CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS
·
2016
·
IF 3.389
Dawei Chen,Fengbing Liang,Dexin Feng,Fanglin Du,Guang Zhao,Huizhou Liu,Mo Xian
Bifunctional lignosulfonate-based catalysts (LS-M) with Lewis acid and basic sites were designed and prepared by immobilizing metal ions on lignosulfonate. Catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, EDX, TEM, TGA, NH 3 /CO 2 -TPD and FTIR, and applied in transformation of carbohydrate biomass to furan derivatives (HMF/furfural) in mixed water/THF systems. With LS-Cr as catalyst, the optimized yields of HMF from cellulose, glucose and mannose were 46.3%, 60.4% and 68.8%, and that of furfural from xylan, xylose and arabinose were 40.2%, 73.1% and 51.6%, respectively. The catalysts could be easily recycled with negligible wastage of the active metal ions.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生资源利用
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2022
·
IF 11.533
Fangqian Wang,Denghao Ouyang,Bo Li,Tongxin Liu,Xuebing Zhao
A new coupled process was developed by combining several technologies including biomass pretreatment, direct biomass-to-electricity conversion and electrochemical reduction of the CO 2 produced during microbial fermentation of the enzymatic hydrolysate of pretreated substrates. This process was achieved by the assistance of several electron carriers for mediating the transfer of biomass endogenous electrons. Pretreatment of corn stover to increase cellulose accessibility for bioethanol production with the electron carriers being reduced works as a “charging” or “electron extraction” step. Re-oxidization of the reduced electron carriers in a liquid flow fuel cell works as an “electricity generation” step. Electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to form formic acid with co-production of hydrogen gas works as an “electricity consumption” step. Under the respective optimal condition of each step, this coupled process would obtain 155.6 g bioethanol, 145.3 g formic acid and 23.3 g hydrogen gas from 1000 g corn stover, achieving 47.0% increase in carbon efficiency and 88% increase in system energy efficiency. This coupled process could well increase the carbon efficiency of lignocellulose polysaccharide conversion, which thus may provide new technical routes for lignocellulose conversion with more carbon negativity.
研究领域:
生物技术
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生物工程
·
可再生能源
·
化工
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2019
·
IF 7.467
Xihong Zu,Zhiheng Yang,Lele Sun,Wenjing Lin,Guobin Yi,Xinqi Zheng,Weizhao Li,Yulin Deng,Jing Xiao
As one of promising candidates for high-efficient energy conversion device, biomass flow fuel cells (BFFCs) can directly convert biomass into electricity at low temperature without noble metal catalyst . Most BFFCs utilize polyoxometalates which are high molecular weight inorganic clusters with low molar solubility in water and relative high cost. Here we report a new, cheap and environmentally benign symmetric biomass flow fuel cell (BFFC) mediated by simple Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ redox couple on both sides, which can directly and efficiently convert various biomass residues into electricity at low temperature. Fe 3+ in anode can efficiently oxidize biomass residues into high value chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural , etc., and simultaneously being reduced to Fe 2+ . The low electric potential Fe 2+ in anode and the high electric potential Fe 3+ in cathode are assembled into a fuel cell. The consumed Fe 3+ in cathode can be regenerated immediately under the strong synergism of O 2 and HNO 3 . The designed cell yields a power density 54.5 mW cm −2 and can discharge continuously more than 7 h at a constant current density 200 mA cm −2 . The BFFC can successfully light 43 LED bubbles. This approach is highly desirable for the development of low cost, high-performance and environment-friendly biomass flow fuel cells.
