JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2024
·
IF 4
Han Xia,Hongyan Zhang,Zhehui Zhu,Kai xuan Tong,Qiaoying Chang,Hongyi Zhang,Chunlin Fan,Hui Chen
A method for the determination of eight biogenic amines (BAs) in air-dried yak meat was established using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) without derivatization. The conditions of UPLC–MS/MS, pH, hydration volume, extraction solvent, extraction salt, and clean-up sorbent were optimized according to the characteristics of the BAs and the sample matrix. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, the extract was purified using primary secondary amine (PSA) and C 18 . The BAs were determined using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) within 5 min. The eight BAs exhibited good linearity, and the determination coefficient ( R 2 ) was greater than 0.997. The limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.40 to 2.50 μg/kg and from 1.25 to 7.50 μg/kg, respectively. The accuracy was between 80.3 % and 109.6 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 0.4–7.1 %. The method was applied in the detection of representative commercial samples of different processing techniques. In this method, the sample was pretreated free of derivatization and was simple, rapid, with minimum personal error, and high sensitivity. The method was assessed via GAPI and BAGI, verifying its environmental friendliness and applicability. It provides reliable methodological support for the determination of BAs in meat products.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 5
·e14433
·
IF 1.405
Mai-Rui Gao,Qian-Da Xu,Wei-Cai Zeng
The effect and action mechanism of tea polyphenols (TP) on the tenderness of yak meat were investigated. With the treatment of TP at the low concentrations, the myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) value of yak meat was increased and its microstructure was obviously changed. By using fluorescence spectroscopy and the determination of surface hydrophobicity, the tertiary structure of myofibrillar protein (MP) showed the obvious changes with the treatment of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In addition, the secondary structure of MP was also obviously changed according to the measurement of circular dichroism (CD) spectrum, while the α-helix structure of MP decreased and the β-sheet increased. Furthermore, according to the analysis of molecular docking, EGCG could interact tightly with myofibril protein by hydrogen bonds, and changed its spatial configuration and molecular force. All results suggested that TPs showed the potentially value to improve the tenderness of yak meat in food industry. Practical applications Yak meat is more and more popular by its high nutrition value. But due to its special myofibril protein, the tenderness of yak meat is unfavorably and affects its sensory properties, which may limit its processing and consumption in food industry. In present study, TPs was used to improve the tenderness of yak meat by changing the spatial configuration and molecular force of myofibril protein, which suggested that TPs showed the potential value to enhance the quality of yak meat during its processing in food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Animals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 24
·3832
·
IF 3
Hongmei Xu,Yueyue Li,Qiao Li,Zifeng Ma,Shi Yin,Honghong He,Yan Xiong,Xianrong Xiong,Daoliang Lan,Jian Li,Wei Fu
Simple SummaryIn recent years, authoritative journals have consistently reported DHODH’s critical role in resistance to ferroptosis, significantly advancing the research on related mechanisms. Nevertheless, the nucleotide sequence of the yakDHODHgene remains unknown, and its involvements in ferroptosis processes in yak cells remain elusive. Therefore, in the present study, we cloned the coding region of the yakDHODHgene, and revealed its high conservation in mammals. Furthermore, by using a bisphenol S (BPS)-induced ferroptosis model, we confirmed the role of theDHODHgene in mitigating ferroptosis in yak skin fibroblasts (YSFs) derived from a three-mouth-old fetus. This study offers theoretical support for further exploring the functions of the yakDHODHgene and partially elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis.AbstractDihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a rate-limiting enzyme ofde novobiosynthesis of pyrimidine. Although the involvement of DHODH in resisting ferroptosis has been successively reported in recent years, which greatly advanced the understanding of the mechanism of programmed cell death (PCD), the genetic sequence of the yakDHODHgene and its roles in ferroptosis are still unknown. For this purpose, we firstly cloned the coding region sequence ofDHODH(1188 bp) from yak liver and conducted a characterization analysis of its predictive protein that consists of 395 amino acids. We found that the coding region of the yakDHODHgene presented high conservation among