ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2024
·
IF 4.4
Saiyin Hou,Dong Lv,Yinghan Li,Zonglin Li,Mengmeng Liu,Xinhong Yu,Yanchun Han
Wearable dry electrodes are the foundation for the development of long-term, real-time biopotential monitoring devices. However, the physiological signals collected by common electrodes often accompany high noise and motion artifacts due to difficulties in conforming to skin deformations and poor contact between electrodes and skin. In contrast to them, PEDOT:PSS-based dry electrodes become a promising material with adjustable stretchability, conductivity, and adhesion properties to achieve high-quality signal delivery. Herein, we report a highly stretchable self-adhesive film prepared by the conductive polymers PEDOT:PSS, ethylene glycol (EG), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and d-sorbitol (SOR). In the blending system, SOR will disrupt the dense hydrogen bond interactions within PVA and PSS chains, while PEDOT:PSS/PVA physically cross-linked networks can dissipate strain energy, providing toughness to the films. In addition, the hydroxyl groups on the surface enable the film to be self-adhesive by forming hydrogen bonds with the N and O atoms of the skin stratum corneum. The blended electrode exhibits a conductivity of 200 S/cm and an elongation at break of 120%. Moreover, the electrical properties are still maintained after cyclic stretching (R/R0 ≈ 1.09). The maximum adhesion force of the film on glass and skin is 1.20 and 0.36 N/cm, respectively. The electrode has good biocompatibility, and its excellent stretchability and adhesiveness are conducive to comply with the skin deformation under different conditions. The contact impedance between dry electrodes and skin is only 77 kΩ cm2, which ensures the accurate monitoring of physiological signals including electromyogram (EMG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) during rest or exercise. The signal quality is significantly higher than that of standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. This highly stretchable self-adhesive dry electrode provides a feasible idea for the research of next-generation health monitoring devices.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Han Gao,Wenshan Cai,Aotian Li,Yike Du,Ji-Liang Zhu,Zhicheng Ye
Mimicking biological skin enabling direct, intelligent interaction between users and devices, multimodal sensing with optical/electrical (OE) output signals is urgently required. Owing to this, this work aims to logically design a stretchable OE biomimetic skin (OE skin), which can sensitively sense complex external stimuli of pressure, strain, temperature, and localization. The OE skin consists of elastic thin polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal films, an ion-conductive hydrogel layer, and an elastic protective membrane formed with thin polydimethylsiloxane. The as-designed OE skin exhibits customizable structural color on demand, good thermochromism, and excellent mechanochromism, with the ability to extend the full visible spectrum, a good linearity of over 0.99, fast response speed of 93 ms, and wide temperature range of 119 °C. In addition, the conduction resistance variation of ion-conductive hydrogel exhibits excellent sensing capabilities under pressure, stretch, and temperature, endowing a good linearity of 0.99998 (stretching from 0 to 150%) and high thermal sensitivity of 0.86% per °C. Such an outstanding OE skin provides design concepts for the development of multifunctional biomimetic skin used in human–machine interaction and can find wide applications in intelligent wearable devices and human–machine interactions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Quan Wang,Lei Chen,Xiaoxue Bi,Xiaoqian Dong,Jianfei Xie,Bo Feng,Huigao Duan
Flexible electronics have attracted significant attention for their wide-range applications in flexible displays, human–machine interfaces, epidermal sensor systems, and biomedical engineering. Transfer printing serves as an effective approach to enable the manufacture of flexible electronics with high resolution, multiscale, and mass production features, which requires a lithographic process and the transfer of the devices from rigid substrates onto flexible substrates. However, typical wet transfer printing faces a series of challenges such as time consumption, instability of devices, and chemical solvent wastes, which cause harmful effects on the environment and health. In this work, we develop a sustainable, time-saving, and cost-effective transfer printing method by using a dry film photoresist (DFP). The reliable in situ manufacturing of large-area thin-film electronics is reported. Theoretical studies and mechanical experiments have been conducted to investigate the mechanism of DFP transfer printing and dry lift-off processes. Large-area and high-resolution photoresist and metallic patterns on various substrates are demonstrated. The application of in situ fabricated critical electrical components for collecting electromyography and electrocardiogram signals has been demonstrated, which offer signals with a superior signal-to-noise ratio and quality. Furthermore, the fabricated electrodes exhibit higher durability and stability compared with commercially available gel electrodes.
