STEROIDS
·
2011
·
IF 3.106
Long Ji,Yonglei Yuan,Liping Luo,Zhe Chen,Xiaoqiong Ma,Zhongjun Ma,Lin Cheng
Michael reaction acceptors (MRAs) are a class of active molecules that are directly or indirectly involved in various cellular processes, including the regulation of many signaling pathways . In this study, the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) assay was used to demonstrate that the dichloromethane extract of Physalis alkekengi var . franchetii (DCEP) possesses anti-inflammatory activity that might be attributed to the modification of key cysteine residues in IKKβ by the MRAs in DCEP. To isolate these MRAs, glutathione (GSH) was employed, and a simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) screening method was developed to investigate the GSH conjugates with potential MRAs. Five physalins, including one new compound isophysalin A ( 2 ), together with four known steroidal compounds, physalin A ( 1 ), physalin O ( 3 ), physalin L ( 4 ) and physalin G ( 5 ), were isolated to evaluate the GSH conjugating abilities, and it was indicated that compounds 1 , 2 and 3 , which had a common α,β-unsaturated ketone moiety, exhibited conjugating abilities with GSH and also showed significant nitric oxide (NO) production inhibiting activities. The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1 , 2 and 3 might be attributed to their targeting multiple cysteine residues on IKKβ; therefore, the alkylation of IKKβ by compound 1 was further studied by micrOTOF-MS. The result showed that six cysteine residues (C 59 , C 179 , C 299 , C 370 , C 412 , and C 618 ) were alkylated, which indicated that IKKβ is a potential target for the anti-inflammatory activity of physalin A.
研究领域:
药理学
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化学
·
生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Biology-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·1243
·
IF 5.168
Michael Edbert Suryanto,Ferry Saputra,Kevin Adi Kurnia,Ross D. Vasquez,Marri Jmelou M. Roldan,Kelvin H.-C. Chen,Jong-Chin Huang,Chung-Der Hsiao
Simple SummaryWith the advancement of existing technology, artificial intelligence is widely applied in various fields of research, including cardiovascular studies. In this study, we explored the feasibility of conducting a markerless cardiac physiology assessment in zebrafish embryos by using DeepLabCut (DLC), a deep learning tool for motion analysis. Several cardiac parameters, such as heart rate, diastolic–systolic volumes (EDV/ESV), stroke volume, cardiac output, shortening fraction, and ejection fraction were obtained by the DLC-trained model and then compared to the previous published methods, Time Series Analysis and Kymograph. This new method has several advantages, having full automation, precise detection, and real-time labelling. This network was also trained to analyze zebrafish with cardiovascular defects (pericardial edema) induced by chemical treatments with ethanol and ponatinib. It was revealed that the heart rate, EDV/ESV, stroke volume, and cardiac output from both the ethanol and ponatinib groups displayed significant reductions compared with the control. Hopefully, this trained DLC network can contribute to a better understanding and investigation of the existing cardiovascular system and abnormalities.AbstractDeepLabCut (DLC) is a deep learning-based tool initially invented for markerless pose estimation in mammals. In this study, we explored the possibility of adopting this tool for conducting markerless cardiac physiology assessment in an important aquatic toxicology model of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Initially, high-definition videography was applied to capture heartbeat information at a frame rate of 30 frames per second (fps). Next, 20 videos from different individuals were used to perform convolutional neural network training by labeling the heart chamber (ventricle) with eight landmarks. Using Residual Network (ResNet) 152, a neural network with 152 convolutional neural network layers with 500,000 iterations, we successfully obtained a trained model that can track the heart chamber in a real-time manner. Later, we validated DLC performance with the previously published ImageJ Time Series Analysis (TSA) and Kymograph (KYM) methods. We also evaluated DLC performance by challenging experimental animals with ethanol and ponatinib to induce cardiac abnormality and heartbeat irregularity. The results showed that DLC is more accurate than the TSA method in several parameters tested. The DLC-trained model also detected the ventricle of zebrafish embryos even in the occurrence of heart abnormalities, such as pericardial edema. We believe that this tool is beneficial for research studies, especially for cardiac physiology assessment in zebrafish embryos.Keywords:DeepLabCut;zebrafish;cardiac physiology;deep learning
研究领域:
生物学
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医学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 2
·596
·
IF 4.6
Qiongqiong Wang,Shiqi Liu,Long Xu,Bin Du,Lijun Song