species. Second, the expression profile of theDHODHgene in various yak tissues was investigated using RT-qPCR. The results demonstrated thatDHODHwas widely expressed in different yak tissues, with particularly high levels in the spleen, heart, and liver. Third, to investigate the involvement ofDHODHin regulating ferroptosis in cells, yak skin fibroblasts (YSFs) were isolated from fetuses. And then, bisphenol S (BPS) was used to induce thein vitroferroptosis model of YSFs. We observed that BPS decreased the cell viability (CCK8) and membrane potential (JC-1) of YSFs in a dose-dependent manner and induced oxidative stress by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Simultaneously, it was evident that BPS effectively augmented the indicators associated with ferroptosis (MDA and BODIPY staining) and reduced GSH levels. Importantly, the co-administration of Ferrostatin-1 (Fer), a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis, significantly alleviated the aforementioned markers, thereby confirming the successful induction of ferroptosis in YSFs by BPS. Finally, overexpression plasmids and siRNAs of the yakDHODHgene were designed and transfected respectively into BPS-cultured YSFs to modulateDHODHexpression. The findings revealed thatDHODHoverexpression alleviated the occurrence of BPS-induced ferroptosis, while interference ofDHODHintensified the ferroptosis process in YSFs. In summary, we successfully cloned the coding region of the yakDHODHgene, demonstrating its remarkable conservation across species. Moreover, using BPS-induced ferroptosis in YSFs as the model, the study confirmed the role of theDHODHgene in resisting ferroptosis in yaks. These results offer valuable theoretical foundations for future investigations into the functionality of the yakDHODHgene and the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis in this species.Keywords:yak;DHODHgene;fetal fibroblasts;ferroptosis;Bisphenol S
研究领域:
分子生物学
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细胞生物学
·
遗传学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MEAT SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Yuxia Fan,Chenglin Guo,Yiwen Zhu,Dengyong Liu,Yuan Liu
The work aimed to study the effect of four drying methods, namely constant temperature hot air drying (HD), microwave drying (MD), hot air microwave drying (HMD), and gradient hot air drying (GHD), on quality characteristics of dried yak meat. The analyses of physicochemical, textural, flavor, and sensory characteristics were carried out based on these four drying methods. The results revealed that microwave dried yak jerky exhibited better color and received the highest sensory score. Hardness of samples were affected by the drying methods, which showed significant differences. There were 21 free amino acids (FAAs) detected in dried yak samples. The samples treated by microwave drying showed the highest total free amino acid content (73.30 mg/100 g) and the EUC value was significantly higher than other methods, indicating the sample displayed greater flavor. A total of 153 volatile compounds were identified in dried yak meat samples, primarily including aldehydes, ketones, and esters. Moreover, the sensory evaluation indicated that the drying methods could significantly affect on color, flavor, and overall acceptability of different samples. Microwave drying samples scored higher than other drying methods. Overall, considering aspects of quality, time savings, and energy efficiency, microwave drying of yak jerky emerges as a more satisfactory option. This study could provide important theoretical support for the application of drying methods to improve the quality of yak jerky and enhance production efficiency.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2021
·
IF 9.381
Yuerong Yang,Yu Lu,Yinchuan Liu,Yu Pan,Hongjuan Ma,Linjuan Huang,Zhongfu Wang
Yak milk (YM) has higher protein content than other bovine milk (BM) varieties. The bioactivity of milk glycoproteins is related to N / O -glycans. We qualitatively and quantitatively compared the N / O -glycome of YM and BM glycoproteins using stable isotope labeling combined with hydrophilic interaction chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We identified 79 and 78 N -glycans in YM and BM, respectively. Two N -glycans (H4N5F1A1; H5N4F1) were exclusive to YM. The content ratios of different types of N -glycans differed significantly between YM and BM, with sialylated N -glycans 2.33 times more abundant in YM. Five and seven O -glycans were detected in YM and BM, respectively. Two O -glycans (H1N2; H1N2A1) were exclusive to BM. The bi-sialylated O -glycan, H1N1A2, accounted for 56.1% of O -glycans in YM; it was 5.97 times more abundant in YM than in BM (equal volume basis). This study provides a theoretical basis for the future utilization of YM as a functional food.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
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2021
·
IF 3.032