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Xu Zhao,Fuxin Yang,Zhenghong Li,Houzhang Tan
The emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) poses a significant risk to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the formation characteristics of PAHs during the coal and biomass utilization. The formation of PAHs is primarily attributed to the incomplete combustion of fuels. In this work, the organic components of raw bituminous coal (BC), wheat straw (WS), and corn straw (CS) were analyzed and the formation characteristics of PAHs were explored using a fixed-bed pyrolysis system. The emission characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and PAHs were investigated in a drop-tube furnace. The results indicate that BC contains a higher proportion of aliphatic hydrocarbons, and the oxygen-containing functional groups of WS and CS are more complex. The content of PAHs in the extracts of raw BC, WS, and CS is 24.16 µg/g, 0.39 µg/g, and 0.41 µg/g, respectively. During the pyrolysis, the PAHs formation characteristics of coal are comparable to biomass. The content of PAHs in pyrolysis gas is significantly higher than that in the char. With the increase of temperature, the PAHs content in pyrolysis gas increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum value at 1000℃. At the low temperatures, the primary source of PAHs is the decomposition of the organic component of fuels. At the high temperatures, the rupture of the basic backbone and the condensation polymerization reaction are the important factors influencing PAHs emissions. The maximum PAHs emissions of BC, WS and CS are 4196.94 µg/g, 4426.78 µg/g, and 5479.50 µg/g, respectively. During the combustion, with the increase of oxygen content, the emissions of PM and PAHs gradually decrease. The proportion of low-ring PAHs increases, while the proportion of high-ring PAHs decreases. Furthermore, PM 1-2.5 accounts for 52.34–84.37 % of total PM emissions. PAHs are more easily enriched in these fine particles with the proportion of 53.71–71.09 % of the total PAHs emissions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2023
·Vol. 20
·期 4
·2841
·
IF 4.614
Qinghong Li,Huan Yang,Ping Chen,Wenxue Jiang,Fei Chen,Xiaorong Yu,Gaoshen Su
The co-pyrolysis of oily sludge and walnut shell is a reliable method for solid waste treatment and waste recycling. In this paper, a thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the thermodynamics and synergy effect of oily sludge (OS) and walnut shell (WS) at four heating rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 °C/min) in the temperature range from 50–850 °C. Two model-free methods (FWO and KAS) were used to calculate the activation energy. The results showed that the heating rate had no significant effect on the pyrolysis process. The addition of walnut shell improved the pyrolysis process of the samples. Mixture 1OS3WS had a synergy effect, while other blends showed an inhibitory effect. The synergy effect of co-pyrolysis was strongest when the mass ratio of oily sludge was 25%. The activation energy of the Zn-ZSM-5/25 catalyst was the lowest, and the residual substances were the least, indicating that the Zn-ZSM-5/25 was beneficial to the co-pyrolysis of oily sludge and walnut shell. The analysis of catalytic pyrolysis products by Py-GC/MS found that co-pyrolysis was beneficial to the generation of aromatic hydrocarbons. This study provided a method for the resource utilization of hazardous waste and biomass waste, which was conducive to the production of aromatic chemicals with added value while reducing environmental pollution.Keywords:oily sludge;co-pyrolysis;biomass;ZSM-5
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2022
·
IF 6.47
Yunwu Zheng,Donghua Li,Jida Wang,Yifei Chen,Can Liu,Yi Lu,Xu Lin,Bohan Lv,Jirong Li,Zhifeng Zheng
To investigate the nitrogen migration and transformation mechanisms that produce high value-added N-containing chemicals, the NH 3 /N 2 torrefaction pretreatments of waste biomass for the production of renewable N-containing compounds were explored, and the effects of torrefaction temperature (200, 225, 250, 275, 300 °C) on fuel properties, structure, crystallinity , surface functional groups and thermal kinetics were evaluated by element analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG). The effects of subsequent catalytic ammonization pyrolysis upgrading of the torrefied biomass with Co/HZSM-5/HZSM-5 catalysts under an NH 3 /N 2 atmosphere on product yield and N-containing compound selectivity were also evaluated