ENERGY & FUELS
·
2018
·
IF 3.024
Jin Tan,Chenguang Wang,Qi Zhang,Longlong Ma,Minghong He
A novel and efficient method for the use of non-edible cassava to synthesize biofuel precursors with long carbon chains in two steps was proposed. The finally produced precursors were based on the decomposition of cassava and condensation between furans and levulinates. The reaction parameters for levulinate production from cassava were optimized, and the results showed that the highest carbon mole yield of levulinates was up to 51.3% at 473 K, 4.0 MPa N2, and 6.0 h. After that, precursors with yields of 88.0 and 90.5% could be obtained when the mole ratios between furans and levulinates were 1:1 and 2:1, respectively. Characterization of precursors using elemental analysis, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that different and intersecting routes of condensation resulted in the complex components of precursors. Moreover, the mechanism of condensation was proven to excessively depend upon the mole ratio between furans and levulinates in this investigation. This technical route indicates a simple and feasible method to produce renewable biofuel with long carbon chains from cassava directly.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生能源
·
有机合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 9
·143
·
IF 2.964
Lincai Peng,Ruili Tao,Yu Wu
Levulinate ester has been identified as a promising renewable fuel additive and platform chemical. Here, the use of a wide range of common metal salts as acid catalysts for catalytic upgrading of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol to butyl levulinate was explored by conventional heating. Both alkali and alkaline earth metal chlorides did not lead effectively to the conversion of furfuryl alcohol, while several transition metal chlorides (CrCl3, FeCl3, and CuCl2) and AlCl3exhibited catalytic activity for the synthesis of butyl levulinate. For their sulfates (Cr(III), Fe(III), Cu(II), and Al(III)), the catalytic activity was low. The reaction performance was correlated with the Brønsted acidity of the reaction system derived from the hydrolysis/alcoholysis of cations, but was more dependent on the Lewis acidity from the metal salts. Among these investigated metal salts, CuCl2was found to be uniquely effective, leading to the conversion of furfuryl alcohol to butyl levulinate with an optimized yield of 95%. Moreover, CuCl2could be recovered efficiently from the resulting reaction mixture and remained with almost unchanged catalytic activity in multiple recycling runs.Keywords:biofuel;furfuryl alcohol;catalytic upgrading;metal salt;levulinate ester
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2016
·
IF 2.75
Genkuo Nie,Xiangwen Zhang,Peijuan Han,Junjian Xie,Lun Pan,Li Wang,Ji-Jun Zou
Biofuels are important alternative for fossil-based fuel but they have either relatively low density or high freezing point and viscosity. Here we reported a simple and efficient route to synthesis biofuel with density comparable to widely used JP-10 fuel as well as good low-temperature properties. Substituted diphenyl methane was synthesized by acid catalytic alkylation of lignin-derived phenols (phenol, anisole, guaiacol) with benzyl ether or benzyl alcohols, and MMT-K10 exhibits better activity than HPW, Amberlyst-15, and Al-MCM-41, due to the modest acid strength and open lamellar structure. High selectivity along with good-to-excellent conversion was obtained under optimized conditions regardless of different reactant used. Then the alkylated product was subjected to hydrogenation with the presence of Pd/C and HZSM-5, and interestingly, intramolecular cyclization reaction occurred to produce a large amount of perhydrofluorene as well as dicyclohexylmethane. Subsequently, biofuel with density as high as 0.93 g/mL and freezing point as low as −40.0 °C was obtained, which surpasses the state-of-art of biofuel reported.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 14
·12717-12736
·
IF 4.05
Gupta Geetika,Baranwal Manoj,Saxena Sanjai,Reddy M. Sudhakara
Banana is one of the most important food crops which is generally planted in tropical countries and has beneficial applications in the food industry. A large amount of by-products such as leaves, inflorescence, pseudostem, and rhizomes serves as a source for different industries. Most of these by-products may serve as an undervalued commodity with a limited commercial value, application and in some cases, it is considered as an agricultural waste. This also paves the way to utilize a huge amount of untapped biomass and resolve some of the environmental issues. Most of the edible bananas are cultivated mainly for their fruits, thus, banana farms could generate several tons of underused by-products and wastes. The present review mainly discusses the utilization of banana by-products such as peels, leaves, pseudostem, pseudostem juice, stalk, and inflorescence in various industries as a thickening agent, alternative source for renewable energy, nutraceuticals, livestock feed, natural fibers, coloring agents, bioactive compounds, and bio-fertilizers. Banana waste serves as a potential source for the production of valuable products and preserves renewable resources and provides additional income to the farming industries.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
生物技术
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainable Energy & Fuels
·
2018
·Vol. 2
·期 8
·1863-1869
·
IF 0