Polysaccharides are the main bioactive components in safflower. In this study, safflower polysaccharides (SPs) were extracted by ultrasonic assisted extraction, and four purified safflower polysaccharide fractions (named SSP1, SSP2, SSP3, and SSP4, respectively) were obtained. The physicochemical properties and in vitro physiological activities of the four fractions were investigated. The molecular weights (MW) of the SSPs were 38.03 kDa, 43.17 kDa, 54.49 kDa, and 76.92 kDa, respectively. Glucuronic acid, galactose acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose were the main monosaccharides. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) indicated that the polysaccharides hadα- andβ-glycosidic bonds. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis showed that SSP1 had 6 different types of glycosidic bonds, while SSP3 had 8 different types. SSP3 exhibited relatively higher ABTS+scavenging activity, Fe+3-reduction activity, and antiproliferative activity. The results will offer a theoretical framework for the use of SPs in the industry of functional foods and medications.Keywords:safflower;polysaccharides;structures characterization;physiological activities
研究领域:
植物化学
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功能食品科学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
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2023
·
IF 4.5
Ferry Saputra,Michael Edbert Suryanto,Gilbert Audira,Cao Thang Luong,Chih-Hsin Hung,Marri Jmelou Roldan,Ross D. Vasquez,Chung-Der Hsiao
Daphnia magna is one species of water flea that has been used for a long time for ecotoxicity studies. In addition, Daphnia has a myogenic heart that is very useful for cardiotoxicity studies. Previous attempts to calculate the cardiac parameter endpoints in Daphnia suffer from the drawback of tedious operation and high variation due to manual counting errors. Even the previous method that utilized deep learning to help the process suffer from either overestimation of parameters or the need for specialized equipment to perform the analysis. In this study, we utilized DeepLabCut software previously used for animal pose tracking and demonstrated that ResNet_152 was the best fit for training the network. The trained network also showed comparable results with ImageJ and Kymograph, which was mostly done manually. In addition to that, several macro scripts in either Excel or Python format were developed to help summarize the data for faster analysis. The trained network was then challenged to analyze the potential cardiotoxicity of imidacloprid and pendimethalin in D. magna , and it showed that both pesticides cause alteration in their cardiac performance. Overall, this method provides a simple and automatic method to analyze the cardiac performance of Daphnia by utilizing DeepLabCut . The method proposed in this paper can contribute greatly to scientists conducting fast and accurate cardiotoxicity measurements when using Daphnia as a model.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
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计算生物学
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心血管研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 3
·
IF 2.1
Liu Yan-Mei,Huang Yuan-Yuan,Wang Fei-Feng,Hu Yu-Wei,Zhang Zhi-Lin,Cuthbertson Andrew G S,Qiu Bao-Li,Sang Wen
Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, is efficiently vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) plays a crucial role as an ectoparasitoid, preying on D. citri nymphs. By collecting and identifying headspace volatiles from fifth instar nymphs of D. citri using a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer (GC–MS), we obtained a collection of 9 volatile compounds. These compounds were subsequently chosen to investigate the electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female T. radiata. At a concentration of 10 μg/μl, 9 compounds were compared with cis-3-hexen-1-ol (control), resulting in trans-2-nonenal inducing the highest relative electroantennogram (EAG) value, followed by hexanal, heptanal, n-heptadecane, tetradecanal, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, 1-tetradecanol, and 1-dodecanol. The top 5 EAG responses of female T. radiata to these compounds were further investigated through EAG dose–response experiments. The results showed positive dose–responses as concentrations increased from 0.01 to 10 μg/μl. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, female T. radiata exhibited a preference for specific compounds. They were significantly attracted to tetradecanal at a concentration of 10 µg/µl and trans-2-nonenal at 0.01 µg/µl, while no significant attraction was observed toward hexanal, heptanal, or n-heptadecane. Our report is the first to demonstrate that volatiles produced by D. citri nymphs attract T. radiata, which suggests that this parasitoid may utilize nymph volatiles to locate its host.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物保护
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Dan Huang,Hao-Yun Zhang,Hua-Jun Wang,Hong-Jia Huang,Shuang Liu,Chu-Yi Qiu,Cai-Qin Cheng,Yun Huang,Zhaohe Luo,Wei-Dong Yang,Hong-Ye Li,Xiao-Fei Zheng,Da-Wei Li