研究领域:
柔性电子
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微纳加工
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材料科学
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生物医学工程
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电子制造
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光电子学
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可持续技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Xiaojuan Ming,Weibing Zhong,Yiming Ke,Jing Lu,Kangyu Jia,Xincheng Ding,Haiqing Jiang,Mufang Li,Dong Wang
Flexible gel-based electrodes that can efficiently collect and conduct weak voltages or currents have been used to acquire human bioelectrical signals, thereby demonstrating significant potential for health management and telemedicine. Stable and reliable monitoring of electrocardiograms in an aqueous environment (sweating, swimming, or working underwater) remains a challenge, although it has been successfully achieved in air. In this study, conductive gels with high adhesion strengths were fabricated via isopropanol-softening polymer chains. Isopropanol endows softer gels with low cross-linked networks, promoting gel deformation and polymer chain movement under pressure. Ultimately, strengthened mechanical interlocking and a seamless adhesion interface were formed. The gel showed substantial adhesion strengths on various substrates (22.89, 23.46, and 30.50 kPa on porcine skin, polymethyl methacrylate, and fabrics, respectively). Under hydrophobic interactions of butyl acrylate, gels can also firmly adhere to underwater substrates with adhesion energies of 33.88, 33.15, and 37.21 J/m 2 on polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, and polycarbonate, respectively. Acrylic acid provides gels with intrinsic conductivity without the addition of other conductive materials. The considerable adhesion and interface impedance enable gels to collect continuous and reliable electrocardiogram signals, demonstrating significant promise for health monitoring and robotic arms.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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健康监测
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DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Jun Gao,Enpei Chen,Wenjing Yuan,Chuizhou Meng,Jindan Wu,Shijie Guo
In the field of ionogels, reversible bonding–debonding triggered by mild and accessible stimuli is highly demanded especially for the use of bioelectric electrodes. In addition, the consistent stability of ionogels in underwater conditions are also needed to deal with complex practical scenarios. Herein, an intrinsically conductive, transparent, and underwater self-healing ionogel with on-demand bonding triggered by skin temperature is proposed. The ionogel is designed by incorporating long alkyl side chains into a chemically–physically crosslinked fluorine-rich elastomer with ionic liquid (IL) encapsulated as the conductive media. The long alkyl side chains undergo a semicrystalline-to-amorphous transition between 20 and 32 °C, resulting in large conductivity and adhesion variation of the ionogel. It can be reversibly bonding and debonding with the skin for more than 500 cycles without electrical/mechanical property degradation. The unique morphology with adaptive, conductive IL islands and ion shuttles ensure a high conductivity (1.3 × 10 −2 S m −1 ) above the skin temperature even under 800% deformations. When utilized as bioelectric electrodes, the ionogel exhibits long-term stability, reusability, and high precision for electromyography and electrocardiogram signal collecting. This study proposes a new design of reversible bonding–debonding ionogel, which can be used in wet environments such as sweaty bodies and underwater conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Rongtai Wan,Shuhan Liu,Zheng Li,Gen Li,Hai Li,Jianhong Li,Jingkun Xu,Ximei Liu
