Toxins
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·451
·
IF 3.895
Ming Li,Chuqin Yang,Yuhao Mao,Xia Hong,Daolin Du
In total, 405 samples of corn, corn products, and swine feed from China in 2016–2018 were surveyed for zearalenone (ZEN) contamination using a magnetic bead immunoassay-coupled biotin–streptavidin system (BAS-MBI). The developed BAS-MBI had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.098 ng mL−1, with half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.71 ng mL−1in working buffer, and an LOD of 0.98 ng g−1; the detection range was from 0.98 to 51.6 ng g−1in authentic agricultural samples. The BAS-MBI has been demonstrated to be a powerful method for the rapid, sensitive, specific, and accurate determination of ZEN. The ZEN positivity rate reached the highest level of 40.6% in 133 samples in 2016; ZEN levels ranged from 1.8 to 1100.0 ng g−1, with an average level of 217.9 ng g−1. In 2017, the ZEN positivity rate was the lowest at 24.5% in 143 samples; ZEN levels ranged from 1.1 to 722.6 ng g−1, with an average of 166.7 ng g−1. In 2018, the ZEN positivity rate was 31.8% in 129 samples; ZEN levels ranged from 1.3 to 947.8 ng g−1, with an average of 157.0 ng g−1. About 20% of ZEN-positive samples exceeded maximum limit levels. An alternative method of ZEN detection and a valuable reference for ZEN contamination in corn and its related products in China are provided. This survey suggests the need for prevention of serious ZEN contamination, along with management for food safety and human health.Keywords:zearalenone;contamination;magnetic bead immunoassay;corn;corn product;swine feedKey Contribution:In total, 405 corn and related product samples from China in 2016–2018 were surveyed for zearalenone contamination using a high-efficiency magnetic bead immunoassay.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
农业化学
·
动物健康
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2015
·Vol. 24
·期 3
·867-873
·
IF 0.653
Niu Liying,Li Dajing,Liu Chunquan,Liu Fuguo
Lipoxygenases (LOX) in milk-stage sweet corn and waxy corn were extracted using a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and enzyme activities were determined using linoleic acid as a substrate. Michaelis constant ( K m) values, decimal reduction times (D value), temperature sensitivity parameters (Z value), and activation energies ( E a) were calculated. Enzymes from both corn types followed first-order inactivation kinetics within 0–25 min and 50–70°C. However, enzymes exhibited different pH profiles and affinities toward linoleic acid. Km values (4.34 and 1.40 mM for sweet corn and waxy corn, respectively), heat stability values, and Ea values (116.81 and 246.82 kJ/mol) were different. Waxy corn LOX was more heat stable below 65–C with a higher D value, but was more temperature sensitive with a lower Z value. The different characteristics suggested the presence of different isoenzymes and necessitated the use of different parameters for blanching.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2014
·Vol. 25
·期 11
·1956-1964
·
IF 1.253
Dong Jianwei,Cai Le,Zhu Xiufang,Huang Xing,Yin Tianpeng,Fang Haixian,Ding Zhongtao
Cornhusk, corncob, and stigma maydis were extracted with water, aqueous ethanol, aqueous methanol, and ethyl acetate, respectively. The total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), total ketosteroid contents (TKC), and antioxidant activities [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ) radical-scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP)] of the above extracts were investigated. Their main antioxidant components were further determined and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results revealed that the aqueous ethanol and aqueous methanol were more efficient in extracting antioxidant constituents from cornhusk, corncob, and stigma maydis. Eight main antioxidant components were detected from above three by-products, and the contents of four main antioxidant components were determined. The present work revealed that the cornhusk and corncob showed similar high TPC, TFC, TKC, and antioxidant activities with stigma maydis, and could be used as potential candidates for the prevention of diseases related to various oxidant by-products of human metabolism.