Jiawei Xie,Lei Zhang,Xiangwen Zhang,Peijuan Han,Junjian Xie,Lun Pan,De-Rong Zou,Song-Hua Liu,Ji-Jun Zou
Biofuels synthesized from lignocellulose-derived platform chemicals are very attractive for sustainable development. Here we reported a new and facile route to synthesize multi-substituted cycloalkanes with a high density and low freezing point using isophorone and furanic aldehydes (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural), by solvent-free aldol condensation, followed by hydrodeoxygenation. Catalysts were screened and NaOH showed good performance. The reaction conditions including catalyst dosage, isophorone/furanic aldehyde ratio, temperature and solvent were optimized, and finally the yields of 70.0% for isophorone/furfural and 72.8% for isophorone/5-hydroxymethylfurfural were obtained. Pt/HZSM-5 was prepared as the bifunctional catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of the condensed product. The resultant multi-substituted cyclohexanes derived from isophorone/furfural and isophorone/5-hydroxymethylfurfural have a density of 0.813 g mL−1 and 0.846 g mL−1 respectively and both have a freezing point lower than −75 °C, and are very promising as stand-alone fuels or additives of other biofuels.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2022
·Vol. 26
·期 11
·2435-2443
·
IF 2.747
Jiang Demin,Zhu Chenyi,He Yuan,Xing ChengCheng,Xie Kun,Xu Yan,Wang Yuqiao
Anodes play an important role in the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Herein, polyaniline modified multilayer MXene (PANI-MXene) on carbon cloth was used as an anode to improve the EET efficiency. The PANI-MXene was formed by the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged groups of MXene and the positively charged protonated amino groups of PANI to enhance the bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The MFCs obtained a high maximum power density (737.3 mW·m -2 ) with the efficient EET process. This work provides a meaningful way to decorate anodes using binder-free modifiers for MFCs.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Zhenqi Sun,Jialin Tan,Guangping Zhou,Hao Huang,Shaoqu Xie
Using fermentation-based alcohol fuel as a substitute for fossil fuels is one of the means to alleviate the oil crisis and exhaust emissions. However, the low fermentation titer and the formation of azeotropes pose challenges to the separation process. In this paper, sugaring-out was proposed to separate a biofuel, namely isobutanol, as sugars are milder than salts and can be used as the fermentation media. The decrease in the water content is a linear function of the initial sugar concentration so that the isobutanol + water azeotrope was broken. The recovery of isobutanol in the 60 wt% isobutanol system using sucrose, glucose, and fructose reached 96.57 %, 97.01 %, and 97.98 %, respectively. After a two-step surgating-out + salting-out process, the isobutanol was purified to 99.82 wt%. The sugaring-out effects of different sugars were quantized by fitting the natural logarithm of isobutanol solubility with sugar molality in the aqueous phase. Due to the different number of hydroxyl groups in the sugar's structure, the order of the sugaring-out effect is glucose ≈ fructose > sucrose. This article provides detailed data on the sugaring-out separation of the concentrated biobutanol systems, which has a guiding role for the use of sugaring-out effect to separate other biofuels from fermentation broth.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分离技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Bi Cen,Wen Qing,Chen Ye,Xu Haitao
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been regarded as a promising green and clean electricity generation device. The anode plays a crucial role in the electricity generation process within the MFC. This study employed a hydrothermal method for the doping of sulfur onto MXene nanosheets to alleviate the stacking, followed by an in situ polymerization process to fabricate sufur-doped MXene/polypyrrole (S–MXene/PPy) composite hydrogel on carbon felt (CF). The MFC constructed with this anode exhibited the highest power density of 8.05 W m −3 and a maximum output voltage of 646 mV, higher than that of MXene/PPy (623 mV, 6.03 W m −3 ), PPy (594 mV, 4.91 W m −3 ), and unmodified CF (574 mV, 4.05 W m −3 ). This improved performance can be attributed to the reduction of charge transfer resistance in the material while improving the bacteria affinity, leading to enhanced extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency. High-throughput sequencing indicates that the excellent biocompatibility significantly promotes the attachment and growth of electroactive microorganisms ( Geobacter , 45.34%) on the S–MXene/PPy anode. This study demonstrates that S–MXene/PPy hydrogel has good potential as an anode from the perspective of MFC electricity generation and microbial analysis. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2014
·
IF 6.007
Fredrik Gunnarsson,Moa Z. Granlund,Mattias Englund,Jazaer Dawody,Lars J. Pettersson,Hanna Härelind
