Biology-Basel
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2021
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·548
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IF 5.079
Ferry Saputra,Yu-Heng Lai,Rey Arturo T. Fernandez,Allan Patrick G. Macabeo,Hong-Thih Lai,Jong-Chin Huang,Chung-Der Hsiao
Simple SummaryThe usage of artificial sweetener has been increased from year to year as the result of pursuing healthy lifestyle. However, ironically, several studies suggest that the consumption of artificial sweeteners cause sugar-related adverse effects (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease). In this study, we explore the potential cardiovascular adverse effect of several artificial sweeteners using zebrafish as animal model. We found that artificial sweetener at the highest concentration found in nature only slightly alter the cardiovascular performance of zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, no alteration of cardiac performance showed after longer incubation which support the safety of artificial sweeteners.AbstractArtificial sweeteners are widely used food ingredients in beverages and drinks to lower calorie intake which in turn helps prevent lifestyle diseases such as obesity. However, as their popularity has increased, the release of artificial sweetener to the aquatic environment has also increased at a tremendous rate. Thus, our study aims to systematically explore the potential cardiovascular physiology alterations caused by eight commercial artificial sweeteners, including acesulfame-K, alitame, aspartame, sodium cyclamate, dulcin, neotame, saccharine and sucralose, at the highest environmentally relevant concentration on cardiovascular performance using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system. Embryonic zebrafish were exposed to the eight artificial sweeteners at 100 ppb and their cardiovascular performance (heart rate, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, stroke volume, cardiac output, heartbeat variability, and blood flow velocity) was measured and compared. Overall, our finding supports the safety of artificial sweetener exposure. However, several finding like a significant increase in the heart rate and heart rate variability after incubation in several artificial sweeteners are noteworthy. Biomarker testing also revealed that saccharine significantly increase the dopamine level in zebrafish larvae, which is might be the reason for the cardiac physiology changes observed after saccharine exposure.Keywords:artificial sweeteners;zebrafish;cardiac performance
研究领域:
毒理学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.279
Guangxi Han,Xiang Li,Gaopan Dong,Ling Zhang,Jianxiang Gao,Minyong Li,Lupei Du
Artificial sweeteners (ASs) have generally been applied as food additives to improve the taste of sweetness. Thus, their potential toxic effects have received extensive attention. Saccharin (SAC), discovered more than a century ago, has been used as the first noncaloric AS in foods and beverages for over 100 years. Although the toxicological effects such as carcinogenicity of SAC have been controversial for a long time, there is a paucity of knowledge covering its potential behavioral toxicity and neurotoxicity. Methodologically, in current research, adult zebrafish neurobehavioral phenotypic screening approaches were introduced to systematically delineate the potential behavioral and neural toxicity of SAC by phenotyping the comprehensive neuro-behavioral profiles of adult zebrafish, which were chronically (2 months) subject to SAC (0, 1, 10, and 50 mg/L) exposure. Subsequently, a cohort of standard neurobehavioral tests including the light/dark preference (LDP) test, novel tank diving (NTD) test, novel object recognition (NOR) test, social interaction test (SIT), color-associated learning and memory test, and conditional place preference test were applied to delineate the general adverse effect of SAC. Specifically, in a concentration-dependent manner, SAC significantly increased the preference toward the dark side in the LDP test, inhibited exploratory behavior to the top arena in the NTD test, dampened the motivation to explore the novel object in the NOR test, weakened social preference in the SIT, and interfered in the color-based associative learning and memory ability. For example, in the LDP test, SAC remarkably increased the swimming distance of zebrafish in the dark part from 222 ± 34.6 (control group) to 675 ± 35.0 (50 mg/L group). Finally, the quantity of certain key neurotransmitters was further measured to determine the alteration induced by SAC on the brain chemistry. In total, the current research would provide a versatile neurobehavioral phenomics-based strategy to phenotypically screen the neurotoxicity of food additives at the overall animal level and provide a reference for further neurotoxicity exploration at the tissue and molecular level.
研究领域:
毒理学
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神经科学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
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2025
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IF 3.5
Junrong Li,Shanli Zhu,Fangxiong Shi
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are widespread in the food industry, but their effects on reproductive endocrine function remain inadequately characterized within the current scientific literature. This study investigated NNS impacts on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis function in guinea pigs. The results showed that the NNS groups exhibited significantly lower serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared to controls, with rebaudioside A (RA) showing the lowest GnRH. Conversely, luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were significantly elevated in NNS groups. The RA group exhibited increased testosterone (T) levels, and all experimental groups showed more SS follicular cysts. T1R2 protein expression was highest in the sucralose (TGS) group, while gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) expression decreased significantly in NNS groups, particularly with RA. Luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) protein expression increased significantly in NNS groups, with no changes in follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) or T1R3 expression. Therefore, NNS supplementation affects HPO axis function in guinea pigs, as evidenced by decreased serum GnRH and FSH levels, increased LH content, inhibited GnRHR protein expression, and promoted LHR protein expression. The observed upregulation of T1R2 protein expression in the TGS group suggests a potential link between sweet taste receptor activation and reproductive hormone regulation.