研究领域:
植物化学
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食品科学
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药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·1129
·
IF 5.2
Zhe Zheng,Liyang Niu,Wencheng Yang,Yi Chen,Yousheng Huang,Chang Li
In this study, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma was used to degrade zearalenone, and the degradation efficiency and the quality of maize were evaluated. The results showed that the zearalenone degradation rates increased with the increase in voltage and time. When it was treated at 50 KV for 120 s, the degradation percentage of the zearalenone in maize could reach 56.57%. The kinetics’ analysis showed that the degradation followed a first-order reaction. The crude fiber of the maize reduced after the cold plasma treatment. In addition, cold plasma treatment did not significantly change the crude protein content, but slightly changed the fatty acid and color. The changes in maize quality are generally acceptable. DBD cold plasma may be a promising approach to reducing zearalenone in maize.Keywords:cold plasma;zearalenone;degradation;maize;quality;food safety
研究领域:
食品科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Hongxia Tan,Hongyuan Zhou,Ting Guo,Yuhao Zhang,Jiaxin Li,Chi Zhang,Liang Ma
Food processing might induce the transformation of hidden ZEN (zein-bound ZEN) in maize. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of processing factors on free ZEN and hidden ZEN. After zein was treated under different temperature and pH, ZEN was quantified in samples before and after in vitro digestion. The ratios of hidden to total ZEN in zein are decreased from 54.25% to 40.74% after thermal treatment and from 54.25% to 0 after alkaline treatment, respectively. Conversely, acid treatment increased the ratio of hidden to total ZEN from 54.25% to 100%. Thus, it can be concluded that thermal or alkaline condition induced the conversion of hidden ZEN to free ZEN while acid condition promoted the ZEN-zein interactions to form the hidden ZEN. Overall, temperature and pH values played a vital role in the conversion of hidden ZEN during food processing.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2017
·
IF 3.671
Lili Wang,Jin Xu,Xuerong Fan,Qiang Wang,Ping Wang,Jiugang Yuan,Yuanyuan Yu,Ying Zhang,Li Cui
The effect of branched limit dextrins (BLDs) on the gelatinization and retrogradation properties of corn and waxy corn starch was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide X-ray diffraction (WXRD). The DSC data showed that the presence of BLDs increased the gelatinization and decreased the gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH gel ). The retrogradation of corn and waxy corn starch were retarded by BLDs. The BLD with the lowest molecular weight had the best influence on corn and waxy corn starch retrogradation . The result of WXRD confirmed it. Avrami equation was used to analyze the enthalpies of retrograded corn and waxy corn starch. Starch recrystallization rate (k) reduced with the addition of BLDs, indicating that BLDs reduced the kinetics of starch retrogradation.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Huimin Liao,Zifang Zhou,Yangbeijia Liu,Yuyan Luo,Chenning Zhang,Yuanjiao Feng,Yinghua Shu,Jianwu Wang
It is well-known that increasing crop biodiversity plays an essential role in achieving ecologically based pest management (EBPM); however, the mechanism is poorly understood. The Three Sisters (Maize/Bean/Squash polyculture [MBS]) is a traditional mixed cropping strategy that has been practiced for thousands of years in Mesoamerica; however, mechanistic evidence for its resistance to herbivores is still lacking. In the present study, using both greenhouse and field experiments, we investigated the effects of MBS on the direct and indirect defences of maize ( Zea mays ) against Asian corn borer ( Ostrinia furnacalis ) and fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) caterpillars. MBS significantly improved the direct chemical defences of maize, especially against O. furnacalis , by increasing the content of primary metabolites, secondary metabolites (Benzoxazinoids), and phytohormones ((±)-Jasmonic acid-isoleucine, Jasmonic acid) in maize leaves, thus significantly reducing their survival and relative growth rates. MBS significantly improved the indirect chemical defences of maize by varying the species and content of volatile organic compounds (such as a mixture of nonanal, 1-dodecanol and 2-butyl-1-octanol), seemingly resulting in the avoidance of MBS plants by both herbivores in the Y-tube olfactometer tests. Field experiments further demonstrated that MBS significantly reduced damage to maize leaves by herbivores, enhanced maize yields, and increased the abundance of natural enemies. Therefore, we concluded that MBS improves the resistance of maize to major pests, and can be used as an effective and eco-friendly crop protection strategy in agroecosystems.
研究领域:
农业生态学
·
植物保护学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 35
·3970-3977
·
IF 2.896
Yunjie Sun,Shanshan Song,Aihong Wu,Liqiang Liu,Hua Kuang,Chuanlai Xu
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a kind of estrogen-like mycotoxin which contaminates primary crops and their products under natural conditions and becomes a serious hazard to human health. In this study, we prepared a sensitive and specific anti-ZEN monoclonal antibody (mAb) belonging to the IgG2b subclass, with a 50%-inhibitory concentration of 0.034 ng mL−1. A lateral flow fluorescence microsphere immunochromatographic test strip (FM-ICTS) for the rapid and ultrasensitive detection of zearalenone in corn and wheat samples was developed based on this mAb. After optimizing experimental parameters, the visual limit of detection (LOD) of the strip assay in both corn and wheat samples was 2.5 ng mL−1, and the cut-off value was 25 ng mL−1. The LOD was calculated to be 0.68 ng mL−1 in corn samples and 0.48 ng mL−1 in wheat samples. Recovery experiments showed that the test results of the strip were consistent with those of ic-ELISA. As a result, this FM-ICTS assay is reliable, simple and sensitive, and can be used for rapid detection of ZEN in corn and wheat.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Biosensors-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 7
·347
·
IF 4.9