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially naphthalene (Nap), pose a significant threat to coastal ecosystems and may contribute to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). However, the response mechanisms of HAB species to PAH pollution remain unclear. This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of the HAB species Heterosigma akashiwo to varying Nap concentrations. Low concentrations (1–10 μg/L) promoted growth, while high concentrations (20–1000 μg/L) inhibited growth, causing abnormal cell morphology and oxidative stress. Within 96 h, H. akashiwo removed 82.38 % (10 μg/L) and 88.93 % (100 μg/L) of Nap, mainly through biodegradation and intracellular accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that H. akashiwo employs a multifaceted adaptive strategy to cope with Nap stress. Key mechanisms include the upregulation of calcium signaling, transcription factors (e.g., zinc finger protein C2H2, myeloblastosis transcription factor, basic leucine zipper transcription factor), heat shock proteins (e.g., HSP40), and fatty acid desaturase (FAD), enhancing stress tolerance through detoxification, antioxidant responses, and membrane integrity. Activation of peroxisomal and oxidative phosphorylation genes indicates improved detoxification and energy metabolism. Differential expression of genes in the PI3K-Akt pathway reveals dose-dependent growth responses, with low concentrations promoting proliferation and high concentrations inhibiting growth. These findings offer insights into H. akashiwo ’s adaptive responses to Nap, aiding ecological risk assessment and bioremediation strategies for PAH pollution in marine environments.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
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环境科学
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生态学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Horticulturae
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·490
·
IF 3
Jiawei Ma,Ye Tian,Xuli Liu,Shengyou Fang,Chong Sun,Junliang Yin,Yongxing Zhu,Yiqing Liu
Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphidinae), a major pest of Chinese pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim), causes significant agricultural damage. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has shown potential as a source for developing botanical pesticides due to its strong bacteriostatic and insecticidal properties; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the repellent activity of ginger shoot extract (GSE) across four solvent phases—petroleum ether, trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol—against A. gossypii. The results demonstrated that GSE exhibited significant repellent effects, with the methanol phase showing the most pronounced activity. Twelve fractions were chromatographically separated from the methanol phase, and electroantennography (EAG) analysis revealed that fraction 4 induced strong EAG responses in both winged and wingless aphids. Further identification of active compounds in fraction 4 by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) indicated the presence of terpenes, aromatics, alkanes, esters, and phenols as major constituents. Subsequent EAG analysis identified several key compounds—octahydro-pentalene (C1), (Z)-cyclooctene (C2), dimethylstyrene (C3), tetramethyl-heptadecane (C5), tetrahydro-naphthalene (C6), and heptacosane (C9)—as responsible for eliciting EAG responses in both aphid forms. Additionally, results from Y-tube olfactometer assays showed that (Z)-cyclooctene and heptacosane were significantly attractive, while octahydro-pentalene acted as a strong repellent to both winged and wingless aphids. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of synthetic attractants and repellents for A. gossypii and provide a theoretical foundation for utilizing ginger in the creation of botanical pesticides targeting this pest.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物化学
·
农业害虫防治
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 4.52
Rui Zhang,Zhigang Zhao,Mingshuai Li,Liang Luo,Shihui Wang,Kun Guo,Wei Xu
Aquatic water with carbonate alkalinity presents a survival challenge to aquatic animals. As an economically important crab, large quantities of Eriocheir sinensis are cultured in carbonate-type saline-alkali ponds, while the toxic effect on E. sinensis from carbonate alkalinity is still unclear. In this study, untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics was performed to investigate the metabolic change caused by culture alkalinity, and confirmed distinct physiological response under gradient alkalinities. There were 39 differential metabolites obtained in the low-alkalinity group (4.35 mmol/L) versus control group, and “arachidonic acid metabolism” was enriched as a core response pathway. 93 differential metabolites were identified in the high-alkalinity group (17.43 mmol/L) versus control group, and a complex response net was manifested through integrated analysis, building by “steroid hormone biosynthesis”, “phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis”, “phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism”, “phenylalanine metabolism”, “mineral absorption”, “purine metabolism” and “carbon metabolism”. This indicated the mobilization of energy reserves and the suppression of protein and amino acid catabolism were manifested in E. sinensis gills to defense high alkalinity stress. In addition, the persistently regulation of key metabolites under various alkalinity, including diuretic compound “spironolactone” and the antiphlogistic compound “LXB 4 ”, suggested anti-inflammatory action and excretion regulation were initiated to defend the stress.