研究领域:
内分泌学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Advances
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2023
·Vol. 2
·期 6
·837-847
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IF 0
Hussain Ijaz,Jin-Xin Zi,Si-Si Liu,Qi-Si Cai,Sheng-Ming Cheng,Zong-Xi Zhao,Guang-Guo Ying,Andy J. Sweetman,Chang-Er Chen
The extensive use of artificial sweeteners (ASs) has raised concerns regarding their presence, fate, and detrimental effects in water resources. It is thus of great interest for researchers and regulators to acquire a sensitive, robust, and practical sampling technique for monitoring ASs. In the present study, an effective and established passive sampling method based on the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique was proposed to measure ASs in water. A mixed binding gel of WAX-XDA1 (3 : 1, w/w) was used for the first time in DGT. The selected mixed binding gel exhibited strong and rapid adsorption of ASs and its total binding capacity was over 20.6 μg per disc. 1% (v/v) ammonium hydroxide-methanol was demonstrated to be an excellent elution solvent for ASs with the elution efficiencies being 80.2–104.9%. The linear accumulation of ASs by WAX-XDA1-DGT matched well with the theoretical values, indicating that the current configuration performs in accordance with the DGT principle. The assembled WAX-XDA1-DGT sampler possessed a good tolerance to a wide range of pH (4–8), ion strength (0–0.5 M), and dissolved organic matter (0–10 mg L−1). In wastewater, comparable or lower DGT-measured concentrations for the ASs were observed compared to the spot sampling results. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet been conducted to in situ monitor ASs by using the DGT-based method. This study demonstrates the robustness and reliability of WAX-XDA1-DGT for measuring ASs under a wide range of freshwater circumstances in aquatic environments.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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DOI
POULTRY SCIENCE
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2020
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IF 2.659
Jingle Jiang,Siyi Liu,Tuniyaz Jamal,Tengxin Ding,Lina Qi,Zengpeng Lv,Debing Yu,Fangxiong Shi
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary 3 kinds of sweeteners supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemicals, and jejunal physiological functions of broiler chickens for 21 D. A total of one hundred ninety-two 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates for each treatment. The treatments were basal diet ( CON ), a basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside ( STE ), a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg sucralose ( SUC ), and a basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg saccharin sodium ( SAC ). All birds were housed in 3-level battery cages. The results showed that dietary STE supplementation increased ( P < 0.05) growth performance, serum total protein, serum albumin, and jejunal antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. Both SUC and SAC supplementation decreased ( P < 0.05) serum total protein and albumin. Dietary SAC supplementation impaired the intestinal integrity, permeability, and mucus layer of the jejunum in broiler chickens. In addition, SAC supplementation elevated ( P < 0.05) the transcription expression level of jejunal bitter taste receptors and induced excessive jejunal apoptosis. Our data suggest that STE could be potentially applied as a growth-promoting and antioxidant feed additive in broiler chickens. Whereas, dietary supplementation with high level SAC has side-effects on the jejunal physiological functions of broiler chickens.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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家禽科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2018
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IF 2.88
Hongmei Zhang,Shixin Sun,Yanqing Wang,Zhenghao Fei,Jian Cao
In this work, the interactions between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and five sweeteners including aspartame (APM), acesulfame (AK), sucralose (TGS), sodium cyclamate (SC), and rebaudioside-A (REB-A) have been studied by multispectroscopic techniques, and molecular simulation in order to provide much useful information for the application of new and safer artificial sweeteners. Fluorescence quenching assays indicated that the formation of complexes between sweeteners and BSA mainly induced the fluorescence quenching of protein and the binding site number were about 1 indicting that there is one mainly binding site of APM, AK, TGS, SC, or REB-A in domain of BSA with relatively weak interactions. Molecular modeling results indicated that hydrogen bonding interactions were the mainly binding forces of sweeteners with BSA. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that APM and REB-A obviously induced the secondary structure changes of BSA. The presence of APM increased the fraction of α–Helix of BSA from 65.4% to 73.8%, while the presence of REB-A resulted in decreasing the fraction of α–helix of BSA from 65.4% to 51.2%. The melting temperature studies showed that these five sweeteners except REB-A act as stabilizers to increase the thermal stability of BSA during the thermal denaturation process. In addition, AK, TGS, and SC obviously increased the esterase-like activity of BSA, and such loss of activity of BSA induced by APM and REB-A.
