JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
·
2014
·Vol. 88
·期 1
·25-35
·
IF 2.664
Toepfer Stefan,Zellner Michael,Szalai Mark,Kuhlmann Ulrich
The western corn rootworm ( Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a major maize pest in North America and Europe. For developing population models to better understand this key pest, survival rates need to be known. In contrast to the reported field survival of eggs, the three larval instars, and pupae, the survival of the adults had not been assessed under field conditions. Weekly survival of adults was studied in large walk-in gauze cages in two fields in Hungary between 2009 and 2011. Each cage contained a combination of maize with two out of nine other crops. The number of adult beetles rapidly decreased with time following an exponential-like survivorship curve, with a weekly mortality varying between 31 and 61 %. This is in contrast to laboratory experiments, where populations decreased with time following a linear-like curve. The average lifespan was only 19 days with a maximum of 84 days. After 14 days, 55 % of adults had died, thus, having had no chance to lay eggs because of the pre-oviposition period required. Maize appeared to be the most appropriate crop for survival. Combining maize with other crops that could serve as alternative food did not enhance survivorship, and many combinations were in fact disadvantageous. Crop and weed coverage played a minor role in influencing survival, and only few weeds appeared slightly advantageous. It is argued that the role of alternative food sources for D. v. virgifera adults might be overestimated. Survivorship equations are suggested to support modelling of population dynamics of this pest and to support timing of direct control measures against the adults to prevent their egg laying and therefore damage to maize roots the following year.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
农业害虫管理
·
种群动态模型
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Lei Wang,Zhe Li,Dongdong Tuo,Mingze Li,Mengtong Guo,Wenqian Zhang,Xiaodong Wang,Fuxin Hang,Ying Zhang
Heavy metal pollution is becoming increasingly severe, and rare earth elements (REEs) play a crucial role in influencing the environmental impact of heavy metals. Mixed heavy metal pollution presents a significant challenge due to its complex effects. While many studies have focused on single heavy metal pollution, relatively few have examined the pollution caused by rare earth-heavy metal composites. This study investigated the toxic effects of Ce-Zn compound pollution on maize roots and used the integrated biomarker response (IBR) to assess the toxicity of different concentrations of Ce-Zn compound pollution on maize roots. The results showed that Ce-Zn compound pollution had a threshold effect: promoting maize growth at low concentrations but inhibiting growth at a threshold concentration of Ce 50 mg/kg-Zn 50 mg/kg. Ce-Zn compound pollution-induced oxidative stress in maize. When the pollution concentration exceeded the threshold, the H₂O₂ content in maize roots increased by 3.30 and 3.56 times, respectively, compared to the CK group, while the O₂⁻ content increased by 1.45 and 1.48 times, respectively. Cell structure damage was observed, and the levels of antioxidant enzymes—peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)—in maize roots gradually increased. At low concentrations, the Ca²⁺ absorption rate in maize roots increased by 82.99 % compared to CK. By regulating the Ca²⁺ concentration, the absorption of H⁺ and other ions was affected, enhancing intracellular enzyme activity and improving the tolerance of maize roots to compound pollution. These findings enhance our understanding of the harmful effects of combined pollution from rare earth metals and heavy metals on plants.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2018
·Vol. 25
·期 29
·29459-29467
·
IF 2.8
Zhen Lisha,Gu Jie,Hu Ting,Chen Zhixue
Veterinary antibiotics can enter agricultural fields via the application of livestock manure containing antibiotics. However, the response of soil microorganisms to compost containing antibiotics is not well understood. A 120-day pot experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of compost containing oxytetracycline (OTC) on the enzyme activities and microbial communities in maize rhizosphere soil. Swine manure was artificially spiked with OTC at four concentrations, 35, 70, 105, and 140 mg kg −1 , and combined with straw to produce compost. The compost products were applied to soil planted with maize. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected on days 1, 15, 30, 60, and 120. The results indicated that the urease activities first increased and then declined, while in contrast, the alkaline phosphatase activities first decreased and then increased slightly. Catalase exhibited dose-related activation during the maize growth period. At the end of the experiment, the soil enzyme activities were similar to their initial values, indicating that the soil enzymes showed a level of recovery. The carbon metabolic activity levels were higher in the soils with high OTC concentrations than in the control, whereas the Shannon diversity index was higher in the control soil. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the application of compost containing OTC shifted the structure of the soil microbial community and negatively affected its stability. These results suggest that the compost containing OTC exerted selective pressure on enzyme activities and microbial communities in maize rhizosphere soil and decreased their resilience to antibiotic pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.8
Baoguo Yang,Hongbin Li,Fengcheng Jiang,Mingshi wang,Shengguang Zhang,Kanghui Liu
This study demonstrates a potential pathway for valorizing agricultural and industrial residues by developing a metal-enriched biochar composite (GS/CR-MBC) from corn roots (CR) and gasification slag (GS) via one-step co-pyrolysis. The resulting composite is a mesoporous material. It possesses a specific surface area 22 times greater than that of pristine GS and over 45 times that of CR-derived biochar. The material exhibited a high tetracycline adsorption capacity of 858.7 mg/g and could be regenerated effectively, retaining over 89 % of its initial capacity after five cycles. The adsorption process following the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The primary adsorption mechanisms included ligand exchange, coordination complexation, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions. These findings highlight the promise of synergistically converting low-value residues into functional materials, supporting the development of a more sustainable and circular bioeconomy.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
环境工程
·
废弃物资源化
·
污染控制化学
·
生物炭技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）