Lin Yang,Yan Zhao,Fang Wang,Jie Luo
The regiodistribution of fatty acids (FAs) in triacylglycerols plays a critical role in the digestion and adsorption of milk lipids . However, the stereospecific location of FAs in yak milk triacylglycerols remains unknown. In this study, the intrapositional and interpositional distribution of FAs in the yak milk from different pastoral areas were compared with those of human milk and cow milk. When compared with human milk, the stereospecific locations of FAs were relatively similar between yak milk and cow milk. However, White yak milk and human milk contained similar interpositional proportions of linoleic, α -linolenic acid and polyunsaturated FAs at the sn -3 position, significantly higher than those of cow milk. Moreover, the sn -3 interpositional proportion of α-linolenic acid in Maiwa yak milk was even higher than that in human milk. The study suggests that yak milk might provide better nutritional benefits as a source of essential FAs than cow milk.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
动物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Veterinary Sciences
·
2025
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·428
·
IF 2.3
Yanbing Lou,Tingting Yang,Chenglong Xia,Shijun Yang,Huidan Deng,Yanqiu Zhu,Jing Fang,Zhicai Zuo,Hongrui Guo
Simple SummaryYak, as a unique species of plateau cattle, is highly susceptible to Cu deficiency, which is further exacerbated by poor soil conditions and low nutrient content in yak feed, which is associated with the decline of yak performance. Hormones synthesized by granulosa cells of yak follicles play an indispensable role in reproductive function. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of copper on the hormone secretion of cultured granulosa cells of yak follicles and the related molecular mechanisms. The above results showed that copper could positively promote the hormone secretion of female yaks, which provided a strategy direction with potential value for improving the fertility of yaks under the condition of copper deficiency.Yak (Bos grunniens) is the main economic animal growing in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Because of its poor growing environment, copper deficiency is common. Studies have shown that appropriate copper supplementation can improve the reproductive performance of heifers. In this study, the primary granulosa cells of yak were isolated, and different copper levels were established by adding copper chelator and copper sulfate. Biochemical, Western blot and transcriptome methods were used to reveal the mechanism of copper on the hormone secretion function of granulosa cells. The results showed that copper promoted hormone secretion by regulating the expression of steroid synthase such as StAR, CYP19A1 and CYP11A1. Transcriptome analysis showed that copper ion levels significantly affected the function of cells, and changes in copper ion level affected genes related to protein phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, lipid biosynthesis, steroid hormone synthesis and the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, copper can promote steroid hormone synthesis in the granulosa cells of yak follicles, and the MAPK signaling pathway may be involved.
研究领域:
动物科学
·
生殖生物学
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分子生物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animals
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 2
·240
·
IF 2.7
Xudong Jiang,Yao Ma,Sanni Gong,Xiangdong Zi,Dawei Zhang
Simple SummaryThe growth and development of follicles is a prerequisite for normal fertility in female animals. Granulosa cells, as an important component of the ovary, play a key role in follicular development, and their apoptosis is an important cause of follicular atresia. Resveratrol, as a common antioxidant, has various biological properties in animals in vitro and in vivo. However, the functional role of resveratrol in many aspects of yak granulosa cell activity remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated the effects of resveratrol on yak granulosa cell activity in vitro. The results showed that resveratrol when added at an appropriate concentration to the culture media of yak granulosa cells in vitro, could promote proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, enhance antioxidant properties, and promote lipid metabolism and the progesterone secretion of yak granulosa cells. This study provides some theoretical basis for research to further improve yak reproduction.AbstractResveratrol (RES) is a class of natural polyphenolic compounds known for its strong anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties. Granulosa cells (GCs) are one of the important components of ovarian follicles and play crucial roles in follicular development of follicles in the ovary. Here, we explored the effects of RES on the proliferation and functions of yak GCs. Firstly, we evaluated the effect of RES dose and time in culture on