研究领域:
生物化学
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食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 17
·1-11
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IF 2.8
Liu Ji,Du Haiying,Jiang Yuqiu,Zhang Lanying,Ma Yanqi,Fu Bingjie,Hu Yao,Kang Heng
Artificial sweetener needs to control the maximum dosage, such as aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin sodium, and sucralose, are mainly used in fruits, jams, beverages, desserts, and dairy products. In this research, a novel label-free fluorescent sensor based on carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method using Eupatorium odoratum L . , as a highly sensitive “turn-on”-type fluorescent probe for the detection of artificial sweetener. They exhibit photoluminous emission at 444 nm under 370 nm excitation, with a quantum yield of 20.36%. Under optimal conditions, the standard curve of aspartame, neotame, and sucralose had good linearity in the concentration range of 0–750 µmol/L, 0–400 µmol/L, and 100–800 µmol/L, respectively, and the linear correlation coefficients were 0.9913, 0.9978, and 0.9974. The CQDs were also shown to selectively react with aspartame, neotame, and sucralose, leading to fluorescence enhancing effect, and low limits of detection were 4.2383 µmol/L, 6.8834 µmol/L, and 7.6576 µmol/L, respectively, which were much lower than the limits of detection for aspartame (1.0194–33.9789 mmol/L), neotame (26.4229–792.6861 µmol/L), and sucralose (0.3772–12.5745 mmol/L) in various foodstuffs as stipulated in GB 2760-2014. The results indicated our developed sensor based on E. odoratum L . CQDs has great application prospects for artificial sweeteners detection.
研究领域:
分析化学
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食品科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2023
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IF 9.8
Xiaoyan Ma,Sinong Huang,Yuhong Jin,Hui Liao,Shaoning Chen,Hong Wang,Weijie Zhang,Yifei Wu,Weiwei Bi,Xueyan Li,Andrea M. Dietrich
Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are ubiquitously detected in the global water system, among which acesulfame (ACE) is an emerging contaminant for its chemical and biological stability and unsatisfying removal by conventional or advanced treatment technologies. Phytoremediation is an effective and sustainable in-situ remediation technology that this study is the first to explore ACE removal by aquatic plants. The emergent plants, Scirpus Validus ( S . validus ), Phyllostachys heteroclada Oliver ( P . heteroclada ) and Acorus tatarinowii ( A . tatarinowii ) showed superior removal capability than eleven floating plants, and demonstrated high phytoremediation efficiencies (PEs) of up to 75 % after 28 d domestication. ACE removal by the three emergent plants increased during domestication, as the PEs after 28 d domestication were 5.6–6.5 times of 7 d domestication. Notably, the half-life of ACE was decreased from 20.0 to 33.1 d to 1.1–3.4 d in the plant-hydroponic system, compared with 481.0–1152.4 d in control water without plants. Moreover, A . tatarinowii demonstrated the highest removal capacity for ACE with 0.37 mg/g fresh biomass weight (FW), higher than S . validus (0.27 mg/g FW) and P . heteroclada (0.20 mg/g FW). It is worth noting that a mass balance analysis demonstrated that plant transpiration and plant uptake account for about 6.72 %–18.54 % and 9.69 %–21.67 % ACE removal, while hydrolysis only accounted for about 4 % and photolysis was negligible. The rest ACE may be used as a carbon source by endophytic bacteria and root microorganisms of plants. In addition, increased temperature, pH, and illumination intensity had a significant effect on phytoremediation. In the selected experimental range, the increase of temperature from 15 °C to 35 °C, illumination intensity from 1500 lx to 6000 lx, and pH from 5 to 9 generally accelerated the PEs of ACE during the domestication process. Though the mechanism still requires further investigation, the results provide scientific and feasible data for removal of ACE from water by diverse plants for the first time, and also revealed insights for in-situ treatment of ACE.
研究领域:
环境科学
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植物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2023
·
IF 9.8
Yang Yue,Li Li,Baocheng Qu,Ying Liu,Xuankai Wang,Houyu Wang,Siyu Chen
Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are emerging contaminants in the environment, primarily derived from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. In this study, the influents and effluents of three WWTPs in the Dalian urban area, China, were analyzed for the distribution of 8 typical ASs to investigate their seasonal fluctuations in the WWTPs. The results showed that acesulfame (ACE), sucralose (SUC), cyclamate (CYC), and saccharin (SAC) were both detected in the influent and effluent water samples of WWTPs, with concentrations ranging from not detected (ND) to 14.02 μg·L −1 . In addition, SUC was the most abundant ASs type, accounting for 40 %–49 % and 78 %–96 % of the total ASs in the influent and effluent water , respectively. The WWTPs revealed high removal efficiencies of CYC, SAC, and ACE, while the SUC removal efficiency was poor (26 % ± 36 %). The ACE and SUC concentrations were higher in spring and summer, and all ASs showed lower levels in winter, which may be caused by the high consumption of ice-cream in warmer months. The per capita ASs loads in the WWTPs were determined in this study based on the wastewater analysis results. The calculated per capita daily mas loads for individual ASs ranged from 0.45 g·d −1 ·1000p −1 (ACE) to 2.04 g·d −1 ·1000p −1 (SUC). In addition, the relationship between per capita ASs consumption and socioeconomic status showed no significant correlation.