with GC/MS and UV-fluorescence spectrometry. Furthermore, nitrogen fixation and migration mechanisms were also proposed in depth. The results showed that NH 3 torrefaction was more effective in enhancing N fixation and retarding the release of N-containing volatiles in torrefied biochar (0.26%–9.43%) and reducing the oxygen content (43.18%–21.81%) via Maillard reactions compared with N 2 torrefaction. With increasing torrefaction severity, the N-containing compound content, higher heating values (HHV), deoxygenation ratio (DEO) and nitrogen-doping ratio (NDR) increased, which were much higher than those of conventional N 2 torrefaction. Higher temperatures promoted the evolution of graphitic-N and oxidized-N and reduced pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N group formation in torrefied biochar. The maximum content of N-containing compounds of 88.71% was obtained at a torrefaction temperature of 275 °C under NH 3 pyrolysis coupled with the Co/HZSM-5 catalyst, and was achieved via substrate interaction with the -Co-O-Si- catalyst sites and Maillard reactions. Furthermore, the N 2 atmosphere combined with the HZSM-5 catalyst significantly promoted the conversion of HC compounds (∼56.97% at 225 °C during N 2 torrefaction), while the Co/HZSM-5 catalyst combined with the NH 3 atmosphere significantly improved N-containing compound formation. NH 3 pyrolysis facilitated the formation of pyrroles and pyrazines while reducing the formation of amides by deamination and dehydrogenation reactions. Cellulose was conducive to the transformation of pyrrole in NH 3 pyrolysis, while lignin was conducive to the formation of aniline. These results could offer strategies to regulate nitrogen functional groups to enhance N-containing chemicals.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
·
2022
·
IF 5.089
Huixing Xu,Xin Ye,Xiaoyu Shi,Heng Zhong,Daoping He,Binbin Jin,Fangming Jin
Catalytic production of lactic acid (LA) from biomass has attracted increasing attention due to the wide applications of LA. However, the industrial-scale production of LA is seriously limited by the complex synthetic process of efficient catalyst. In this work, we applied commercially available ZnO as a simple and facile heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze the conversion of glucose into LA under hydrothermal conditions. The ZnO possesses abundant strong Lewis acid and base sites and acts as bifunctional catalyst to promote the cascade reactions from glucose to LA, leading to a high yield of 41.5%. The robustness of catalytic process and the wide scope of applicable substrates like monosaccharides and disaccharides further extend the application of hydrothermal biomass conversion using facile catalysts.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Liyan Wang,Zhaokun Wang,Liang Chu,Zhi Huang,Mu Yang,Ge Wang
The development of transition metal electrocatalysts with excellent HER, OER and HMFOR activity can accelerate the achievement of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”. Herein, we report a simple structure modulation and morphological strategy for constructing Ni x Co y P-3 nanoneedles array with superhydrophilic/aerophobic surface. The small and well-dispersed nanoneedles can expose a larger electrochemical surface area. It has good mechanical stability, which can withstand the impact of violent bubbles at ampere-level current densities. Ni x Co y P-3 has a stronger H 2 O adsorption capacity than Ni 2 P, and can promote the adsorption and desorption of H* to facilitate the HER process. During the OER process, the formation of the Ni x Co y P-3/Ni x Co y OOH heterostructure is an important factor to stabilize oxygen evolution at ampere-level current densities. During the HMFOR process, Ni x Co y P-3 has a stronger HMF adsorption energy than Ni 2 P, and the generated FDCA can be desorbed from the Ni x Co y P-3 surface more easily. The overpotentials of the Ni x Co y P-3 are only 38.8 mV and 231.2 mV for HER and OER at 10 mA cm −2 in alkaline medium. When in the 1.0 M KOH + 50 mM HMF, only 1.37 V was required to reach a current density of 10 mA cm −2 of the Ni x Co y P-3 II Ni x Co y P-3 two-electrode system. Ni x Co y P-3 can drive 1000 mA cm −2 overall water splitting for 100 h of stable operation in 1 M KOH, validating its potential in industrial hydrogen production.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Haojie Yang,Xue Li,Shasha Liu,Guiying Lin,Xin Guo,Xin Wang,Kuan Ding,Yong Huang,Shu Zhang
