randomly to four groups. The treatments were control, low-isovalerate, moderate-isovalerate and high-isovalerate with 0, 3, 6 and 9 g isovalerate per calf per day, respectively. The study comprised 75 days with a 15-day adaptation period followed by a 60-day sampling period. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Six calves were chosen from each treatment at random and slaughtered at 30 and 90 days of age. The small intestine morphology and activities of amylase and trypsin improved significantly with increasing age. No interaction between treatments and age was observed. The small intestine length, mucosa layer thickness, villus height and crypt depth increased linearly with increasing isovalerate supplementation. However, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was not affected by treatment. Activities of amylase and trypsin increased linearly. The lactase activity increased linearly during the 75-day period and for pre-weaned calves but was unaltered for post-weaned calves. The relative mRNA expressions of growth hormone receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 in the small intestine mucosa increased linearly, and a similar pattern was observed for the expression of peptide transporter-1 in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. The results suggested that small intestine development was promoted by isovalerate in a dose-dependent manner.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
胃肠生理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2021
·
IF 9.381
Yuerong Yang,Yu Lu,Yinchuan Liu,Yu Pan,Hongjuan Ma,Linjuan Huang,Zhongfu Wang
Yak milk (YM) has higher protein content than other bovine milk (BM) varieties. The bioactivity of milk glycoproteins is related to N / O -glycans. We qualitatively and quantitatively compared the N / O -glycome of YM and BM glycoproteins using stable isotope labeling combined with hydrophilic interaction chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We identified 79 and 78 N -glycans in YM and BM, respectively. Two N -glycans (H4N5F1A1; H5N4F1) were exclusive to YM. The content ratios of different types of N -glycans differed significantly between YM and BM, with sialylated N -glycans 2.33 times more abundant in YM. Five and seven O -glycans were detected in YM and BM, respectively. Two O -glycans (H1N2; H1N2A1) were exclusive to BM. The bi-sialylated O -glycan, H1N1A2, accounted for 56.1% of O -glycans in YM; it was 5.97 times more abundant in YM than in BM (equal volume basis). This study provides a theoretical basis for the future utilization of YM as a functional food.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）