the viability of GCs, and then the optimum treatment protocol (10 μM RES, 36 h) was selected to analyze the effects of RES on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, lipid droplet content, ATP production, and steroidogenesis of GCs, as well as the expression of related genes. The results show that RES treatment significantly (1) increased cell viability and proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis by upregulatingBCL-2andSIRT1genes and downregulatingBAX,CASP3,P53, andKU70genes; (2) increased the proportion of GCs in the S phase and upregulatedCCND1,PCNA,CDK4, andCDK5genes; (3) reduced ROS accumulation and MDA content and increased GSH content, as well as upregulating the relative expression levels ofCAT,SOD2, andGPX1genes; (4) decreased lipid droplet content and increased ATP production; (5) promoted progesterone (P4) secretion and the expression of P4 synthesis-related genes (StAR,HSD3B1,andCYP11A1); and (6) inhibited E2 secretion andCYP19A1expression. These findings suggest that RES at 10 μM increases the proliferation and antioxidant properties, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes ATP production, lipid droplet consumption, and P4 secretion of yak GCs.Keywords:yak;resveratrol;granulosa cell;cell proliferation;antioxidant property;steroidogenesis
研究领域:
生殖生物学
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动物科学
·
细胞生物学
·
内分泌学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·192
·
IF 4.7
Senbiao Shu,Rong Jing,Liang Li,Wenhan Wang,Jinchao Zhang,Zhang Luo,Yuanyuan Shan,Zhendong Liu
Dairy products are susceptible to modifications in protein oxidation during heat processing, which can lead to changes in protein function, subsequently affecting intestinal health. Despite being a unique nutritional source, yak milk has not been thoroughly examined for the effects of its oxidized proteins on intestinal microbiota and metabolism. Hence, this study employed different heat treatment methods (low-temperature pasteurization, high-temperature pasteurization, and high-temperature sterilization) to induce oxidation in yak milk proteins. The study then assessed the degree of oxidation in these proteins and utilized mice as research subjects. Using metagenomics and metabolomics methods, this study examined the structure of intestinal microbial communities and metabolic products in mice consuming oxidized yak milk. The results showed a decrease in carbonyl and total thiol contents of yak milk proteins after different heat treatments, indicating that heat treatment causes oxidation in yak milk proteins. Metagenomic analysis of mouse intestinal microbiota revealed significant changes in 66 genera. In the high-temperature sterilization group (H), key differential genera included Verrucomicrobiales, Verrucomicrobiae, Akkermansiaceae, and 28 others. The high-temperature pasteurization group (M) mainly consisted ofLatilactobacillus,Bacillus, andRomboutsia. The low-temperature pasteurization group (L) primarily comprised ofFaecalibacterium,Chaetomium, Paenibacillaceae,Eggerthella, Sordariales, and 33 others. Functionally, compared to the control group (C), the H group upregulated translation and energy metabolism functions, the L group the M group significantly upregulated metabolism of other amino acids, translation, and cell replication and repair functions. Based on metabolomic analysis, differential changes in mouse metabolites could affect multiple metabolic pathways in the body. The most significantly affected metabolic pathways were phenylalanine metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. The changes were similar to the functional pathway analysis of mouse metagenomics, affecting amino acid and energy metabolism in mice. In summary, moderate oxidation of yak milk proteins exhibits a positive effect on mouse intestinal microbiota and metabolism. In conclusion, yak milk has a positive effect on mouse intestinal microflora and metabolism, and this study provides a scientific basis for optimizing dairy processing technology and further developing and applying yak milk.Keywords:yak milk;protein oxidation;intestinal microbiota;metabolism
研究领域:
食品科学
·
微生物学
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营养学
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代谢组学
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动物科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 24
·5591
·
IF 3.2
Wei Li,Yi Wu,Zengrui Gu,Chen Yang,Jiacheng Song,Jiaxuan Li,Yahao Zhang,Xuebin Lu,Jian Xiong
