FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.129
Kun Yuan,Huangxian Zhang,Qiao Sun,Xiaohua Zhang,Dan Hou,Jing Chen,Changxiang Liu,Jinzhu Chen,Wanming Xiong
Biomass-based platform compound furfural can be upgraded to C 10 furoin, which is significant to the development and utilization of biomass energy . In this work, a series of diimidazole ILs were applied to explore a feasible way for upgrading of furfural to furoin. The results showed that the catalytic performance of diimidazole ILs were affected by the solvent and the structure of the anion and cation . Furoin yield could increase from 14.8% to 45.0% with the extension of the side chain, and it could be greatly enhanced by the transformation of ethyl group into unsaturated vinyl group. Theoretical calculations revealed it was due to the higher absorption energy and shorter distance between the di (vinylimidazole) ILs and furfural. Furthermore, the anion of diimidazole ILs also displayed influence by affecting the acidity and the electron distribution on the imidazole ring. Finally, the optimized yields of 84.4%, 82.0% and 84.8% were obtained by optimizing the BV 4 , FV 4 and SV 4 catalytic systems , respectively. Mechanistic studies suggested that C-2 deprotonation was the key to the reaction, and both the σ hyperconjugation and π-π conjugation with the imidazole ring could facilitated the reaction. This work may provide some reference in upgrading biomass energy
研究领域:
化学工程
·
生物质能
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Liwen Du,Zhongyang Luo,Kaige Wang,Feiting Miao,Qingguo Zhou,Wanchen Zhu,Longfei Li
The ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of poplar in a dual-catalyst system of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and HZSM-5 was performed using a bench-scale device to enhance the aromatics production. Results indicated that the introduction of HAP could effectively achieve the deoxygenation of macromolecular oxygenates, which were then converted into hydrocarbon precursors. The combination of HAP and HZSM-5 exceedingly promoted the production of aromatics especially monocyclic aromatics (MAHs) than single HZSM-5. The effects of operating conditions on aromatics yield and distribution were investigated. Under the catalyst layout of mode B, with the optimum conditions reaching the catalytic temperature of 500 °C, HAP to HZSM-5 ratio of 2:4, and catalyst to biomass ratio of 1:1, the maximum aromatics yield of 9.10 wt% was achieved, accompanied by the monocyclic aromatics/polycyclic aromatics ratio enhanced to 2.33. At this point, the synergistic effect for MAHs and total aromatics reached 170.09% and 214.14%, respectively. Compared to the conventional metal oxides, the HAP/HZSM-5 dual-catalyst system exhibited superior performance in aromatics production. Besides, the anti-coking capability of HZSM-5 in the dual-catalyst system was also better than that of pure HZSM-5. This research provided a new perspective for the efficient utilization of biomass energy.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 17
·12255-12264
·
IF 3.9
Wenjing He,Keling Liu,Lanjun Zhang,Muxin Liu,Zhengjie Ni,Yueyang Li,Duoduo Xu,Minjie Cui,Yibo Zhao
In this study, walnut shell (WS) was used as feedstock, incorporating lithium carbonate (LC), sodium carbonate (SC), potassium carbonate (PC), and potassium hydroxide (PH) as pyrolysis catalysts and carbonization activators. A one-step method that allows catalytic pyrolysis and carbonization to be carried out consecutively under their respective optimal conditions is employed, enabling the concurrent production of high-quality pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas, and carbon materials from biomass conversion. The effects of LC, SC, PC, and PH on the yield and properties of products derived from WS pyrolysis as well as on the properties and performance of the resulting carbon materials were examined. The results indicated that the addition of LC, SC, PC, and PH enhanced the secondary cracking of tar, leading to increased solid and gas yields from WS. Additionally, it increased the production of phenolic compounds in bio-oil and H2 in syngas, concurrently yielding a walnut shell-based carbon material exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance. Specifically, when PC was used as an additive, the phenolic content in the pyrolysis oil increased by 27.64% compared to that without PC, reaching 74.9%, but the content of ketones, acids, aldehydes, and amines decreased. The hydrogen content increased from 2.5% (without the addition of PC) to 12.75%. The resulting carbon (WSC–PC) displayed a specific surface area of 598.6 m2 g−1 and achieved a specific capacitance of 245.18 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. Even after 5000 charge and discharge cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1, the capacitance retention rate remained at 98.16%. This method effectively enhances the quality of the biomass pyrolysis oil, gas, and char, contributing to the efficient and clean utilization of biomass in industrial applications.