研究领域:
水产养殖学
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环境毒理学
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代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Advanced Materials Interfaces
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 23
·2101605
·
IF 6.147
Shuai Chen,Yong Yan,Yue Yu,Zhenfeng Wang,Xiaojun Zhu,Liping Sun,Chao Li,Feng Wang
Pathogenic bacteria and biofilm formation have become the urgent threats to global public health. Herein, metal-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) network with improved bactericidal effect and pathogenic biofilm eradication ability via trivalent cationic Fe 3+ catalyzed hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) decomposition is developed. EGCG, the predominant catechin from tea, is predicted to be a good chelator for eight metal ions (i.e., Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , Co 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Fe 3+ ). 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine oxidation experiment using UV–vis spectrometer demonstrated that Zn 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ are the potential candidates to accelerate the generation of H 2 O 2 by EGCG. Compared with the other two metal-EGCG network (Zn 2+ -EGCG or Mn 2+ -EGCG), only Ni 2+ -EGCG network has better bactericidal property and plays a synergistic role in the network system. Furthermore, by introducing Fe 3+ to Ni 2+ -EGCG network, the complex exhibits the best bactericidal property for gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1), which can be explained by the rapid H 2 O 2 decomposition and associated production of hydroxyl radicals. With SYTO 9/PI staining assay, Fe 3+ as a catalytic mediator in Ni 2+ -EGCG network shows the most significant bactericidal effect and pathogenic biofilm eradication ability. According to the above analysis, Ni 2+ -EGCG network presents a promising nanoplatform as an alternative to antibiotics for eradication of pathogenic bacteria and biofilms.
研究领域:
微生物学
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材料科学
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医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·762
·
IF 3.7
Qiutong Xu,Mingkui Zhang
Antibiotics are widely used in livestock and poultry farming for disease prevention and animal growth promotion. Due to the low absorption rate of antibiotics by animals, antibiotics can remain in livestock and poultry manure as parent or metabolites and enter the farm environment with the application of livestock and poultry manure, which has potential effects on crop growth. This study assessed the effects of single and combined contamination of antibiotics in soil on tomato plants. The accumulation of antibiotics in tomato plants and the impacts on crop growth were investigated. A pot experiment with sandy soil was conducted in a greenhouse, and a 100-day tomato growth experiment was conducted by adding different doses of tetracycline and sulfadiazine (0, 25, and 50 mg/kg). The antibiotic contents in various tissues and organs of the tomato were examined, and the changes in photosynthetic intensity and biomass of the tomato were observed to simulate the effects of exogenous antibiotic addition on the growth and quality of the tomato. The results indicated that tomato plants simultaneously absorbed tetracycline and sulfamethazine from soil. Antibiotics were primarily absorbed by tomato roots and were further delivered to plant leaves, stems, and fruits. Antibiotics exhibited the highest concentration in roots, followed by leaves, stems, and fruits. The contents of tetracycline and sulfamethazine in plant tissues elevated with the increase in soil antibiotics, which were higher in the vegetative growth stage than those in the late growth stage. At concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/kg, tetracycline and sulfamethazine combined pollution significantly reduced leaf photosynthetic rates and plant biomass. Notably, high levels of antibiotics led to decreases in tomato yield and quality. Additionally, high concentrations of antibiotic contamination elevated leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but reduced the leaf carbon/nitrogen ratio, as well as reduced the vitamin C content in the fruits. Overall, since antibiotics can accumulate in vegetables and enter the food chain, the findings are crucial for evaluating the impacts of soil antibiotic contamination on the production and food safety of tomato products, and will also add to our knowledge of antibiotic migration into the food chain.Keywords:antibiotics;absorption;combined pollution;physiological effect;tomato plants
研究领域:
环境科学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Plants-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2296
·
IF 4.5
Ying Qi,Lingling Ma,Muhammad Imran Ghani,Qiang Peng,Ruidong Fan,Xiaojing Hu,Xiaoyulong Chen