In this study, yak dung was used as a precursor to prepare biochar (KYBC600) via high-temperature pyrolysis and KOH modification for the adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) from aqueous solution. Compared with commonly used biomass feedstocks such as straw and fruit shells, the resource-oriented utilization of yak dung holds dual significance: it contributes to regional environmental management and enables high-value conversion of waste, underscoring its distinct regional relevance and potential for synergistic environmental governance. The physicochemical properties of KYBC600 were characterized using BET surface area analysis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Adsorption behavior and mechanisms were systematically investigated through kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies, supplemented by response surface methodology (RSM). The results demonstrated that the adsorption of TCH onto KYBC600 followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 54.10 mg·g −1 . Multiple synergistic mechanisms governed the adsorption process, including pore filling, π–π stacking, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and complexation with Ca 2+ , with chemical adsorption playing a dominant role. KYBC600 demonstrated excellent adsorption performance and regeneration capability across a wide pH range and in various real water matrices. This study provides novel perspectives on the resource utilization of livestock waste in plateau regions and provides a technical reference for treating low-concentration TCH-containing wastewater.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Veterinary Sciences
·
2024
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·619
·
IF 2
Yanbing Lou,Tingting Yang,Yanqiu Zhu,Chenglong Xia,Hengmin Cui,Huidan Deng,Yixin Huang,Jing Fang,Zhicai Zuo,Hongrui Guo
Simple SummaryYak is a unique species of highland cattle that inhabits cold regions year-round. Poor soil conditions lead to low nutrient content in forage, making yaks susceptible to trace element deficiencies. This deficiency results in reduced reproductive rates and overall productivity in yaks. Hormones synthesized by the granulosa cells of yak follicles play a crucial role in yak reproduction. In this study, the changes in cell viability, hormone secretion, and hormone synthesis-related genes were observed by adding metal trace elements and vitamins to the culture medium of cultured granulosa cells of yak follicles in vitro. The results showed that the addition of certain trace elements and vitamins had a positive effect on the activity and hormone secretion of granulosa cells in yak follicles. These findings offer a potential solution for enhancing the reproductive performance of female yaks affected by trace element deficiencies.Yak (Bos grunniens), a special breed of cattle on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, has low fertility due to nutritional deficiency, especially the trace elements. The steroid hormones estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) synthesized by yak follicular granulosa cells (BGCs) are involved in the entire reproductive process. In the present study, we investigated the effects of trace elements and vitamins on yak follicular GCs, including the cellular activity, the synthesis of E2 and P4, and the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis. The results showed that moderate supplementation of vitamin D3 (VD3), strontium (Sr), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se) enhanced granulosa cell activity. Within the safe dose range, the addition of vitamin A (VA), VD3, cobalt (Co), Sr, copper (Cu), Mn, Se, and chromium (Cr) significantly increased the synthesis of E2 by GCs, while the addition of VA, vitamin C (VC), VE, zinc (Zn), Sr, Cu, and Cr enhanced the production of P4 in GCs. The changes in steroid synthesizing genes were consistent with the changes in hormone synthesis. This study provides an experimental basis for the addition of trace elements to improve the production performance of yaks.
研究领域:
动物科学
·
生殖生物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
Yi Zhao,Xiufang Bi,Chunlei Ni,Ruifeng Ying,Khizar Hayat,Meigui Huang
This research utilized a laser particle size distribution analyzer, stability analyzer, atomic force microscope, fluorescence spectrophotometer, and ultra – performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry instrument to compare the impacts of pasteurization (PAST), ultra - high temperature instantaneous (UHT) sterilization, and ultra - high pressure (UHP) sterilization on the structure and stability of yak milk fat globules (MFGs). The findings indicated that all three sterilization methods led to a reduction in the diameter of fat globules and damaged the edge structure of the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). Nevertheless, the stability was enhanced through the reduction of Young's modulus and micropolarity of the MFGM, with UHT milk fat globules exhibiting the highest stability. Lipidomic analysis revealed a decrease in the phospholipid content in UHT milk and UHP milk, whereas the phospholipid content in PAST milk increased. Therefore, the yak milk system after UHT sterilization is the most stable. These data can contribute to the improvement of the quality of yak milk products and facilitate the further development and utilization of yak milk resources.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）