研究领域:
能源与燃料
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材料科学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Wenjing Zhao,Shanjian Liu,Ning Li,Jiawen Zhang,Guanshuai Zhang,Shuntao Xu
The product distribution of cellulose pyrolysis at varying nitrogen carrier and temperature was studied in a tube furnace, elucidating the reaction mechanism of cellulose and urea (chitosan) in CO 2 pyrolysis. The nitrogen-rich pyrolysis in CO 2 atmosphere improves the nitrogen compound content in bio-oil. CO 2 , serving as a mild oxidizing agent, enhances the production and release of biochar volatiles and the creation of additional pores. This leads to an improved development of porosity across the micropore, mesopore, and macropore ranges. When the mixing ratio of urea is 60% at 550 ℃, the highest nitrogen compound content is 45.03%, which is 1.7 times higher than that in N 2 atmosphere. When the mass mixture ratio of chitosan is less than 60%, its content reaches its maximum at 500 ℃, reaching 13.32%, which is 1.2 times the content under N 2 atmosphere. The formation paths of oxygen compounds (aldehydes, ketones and alcohols) and main nitrogen compounds (pyridine, pyrrole, imidazole and pyrazine) in bio-oils under CO 2 atmosphere are discussed. The coupling relationship between biochar N functional groups and the generation of bio-oil N heterocyclic substances was proposed.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Yong Liu,Lungang Chen,Yubao Chen,Xinghua Zhang,Jianguo Liu,Qiying Liu,Yuping Li,Chenguang Wang,Qi Zhang,Longlong Ma
Aviation fuel is high energy density and is usually produced from refinery in petroleum industry. Production of renewable aviation fuel from biomass eases pressure of carbon emission regulation. The operational processes in this study include steam stripping, hydrolysis of residues, condensation reaction unit, autoclave hydrogenation, fixed-bed hydrodeoxygenation, and oil-upgrading unit. The biomass-derived aviation fuel has a low oxygen content of 0.4 %, while its high heat value is 45.5 MJ/kg. The aviation fuel ranges from C8 ∼ C15, and rich in isoparaffins (50.4 %) while the n -paraffins have a selectivity of 12.2 % and other components are cycloparaffins (19.0 %), aromatic hydrocarbons (11.3 %), and alkenes (5.6 %). The mass yield for aviation fuel from corn stover reaches 10.6 %. This pilot study achieved production of aviation fuel from raw biomass corn stover.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
可再生资源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.968
Jing He,Yuhan Yang,Chan Zou,Qiang Gao,Hongyun Hu,Kai Xu,Xi Li,Hong Yao
The conversion of biomass to produce high-valued fuel is an important way to improve the utilization rate of biomass energy . For the coupled utilization of solar energy and biomass, molten salts are used as heat storage and catalytic medium to convert biomass into combustible gases. To balance the supply of energy storage with the energy consumption for biomass conversion , the reaction mechanism regarding thermal treatment of biomass using molten salts is studied in the present research. The thermal treatment reactor combined with an online mass spectrometry is employed to characterize the gases release behavior of typical biomass components and actual biomass. In addition, a kinetic model of gas released from beech wood pyrolysis in molten salts was constructed by pyrolysis unit reactions of three typical components. The experimental results showed that molten salts can enhance the yields of small molecule gases compared to conventional pyrolysis process. For the relevance of gas release kinetics between biomass and three components, the results showed a good agreement between simulated curves and experimental data. The release of CO and H 2 was mainly from the pyrolysis of lignin, CO 2 was mainly from the pyrolysis of cellulose, and CH 4 was mainly from the pyrolysis of both hemicellulose and cellulose. In addition, the gas release characteristics of beech wood were similar to those of the lignin, which played a leading role in the gas release of actual biomass pyrolysis.
