CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2021
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IF 9.381
Yuerong Yang,Yu Lu,Yinchuan Liu,Yu Pan,Hongjuan Ma,Linjuan Huang,Zhongfu Wang
Yak milk (YM) has higher protein content than other bovine milk (BM) varieties. The bioactivity of milk glycoproteins is related to N / O -glycans. We qualitatively and quantitatively compared the N / O -glycome of YM and BM glycoproteins using stable isotope labeling combined with hydrophilic interaction chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We identified 79 and 78 N -glycans in YM and BM, respectively. Two N -glycans (H4N5F1A1; H5N4F1) were exclusive to YM. The content ratios of different types of N -glycans differed significantly between YM and BM, with sialylated N -glycans 2.33 times more abundant in YM. Five and seven O -glycans were detected in YM and BM, respectively. Two O -glycans (H1N2; H1N2A1) were exclusive to BM. The bi-sialylated O -glycan, H1N1A2, accounted for 56.1% of O -glycans in YM; it was 5.97 times more abundant in YM than in BM (equal volume basis). This study provides a theoretical basis for the future utilization of YM as a functional food.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
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2021
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IF 3.032
Lin Yang,Yan Zhao,Fang Wang,Jie Luo
The regiodistribution of fatty acids (FAs) in triacylglycerols plays a critical role in the digestion and adsorption of milk lipids . However, the stereospecific location of FAs in yak milk triacylglycerols remains unknown. In this study, the intrapositional and interpositional distribution of FAs in the yak milk from different pastoral areas were compared with those of human milk and cow milk. When compared with human milk, the stereospecific locations of FAs were relatively similar between yak milk and cow milk. However, White yak milk and human milk contained similar interpositional proportions of linoleic, α -linolenic acid and polyunsaturated FAs at the sn -3 position, significantly higher than those of cow milk. Moreover, the sn -3 interpositional proportion of α-linolenic acid in Maiwa yak milk was even higher than that in human milk. The study suggests that yak milk might provide better nutritional benefits as a source of essential FAs than cow milk.
研究领域:
食品科学
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动物学
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营养学
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DOI
高影响因子
Foods
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2024
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·192
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IF 4.7
Senbiao Shu,Rong Jing,Liang Li,Wenhan Wang,Jinchao Zhang,Zhang Luo,Yuanyuan Shan,Zhendong Liu
Dairy products are susceptible to modifications in protein oxidation during heat processing, which can lead to changes in protein function, subsequently affecting intestinal health. Despite being a unique nutritional source, yak milk has not been thoroughly examined for the effects of its oxidized proteins on intestinal microbiota and metabolism. Hence, this study employed different heat treatment methods (low-temperature pasteurization, high-temperature pasteurization, and high-temperature sterilization) to induce oxidation in yak milk proteins. The study then assessed the degree of oxidation in these proteins and utilized mice as research subjects. Using metagenomics and metabolomics methods, this study examined the structure of intestinal microbial communities and metabolic products in mice consuming oxidized yak milk. The results showed a decrease in carbonyl and total thiol contents of yak milk proteins after different heat treatments, indicating that heat treatment causes oxidation in yak milk proteins. Metagenomic analysis of mouse intestinal microbiota revealed significant changes in 66 genera. In the high-temperature sterilization group (H), key differential genera included Verrucomicrobiales, Verrucomicrobiae, Akkermansiaceae, and 28 others. The high-temperature pasteurization group (M) mainly consisted ofLatilactobacillus,Bacillus, andRomboutsia. The low-temperature pasteurization group (L) primarily comprised ofFaecalibacterium,Chaetomium, Paenibacillaceae,Eggerthella, Sordariales, and 33 others. Functionally, compared to the control group (C), the H group upregulated translation and energy metabolism functions, the L group the M group significantly upregulated metabolism of other amino acids, translation, and cell replication and repair functions. Based on metabolomic analysis, differential changes in mouse metabolites could affect multiple metabolic pathways in the body. The most significantly affected metabolic pathways were phenylalanine metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. The changes were similar to the functional pathway analysis of mouse metagenomics, affecting amino acid and energy metabolism in mice. In summary, moderate oxidation of yak milk proteins exhibits a positive effect on mouse intestinal microbiota and metabolism. In conclusion, yak milk has a positive effect on mouse intestinal microflora and metabolism, and this study provides a scientific basis for optimizing dairy processing technology and further developing and applying yak milk.Keywords:yak milk;protein oxidation;intestinal microbiota;metabolism
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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营养学
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代谢组学
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动物科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 6.6
Jianxia Yang,Yiwen Liu,Juhong Liu,Xinrui Zhang,Yuanting Zhu,Yang Chen,Guizhen Gong,Meifeng Tao
This study developed a synbiotic fermented yak milk (F3) by integrating Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YT805 with inulin and evaluated its physicochemical, textural, and functional properties compared to probiotic (F2; L. paracasei YT805 without inulin) and control (F1; commercial starter culture only) fermented milks. Results demonstrated that F3 exhibited significantly higher water-holding capacity (55.17% vs. 49.14% in F1) and total solids (33.19% vs. 26.95% in F1) on day 0. Microstructural and circular dichroism analyses revealed a denser, homogeneous protein network in F3, characterized by reduced surface hydrophobicity (43.35% vs. 69.11% in F1) and increased β-sheet content (40.12% vs. 18.35% in F1). Texture profiles indicated improved elasticity (4.79 N vs. 0.93 N in F1) and chewiness (3.33 N vs. 0.96 N in F1), alongside reduced hardness. After 21 days of storage at 4°C, F3 retained 6.17×10 8 CFU/mL lactic acid bacteria, with L. paracasei YT805 viability maintained at 4.33×10 7 CFU/mL. Inulin content decreased by 27.22% during storage but remained sufficient to support YT805 activity. Volatile compound diversity increased in F2 and F3, notably with elevated esters, ketones, and terpenes, while sulfur-containing off-flavor compounds decreased. In vitro fermentation of F3 significantly altered gut microbiota composition, enriching Acidaminococcus , Megasphaera , Megamonas , and Parabacteroides —genera linked to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. Correspondingly, SCFAs levels (acetic, propionic, butyric acids) increased by 25 - 90%, highlighting F3’s ability to enhance gut health. These findings demonstrate that synbiotic fermented yak milk, combining YT805 and inulin, is a promising functional food for modulating gut microbiota while maintaining desirable sensory and physicochemical qualities.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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营养学
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生物技术
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功能性食品
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乳品科学
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DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
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2020
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IF 2.952
Kai Lin,Zhao Ma,Mythili Ramachandran,Cristabelle De Souza,Xue Han,Lan-wei Zhang
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of KYIPIQ, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide found in yak milk casein, on the production of nitric oxide (NO) in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally, we also sought to study the transport pathway of this peptide across monolayers of the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Treatment with peptide KYIPIQ increased NO synthesis and expression of phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in HUVECs. Our results demonstrate that KYIPIQ-induced eNOS phosphorylation is dependent on the protein kinase B (Akt) activation pathway. Furthermore, our data indicate that the peptide KYIPIQ can be transported across the Caco-2 cell monolayer and that paracellular transport is the main transcellular mechanism. Thus, our studies suggest that KYIPIQ can be potentially used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of hypertension.
研究领域:
药理学
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细胞生物学
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分子生物学
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心血管科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）