Su Zhixiang,Xing Yuehao,Wang Fei,Xu Zeqin,Gu Yongquan
There are no suitable methods to develop the small-calibre tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) that can be widely used in the clinic. In this study, we developed a new method that combines electrospinning and in-body tissue architecture(iBTA) to develop small-calibre TEBVs. Electrospinning imparted mechanical properties to the TEBVs, and the iBTA imparted biological properties to the TEBVs. The hybrid fibres of PLCL (poly(L-lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) and PU (Polyurethane) were obtained by electrospinning, and the fibre scaffolds were then implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal area of the rabbit (as an in vivo bioreactor). The biotubes were harvested after four weeks. The mechanical properties of the biotubes were most similar to those of the native rabbit aorta. Biotubes and the PLCL/PU vascular scaffolds were implanted into the rabbit carotid artery. The biotube exhibited a better patency rate and certain remodelling ability in the rabbit model, which indicated the potential use of this hybridization method to develop small-calibre TEBVs.
Sketch map of developing the biotube. The vascular scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning (A). Silicone tube was used as the core, and the vascular scaffold was used as the shell (B). The vascular scaffold and silicone tube were implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal area of the rabbit (C). The biotube was extruded from the silicone tube after 4 weeks ofembedding (D). The biotube was implanted for the rabbit carotid artery (E).
There remains a lack of small-caliber tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) with wide clinical use. Biotubes were developed by electrospinning and in-body tissue architecture (iBTA) technology to prepare small-caliber TEBVs with promising applications. Different ratios of hybrid fibers of poly(l-lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and polyurethane (PU) were obtained by electrospinning, and the electrospun tubes were then implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal area of a rabbit (as an in vivo bioreactor). The biotubes were harvested after 4 weeks. They were then decellularized and cross-linked with heparin. PLCL/PU electrospun vascular tubes, decellularized biotubes (D-biotubes), and heparinized combined decellularized biotubes (H + D-biotubes) underwent carotid artery allograft transplantation in a rabbit model. Vascular ultrasound follow-up and histological observation revealed that the biotubes developed based on electrospinning and iBTA technology, after decellularization and heparinization cross-linking, showed a better patency rate, adequate mechanical properties, and remodeling ability in the rabbit model. IBTA technology caused a higher patency, and the heparinization cross-linking process gave the biotubes stronger mechanical properties.
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