研究领域:
能源科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Cheng Rao,Maoliang Xie,Sicong Liu,Runlin Chen,Hang Su,Lan Zhou,Yuxia Pang,Hongming Lou,Xueqing Qiu
The photoreforming of lignocellulose is a novel method to produce clean and sustainable H2 energy. However, the catalytic systems usually show low activity under ultraviolet light; thus, this reaction is very limited at present. Visible light-responsive metal-free two-dimensional graphite-phased carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a good candidate for photocatalytic hydrogen production, but its activity is hindered by a bulky architecture. Although reported layered g-C3N4 modified with active functional groups prepared by the chemical exfoliation enhances the photocatalytic activity, it lost the intrinsic structure and thus is not conducive to understand the structure–activity relationship. Herein, we report an intrinsic monolayer g-C3N4 (∼0.32 nm thickness) prepared by nitrogen-protected ball milling in water, which shows good performance of photoreforming lignocellulose to H2 driven by visible light. The exciton binding energy of g-C3N4 was estimated from the temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra, which is a key factor for subsequent charge separation and energy transfer. It is found that monolayer g-C3N4 with smaller exciton binding energy increases the free exciton concentrations and promotes the separation efficiency of charge carriers, thereby effectively improving its performance of photocatalytic reforming of lignocellulose, even the virgin lignocellulose and waste lignocellulose. This result could lead to more active catalysts to photoreform the raw biomass, making it possible to provide clean energy directly from locally unused biomass.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Xing Yan,Ming-Jun Zhu
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) with lignocellulose as an electron donor is considered a sustainable biorefinery. However, low lignocellulose degradation and energy output restrict the scale of application. Herein, the extracellular electron transfer (EET) capacity of Acetivibrio thermocellus DSM 1313 with lignocellulose as substrate was shown to be mediated by the self-produced flavin, and its intracellular electron transfer went through the whole respiratory chain. Thermophilic MFC with resazurin exhibited an increase in the open circuit voltage by 37.78%, and a 2.60 folds increase in power density of 77.85 mW/m 2 , respectively. Differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated that resazurin decreased the solution and anode charge transfer resistance, and enhanced the extracellular electrochemical activity. Furthermore, resazurin resulted in a lower redox potential, allowing preferential electron transfer to resazurin rather than flavin. This research establishes a resazurin-mediated thermophilic MFC with lignocellulose as substrate, which provides novel idea on the biomass refinery.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物能工程
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Zhao Sun,Hanpeng Liu,Hongcun Bai,Shufan Yu,Christopher K. Russell,Liang Zeng,Zhiqiang Sun
Reducing anthropogenic CO 2 emissions has become a primary environmental concern for the present society, making the development of energy-efficient, net-negative CO 2 emitting technology paramount. Here, the Chemical looping deoxygenated gasification (CLDG) process is experimentally conducted to demonstrate the crucial role of deoxygenation on syngas refinement and CO 2 utilization via Fe 0 ↔ Fe 3+ looping. A reduction of 0.324 g CO 2 per gram pine wood biomass gasified is achieved, a 288% reduction in CO 2 emissions compared with that of biomass conversion without deoxygenation. The superiority of CLDG can be also reflected in syngas yields increased by 16.37% and a CO 2 concentration decreased by 44.16%. Results from the heat balance calculation indicate that both the gasifier and the regenerator are endothermic, which cannot achieve the auto-thermal operation of CLDG, thus requires an extra energy supply source. Density functional theory calculations elucidate that the active site of CO 2 adsorption is located at the three-phase interface of CaO(1 1 1), Fe(1 1 0), and amorphous carbon (AC). It is anticipated that CLDG has the potential to serve as an effective measure for reducing CO 2 emissions while promoting syngas yield and quality.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2023