Due to the complexity of biomass structures, the conversion of raw biomass into value-added chemicals is challenging and often requires efficient pretreatment of the biomass. In this paper, a simple and green pre-oxidation method, which was conducted under the conditions of 2 wt% H 2 O 2 , 80 min, and 150 °C, was reported to significantly increase the production of levoglucosan (LG) from biomass pyrolysis. The result showed that the LG yield significantly increased from 2.3 wt% (without pre-oxidation) to 23.1 wt% when pine wood was employed as a sample for pyrolysis at 400 °C, resulting from the removal of hemicellulose fraction and the in-situ acid catalysis of lignin carboxyl groups formed during the pre-oxidation. When the conditions for pre-oxidation became harsher than the above, the LG yield reduced because the decomposition of cellulose fraction in biomass. The study supplies an effective method for utilization of biomass as chemicals.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
生物质能
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Binyuan Gao,Xi Liu,Yudie Wu,Haina Cheng,Hongbo Zhou,Yuguang Wang,Zhu Chen
The cost of detoxification and neutralization poses certain challenges to the development of an economically viable lactic acid biorefinery with lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock. Herein, red mud, an alkaline waste, was explored as both a detoxifying agent and a neutralizer. Red mud treatment of lignocellulosic hydrolysate effectively removed the inhibitors generated in dilute acid pretreatment, improving the lactic acid productivity from 1.0 g/L·h −1 to 1.9 g/L·h −1 in later fermentation. In addition, red mud could replace CaCO 3 as a neutralizer in lactic acid fermentation, which in turn enabled simultaneous bioleaching of valuable metals (Sc, Y, Nd, and Al) from red mud. The neutralization of alkali in red mud by acids retained in lignocellulosic hydrolysate and lactic acid produced from fermentation led to effective dealkalization, rendering a maximum alkali removal efficiency of 92.2 %. Overall, this study offered a win–win strategy for the valorization of both lignocellulosic biomass and red mud.
研究领域:
生物工程
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 5.026
Tao Wang,Xiqing Liu,Donglai Han,Changchang Ma,Maobin Wei,Pengwei Huo,Yongsheng Yan
This work focused on the utilization of biological extract for the preparation of lignin-based carbon composites materials and used in the field of photocatalysis . A straightforward one-step carbonization way has been developed to prepare vanadium-doped lignin-based carbon/Bi 2 O 3 composites photocatalyst by using sodium lignosulfonate as the carbon source and catalyst. The application of lignin as the carbon source to form photocatalyst support tends to control the uniform distribution. At the same time, sodium lignosulfonate as the catalyst could break down the BiVO 4 during carbonization process. A series of characterizations demonstrated the BiVO 4 was transformed into Bi 2 O 3 and vanadium-doped lignin-based carbon. The possible synthesis process was proposed. Moreover, the novel V-doped carbon/Bi 2 O 3 composites photocatalyst displayed higher photocatalytic activity than bare BiVO 4 . A possible photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed. This work provided new insight into the lignin-based carbon materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 26
·22174-22178
·
IF 3.289
Dezhang Ren,Jun Fu,Lu Li,Yunjie Liu,Fangming Jin,Zhibao Huo
An efficient process for the production of levulinate esters from biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol in liquid alcohol over commercial α-Fe2O3 was firstly investigated. Among the catalysts we tested, α-Fe2O3, a cheap, commercially available and environmentally benign catalyst, exhibited a remarkable catalytic performance for the transformation and gives levulinate esters in good yield compared to the previous studies. The corresponding esters such as methyl levulinate, ethyl levulinate and butyl levulinate were obtained in high yields under optimized reaction conditions. Several influence factors for the formation of levulinate esters were also discussed. A plausible reaction mechanism for the formation of levulinate ester from furfuryl alcohol was proposed. From the viewpoint of practice and economy, the present study provides a potential application for the efficient synthesis of fine chemicals from biomass-derived compounds over cheap, commercially available and environmentally benign catalysts.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生资源利用
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）