Passion fruit is known to be sensitive to drought, and in order to study the physiological and biochemical changes that occur in passion fruit seedlings under drought stress, a hypertonic polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) was used to simulate drought stress in passion fruit seedlings. We explored the physiological changes in passion fruit seedlings under drought stress induced by PEG to elucidate their response to drought stress and provide a theoretical basis for drought-resistant cultivation of passion fruit seedlings. The results show that drought stress induced by PEG had a significant effect on the growth and physiological indices of passion fruit. Drought stress significantly decreased fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and root vitality. Conversely, the contents of soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro), and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased gradually with the increasing PEG concentration and prolonged stress duration. After nine days, the SP, Pro and MDA contents were higher in passion fruit leaves and roots under 20% PEG treatments compared with the control. Additionally, with the increase in drought time, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend, and they reached the highest value at the sixth day of drought stress. After rehydration, SP, Pro and MDA contents in the leaves and roots of passion fruit seedlings was reduced. Among all the stress treatments, 20% PEG had the most significant effect on passion fruit seedlings. Therefore, our study demonstrated sensitive concentrations of PEG to simulate drought stress on passion fruit and revealed the physiological adaptability of passion fruit to drought stress.Keywords:Passiflora edulisSims;drought stress;hypertonic polyethylene glycol;physiological characteristics
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 11
·2711
·
IF 3.3
Wessam A. Abdelrady,Elsayed E. Elshawy,Hassan A. Abdelrahman,Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri,Zakir Ibrahim,Mohamed Mansour,Ibrahim S. El-Degwy,Taha Ghazy,Aziza A. Aboulila,Imran Haider Shamsi
Climate change significantly threatens crops, mainly through drought stress, affecting barley, which is essential for food and feed globally. Ten barley cultivars were evaluated under normal and drought stress conditions during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons, focusing on traits such as days to heading and maturity, plant height, number of spikes m−2, spike length, 1000-kernel weight, and biological and grain yield. Drought stress significantly reduced most of these traits. The genotypes showed significant differences in their responses to irrigation treatments, with the interaction between seasons and cultivars also being significant for most traits. The grain yield and 1000-kernel weight were among the least affected traits under drought stress, respectively. Notably, Giza138 and Giza126 showed strong drought tolerance, suitable for drought-resilient breeding. In season one, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 yielded 13%, 9%, and 11%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 showed higher reductions at 31% and 39%. In season two, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 had reductions of 14%, 10%, and 13%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 again exhibited higher reductions at 31% and 38%. These cultivars also showed strong performance across various stress tolerance indices, including the MP, YSI, STI, GMP, and YI. Giza 134 demonstrated the lowest values for the SDI and TOL, indicating superior drought stress tolerance. On the other hand, Giza 129 and Giza 135 were the most sensitive to drought stress, experiencing significant reductions across critical traits, including 6.1% in days to heading, 18.37% in plant height, 28.21% in number of kernel spikes−1, 38.45% in grain yield, and 34.91% in biological yield. In contrast, Giza 138 and Giza 2000 showed better resilience, with lower reductions in the 1000-kernel weight (6.41%) and grain yield (10.61%), making them more suitable for drought-prone conditions. Giza 126 and Giza 132 also exhibited lower sensitivity, with minimal reductions in days to heading (2%) and maturity (2.4%), suggesting potential adaptability to water-limited environments. Giza 126 maintained the highest root lengths and had the highest stomatal conductance. Giza 138 consistently had the highest chlorophyll content, with SPAD values decreasing to 79% under drought. Despite leading in shoot length, Giza 135 decreased to 42.59% under drought stress. In conclusion, Giza 126 and Giza 138 showed adaptability to water-limited conditions with minimal impact on phenological traits. Giza 126 had the longest roots and highest stomatal conductance, while Giza 138 consistently maintained a high chlorophyll content. Together, they and Giza 134 are valuable for breeding programs to improve barley drought tolerance.
研究领域:
作物科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）