·
IF 9.2
Kai Jiao,Huilong Yan,Fang Qian,Wenyao Zhang,Hongying Li,Qiuwang Wang,Cunlu Zhao
The use of ambient evaporation for power generation has emerged as a brand-new concept of renewable energy harvesting in recent years. However, the low output level, high cost of raw materials and complex preparation impede its development. In this work, carbonized freeze-dried carrot pieces (CFCPs), as a kind of biomass carbon materials , are proposed as a three-dimensional micro-scale porous network to generate electricity (electrokinetic streaming potential/current) via the evaporation-induced water flow. The evaporation and the capillary force induce continuous water flows within the electrically charged hydrophilic porous CFCP and then produce the streaming potential/current. A single CFCP in the ambient environment can output a stable open-circuit voltage (OCV) of up to V OC ∼0.8 V, a short-circuit current (SCC) of I SC ∼ tens of microamps, and a maximal power density of ∼1.7 μW/cm 2 . Moreover, a commercial calculator can be powered by a serial connection of four CFCPs (approximately one carrot). This study provides a new perspective on renewable energy harvesting, promotes the use of biomass materials as energy harvesting media, and promises the development of environment-benign power generation systems using ambient evaporation.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
材料科学
·
可再生能源研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Yingna Li,Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad,Pei Gao,Yu Zhang,Mingtao Yang,Xiaolan Zhao,Boxiong Shen
This study examined the catalytic pyrolysis of melon seed shell (MSS) using vanadium tungsten modified ZSM-5 (V/W-ZSM-5) through combined experimental and theoretical methods. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with model-free kinetics revealed that the catalyst lowered the activation energy by about 10 % (184–194 kJ mol⁻¹) compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis. Thermodynamic assessment showed reduced entropy (ΔS) values for conversion fractions below 0.7, indicating a more ordered and energy-efficient pathway. Product distribution from Py-GC/MS confirmed enhanced selectivity, with levoglucosan and furfural yields increasing nearly 5-folds and 3-folds, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) clarified the mechanistic pathways: levoglucosan formed primarily via glucose dehydration, while furfural production followed xylose ring-opening and nucleophilic conversion. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that V/W-ZSM-5 not only improves selectivity toward high-value products but also reduces both kinetic and thermodynamic barriers, highlighting its potential for sustainable biomass valorization.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
生物质转化
·
催化化学
·
热分析
·
计算化学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Abdul Basit,Ting Miao,Junquan Liu,Jiaqi Wen,Lina Song,Fengzhen Zheng,Huiqiang Lou,Wei Jiang
Here, we report highly efficient degradation of xylan into xylose by a single multifunctional xylanolytic enzyme from the filamentous fungus Thermothelomyces thermophila (termed Ttxy43). Ttxy43 shows three different enzyme activities toward carbohydrates, β-xylosidase (80.8 U/mg), endoxylanase (105.42 U/mg), and α-l-arabinofuranosidase enzyme activities (15.81 U/mg). Analysis of the catalytic mode of action of Ttxy43 for birchwood-xylan (BWX) reveals that endoxylanase initially degrades xylan to unbranched xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) (xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose) as intermediates, which are then quickly hydrolyzed into single xylose by β-xylosidase. Site-directed mutagenesis studies indicate that Ttxy43 residues Asp134 and Glu228 are essential catalytic sites, while Glu176, Asp38, and Asp85 play an accessory role. More importantly, Ttxy43 displays higher degradation efficiency in comparison with a commercial β-xylosidase and endoxylanase “cocktail”. These findings elucidate an efficient integrated degradation mechanism of xylan under industrial reaction conditions, which provides a novel strategy to design techniques for biomass energy production.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
生物技术
·
酶学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）