We report on a high NO x reduction activity over Ag/Al 2 O 3 catalysts, using hydrogen produced in a fuel reformer. The focus of the study is to evaluate the performance of a hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) catalyst in real conditions. Initially, the catalytic materials for the fuel reformer (Rh/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 ) and the HC-SCR (Ag/Al 2 O 3 ) were evaluated in separate bench-scale reactor setups. These two setups were subsequently joined into an integrated bench-scale reactor setup with the aim to evaluate the influence of the reformate on the HC-SCR activity in a controlled environment. In the final phase of the study a 4 wt.% Ag/Al 2 O 3 catalyst doped with 100 ppm(w) Pt was scaled up and tested in a pilot-scale reactor setup. The pilot-scale reactor setup enabled evaluation of the HC-SCR activity in real exhaust gases generated by a single cylinder engine (genset) together with a hydrogen-rich gas supplied from a fuel reformer. Commercial biodiesel (NExBTL) was used as reducing agent for the HC-SCR as well as fuel in the fuel reformer for both the bench-scale and pilot-scale experiments. This study gives an excellent link between evaluations of the catalytic materials, controlled bench-scale experiments and applied engine experiments, proving a viable concept for lean NO x reduction together with onboard hydrogen production. A NO x conversion of above 70% was reached at temperatures below 250 °C, in bench-scale experiments when hydrogen produced in the fuel reformer is added.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
催化化学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 76
·47990-47998
·
IF 3.108
Fu-Ling Wang,Shuang Li,Yi-Xin Sun,Hui-Ying Han,Bi-Xian Zhang,Bao-Zhong Hu,Yun-Fei Gao,Xiao-Mei Hu
Ionic liquid (IL)-assisted pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass has been extensively studied. Cellulose and hemicelluloses are rich resources of sugars for biofuels. Lignin is a valuable feedstock for aromatic-based platform chemicals. In this study, a series of ionic liquids (ILs) were prepared with one-step synthesis and were investigated for their activity to pretreat lignocelluloses. High yields of lignin (61.0% and 60.4%) were achieved through [Hpy]Cl and [Hmim]Cl pretreatment of poplar. Lignin yields of 51.7% and 50.3% were obtained with a [Hpy]Cl and [Hnmp]Cl pretreatment of bamboo. Improving enzymatic hydrolysis was observed from the regenerated poplar with [Hpy]Cl pretreatment and the regenerated bamboo with [Hmim]Cl pretreatment. The isolated fractions were characterized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy. SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffractometry) were employed to examine the cellulose-rich materials. A 2D 1H–13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed to analyze lignin fraction. These ionic liquids were particularly effective to extract lignin from lignocelluloses to obtain cellulose-rich materials for biofuels.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2022
·
IF 18.027
Haixiang Liu,Neng Yan,Tin Yan Wong,Henry Lam,Jacky W. Y. Lam,Ryan T. K. Kwok,Jianwei Sun,Ben Zhong Tang
Microalgae-based biofuels are receiving attention at the environmental, economic, and social levels because they are clean, renewable, and quickly produced. The green algae Chlorella vulgaris has been extensively studied in research laboratories and the biofuel industry as a model organism to increase lipid production to be cost-effective in commercial production. In this work, we utilized a lipid-droplet-specific luminogen with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics to increase the lipid production of C. vulgaris by fluorescent imaging and sorting of those algal cells with large and rich lipid droplets for subculturing. The AIE-active TPA-A enabled real-time monitoring of the size and number of lipid droplets in C. vulgaris during their growth period so that we can identify the best time for harvesting. Furthermore, the algae cells with high lipid content were identified and collected for subculturing by the technique of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The lipid production in the generation of two successive selections was almost doubled compared to the generation with natural selection. This work demonstrated that the technologies of AIE and FACS could be applied together to improve the production of a third-generation biofuel.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
能源生物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·699-710
·
IF 4.239
Xia Jiang,Feng Long,Jiaping Zhao,Peng Liu,Jianchun Jiang,Junming Xu
Molecular structural modification was a critical step for the production of high-quality biofuel. In this study, it was found that catalytic cracking followed by product isomerization is an effective technology to convert waste oil into low CFPP and high-quality biofuel. The detailed catalyst characterization was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), NH3-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), pyridine-adsorbed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Py-FTIR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. With the addition of Ce into the Ni/SAPO-11 catalyst, the occurrence of the hydro-cracking reaction was restrained efficiently, and (20 + 1)% NiCe/SAPO-11 was considered as the optimal catalyst for the hydro-isomerization study. Under the action of the bimetallic catalyst, the isomerization reaction could be carried out at low reaction temperature (340 °C) because of the high olefin content (approximately 43%) in pyrolytic oils. Comparison of physical and chemical properties for the hydro-isomerization of pyrolytic oil catalyzed over NiCe/SAPO-11 and Pt/SAPO-11 was conducted. For the two catalysts, the product fuel revealed excellent properties, which abided by the established EN and ASTM standards.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）