Qi Sun,Yuting Zhou,Miaomiao Ma,Fuyan Zhang,Shuang Li,Zhuoer Chen,Yu Fang,Tao Le,Fuguo Xing
This study aimed to develop a novel fluorescent aptasensor for the quantitative detection of zearalenone (ZEN), addressing the limitations of conventional detection techniques in terms of speed, sensitivity, and ease of use. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) were synthesized via the hydrothermal method, resulting in spherical particles with a diameter of 3.25 nm. These N-CDs demonstrated high water solubility and emitted a bright blue light at 440 nm when excited at 355 nm. The fluorescence of N-CDs was quenched by dispersed gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through the inner filter effect, while aggregated AuNPs induced by NaCl did not affect the fluorescence of N-CDs. The aptamer could protect AuNPs from NaCl-induced aggregation, but the presence of ZEN weakened this protective effect. Based on this principle, optimal conditions for ZEN detection included 57 mM NaCl, 12.5 nM aptamer concentration, incubation of AuNPs with NaCl for 15 min in Tris-EDTA(TE) buffer, and incubation of aptamer with ZEN and NaCl for 30 min. Under these optimized conditions, the “signal-on” fluorescent aptasensor for ZEN detection showed a linear range of 0.25 to 200 ng/mL with a low detection limit of 0.0875 ng/mL. Furthermore, the developed aptasensor exhibited excellent specificity and could rapidly detect ZEN in corn flour samples or corn oil, achieving satisfactory recovery rates ranging from 84.7% to 108.6%. Therefore, this study presents an economical, convenient, sensitive, and rapid method for accurately quantifying ZEN in cereal products.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
食品科学
·
纳米技术
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 1.392
Kai Hao,Steven Suryoprabowo,Shanshan Song,Liqiang Liu,Hua Kuang
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by fungal species which are widespread in nature and commonly contaminate many cereal grains, such as wheat, maize, corn, barley, and other cereal grains. An immunochromatographic (ICA) test strip was developed for the rapid simultaneous detection of ZEN and its metabolite in corn flour samples. For the ICA test, antigen (ZEN-BSA) and goat anti-mouse IgG were, respectively, drawn on nitrocellulose membrane as control line and test line. Under the optimized condition, the cut-off limits of test strips for ZEN, α-ZAL, and β-ZAL were found to be 0.5 ng/mL in 0.01 M PBS and 50 ng/mL in corn flour samples, meanwhile α-ZOL, β-ZOL, and ZEA were found to be 1 ng/mL in 0.01 M PBS and 75 ng/mL in corn flour samples. Our data indicate that the ICA is sensitive, rapid, cost-effective, and specific on-site screening for ZEN and its metabolite.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
毒理学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2021
·
IF 9.381
Mei Li,Fenfen Wang,Jing Wang,Rui Wang,Padraig Strappe,Bo Zheng,Zhongkai Zhou,Ling Chen
High amylose maize starch (HAMS) and waxy maize starch (WMS) were modified by propionylation and their corresponding physicochemical characteristics, digestion and fermentation properties were studied. The results indicated that two new peaks related to methylene (2.20 ppm) and methyl (0.97 ppm) in the NMR spectrum were formed, indicating the occurrence of propionylation, and this was further confirmed by the formation of a characteristic absorption at 1747 cm −1 in the FTIR spectrum. The propionylation led the modified starch having a lower electron density contrast between the crystalline and amorphous flakes, resulting in the formation of a more compact structure following the increased degrees of substitution (DS). The propionylated starch also had a higher thermal stability and hydrophobicity . These structural changes increased the content of resistant starch (RS) and reduced the predicted glycemic index . More importantly, the gut microbiota fermentation properties indicated that the propionylation of the starch can not only increase the yield of propionate , but also increase the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study highlights a new approach to significantly enhance the RS content in starch, together with an increased SCFA generation capacity.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
营养学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2022
·
IF 9.221
Cuiling Shang,Yansong Li,Qi Zhang,Song Tang,Xiaoqian Tang,Honglin Ren,Pan Hu,Shiying Lu,Peiwu Li,Yu Zhou
Zearalenone (ZEN), as one of the most important foods and feeds pollutant mycotoxins , is threatening human and animal health. Here, we have developed a dual-signal immunoassay triggered by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for detecting ZEN in cornmeal. The immobilized ZEN-bovine serum albumin and free ZEN in the sample were competitively bound to an anti-ZEN monoclonal antibody (McAb). Then, the ALP labeled goat anti-mouse IgG (ALP-IgG) combined with the McAb. ALP catalyzed ascorbic acid 2-phosphate to produce L -ascorbic acid (AA). AA converted potassium ferricyanide (K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ]) to potassium ferrocyanide (K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]), which reacted with ferric ion (III) to promote the formation of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs). Consequently, the solution appeared multicolor changes. Meanwhile, PB NPs had a maximum absorption peak at 700 nm. It could be monitored by an UV–vis spectrometer. As an electron transfer medium, K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] was consumed gradually along with PB NPs formation. Therefore, electrochemical detection was also used for detecting ZEN. Under the optimum conditions, the logarithm of ZEN concentration showed a good linear relationship with the absorbance from 0.2 to 0.8 ng/mL (R 2 = 0.987) and the differential pulse voltammetry peak current from 0.125 to 0.5 ng/mL (R 2 = 0.993). The limits of detection of colorimetric and electrochemical methods were 0.04 and 0.08 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery rates of ZEN from cornmeal samples were in the range of 80–120%, and relative standard deviations were lower than 10%. The results demonstrated that the dual-signal immunoassay has a high sensitivity for ZEN detection in corn samples.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）