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2021
·
IF 10.588
Wei Guo,Jun Li,Qingwei Liu,Jianghong Shi,Yue Gao
Artificial sweeteners (ASs), as a new emerging pollutant, the fate from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to sea is growing concerned. In this study, the distribution and polluted loading of six typical ASs were analyzed based on the measurement in influent, primary effluent, secondary effluent, tertiary effluent, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sludge from four WWTPs and receiving waters near the coast of Shenzhen city, China. Elevated levels of ASs were detected in WWTPs located near a highly populated area (about 14,000 people km -2 ). Sucralose was predominant in all water samples (0.1–22.2 μg L -1 ), and had a 1.6–704.0 times higher concentration than the means of other ASs detected. Aspartame were mainly distributed in SPM and sludge, and the fractions in offshore water exceeded 45%. Acesulfame, sucralose, cyclamate and saccharin could be effectively removed by secondary biochemical treatment. The average daily loading (4.2 g d -1 1000people -1 ) and discharge loading (0.4 g d -1 1000people -1 ) of sucralose in WWTPs was higher than those of the other ASs. Dissolved organic carbon and UV 254 can affect the fate of ASs, and SPM mainly affects the distributions of aspartame and neotame. As a potential sewage indicator, neotame deserves further attention.
研究领域:
环境科学
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海洋学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
npj Science of Food
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2024
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 6.3
Cai Shuangfeng,Xie Ningning,Zheng Ling,Li Quan,Zhang Siyu,Huang Qinghua,Luo Wei,Wu Mei,Wang Yidan,Du Yilun,Deng Shao-ping,Cai Lei
Sweet taste receptors found in oral and extra oral tissues play important roles in the regulation of many physiological functions. Studies have shown that urine volume increases during the lifetime exposure to artificial sweeteners. However, the detailed molecular mechanism and the general effects of different artificial sweeteners exposure on urine volume remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between urinary excretion and the sweet taste receptor expression in mice after three artificial sweeteners exposure in a higher or lower concentration via animal behavioral studies, western blotting, and real-time quantitative PCR experiment in rodent model. Our results showed that high dose of acesulfame potassium and saccharin can significantly enhance the urine output and there was a positive correlation between K + and urination volume. The acesulfame potassium administration assay of T1R3 knockout mice showed that artificial sweeteners may affect the urine output directly through the sweet taste signaling pathway. The expression of T1R3 encoding gene can be up-regulated specifically in bladder but not in kidney or other organs we tested. Through our study, the sweet taste receptors, distributing in many tissues as bladder, were indicated to function in the enhanced urine output. Different effects of long-term exposure to the three artificial sweeteners were shown and acesulfame potassium increased urine output even at a very low concentration.
研究领域:
生理学
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分子生物学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2019
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IF 3.579
Mohan Zhang,Xin Yang,Wan Xu,Xiaobo Cai,Mingxiang Wang,Yuying Xu,Peilin Yu,Jun Zhang,Yifan Zheng,Jiang Chen,Jun Yang,Xinqiang Zhu
High sugar content in beverage or food can affect the aging process, and thus natural/artificial sweeteners are widely used as substitutes. However, whether sweeteners have such adverse effects as sugar remains to be clarified. Therefore, in the current study, three sulfa sweeteners, namely, saccharin sodium salt hydrate (SAC 2 ), sodium cyclamate (CYC 3 ) and acesulfame potassium (AceK 4 ) were evaluated for their effects on the lifespan, deposition of lipofuscin, exercise activity, food intake, and intestinal fat deposition (IFD 5 ) of Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans 6 ). It was shown that SAC at 0.3 and 10 mg/mL shortened the lifespan of C. elegans and impaired the exercise capacity, while at other concentrations no significant effects were observed. In contrast, CYC at 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/mL prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans. On the other hand, AceK at 1 mg/mL increased the lifespan of C. elegans , and could decrease both lipofuscin deposition and IFD in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicated that although SAC, CYC, and AceK all belong to the sulfa sweeteners, each has distinct effects on different physiological activities associated with aging, at least in C. elegans .
研究领域:
生物化学
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衰老研究
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营养学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）