PEDOT:PSS hydrogel-based bioelectronic interfaces have gained significant attention in various fields including biomedical devices , wearable devices , and epidermal electronics. However, the development of high-performance bioelectronic interfaces that integrate excellent conductivity, strong adhesion , and advanced processing compatibility remains a challenge. Herein, we develop a high-performance bioelectronic interface by 3D printing of a novel poly(vinyl alcohol-formaldehyde) (PVAF)-PEDOT:PSS composite ink. Such a PEDOT:PSS-PVAF ink exhibits favorable rheological properties for direct-ink-writing 3D printing , enabling the fabrication of high-resolution patterns and three-dimensional structures with high aspect ratios . Hydrogel bioelectronic interface printed by such PEDOT:PSS-PVAF ink simultaneously achieves high conductivity (over 100 S m - 1 ), strong adhesion (31.44 ± 7.07 kPa), as well as stable electrochemical performance (charge injection capacity of 13.72 mC cm - 2 and charge storage capacity of 18.80 mC cm - 2 ). We further integrate PEDOT:PSS-PVAF hydrogel bioelectronic interface to fabricate adhesive skin electrodes for electromyography (EMG) signal recording. The resultant EMG skin electrodes demonstrate superior performance and stability compared to commercial products, maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio of > 10 dB under varying weights and repetitive motions. These advantageous performance of PEDOT:PSS-PVAF based hydrogel bioelectronic interfaces may be helpful for diverse bioelectronic applications like healthcare monitoring and epidermal bioelectronics.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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可穿戴设备
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2024
·Vol. 11
·期 40
·2406706
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IF 14.3
Chuqi Li,Zhiyuan Tan,Xiaohu Shi,Dekui Song,Yan Zhao,Yan Zhang,Zihan Zhao,Weifeng Zhang,Jiongyang Qi,Yifang Wang,Xin Wang,Zhenquan Tan,Nan Liu
Electronic tattoo, capable of imperceivably acquiring bio-electrical signals from the body, is broadly applied in healthcare and human-machine interface. Tattoo substrate, the foundation of electronic tattoo, is expected to be mechanically mimetic to skin, adhesive, and breathable, and yet remains highly challenging to achieve. Herein, the study mimics human skin and design a breathable, adhesive, and mechanically skin-like super tattoo substrate based on an ultra-thin film (≈2 µm). Similar to skin, super tattoo demonstrates strain-adaptive stiffening properties with high tear energy (5.4 kJ·m −2 ) and toughness (1.3 MJ·m −3 ). Superior to skin, it exhibits high adhesion, ionic conductivity, and permeability. A variety of conductive electrodes can be processed on it, showing the universality toward an ideal platform for electronic tattoo with stable and low contact impedance. Super tattoo-based electrodes can imperceivably and accurately monitor weak electromyography (EMG) of swallowing on the junction, providing effective guidance for rehabilitation training of dysphagia.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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康复医学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2017
·
IF 7.504
Aimin Chen,Rui Liu,Xiao Peng,Qiaofen Chen,Jianmin Wu
In order to distinguish NO2 and SO2 gas with one sensor, we designed a paper chip assembled with a 2D g-C3N4/rGO stacking hybrid fabricated via a layer-by-layer self-assembly approach. The g-C3N4/rGO hybrid exhibited a remarkable photoelectric property due to the construction of a van der Waals heterostructure. For the first time, we have been able to selectively detect NO2 and SO2 gas using a “light on and off” strategy. Under the “light off” condition, the g-C3N4/rGO sensor exhibited a p-type semiconducting behavior with a low detection limit of 100 ppb of NO2, but with no response toward SO2. In contrast, the sensor showed n-type semiconducting behavior which could detect SO2 at concentration as low as 2 ppm under UV light irradiation. The effective electron transfer among the 2D structure of g-C3N4 and rGO nanosheets as well as highly porous structures could play an important role in gas sensing. The different sensing mechanisms at “light on and off” circumstances were also investigated in detail.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学传感器
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Advanced Sensor Research
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2024
·
IF 0
Yixin Xu,Lianjun Deng,Yuyao Lu,Jianhuan Zhang,Zhouyi Xu,Kaichen Xu,Chentao Zhang
Epidermal electronics that can monitor physiological signals such as surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals attract widespread attentions in personalized healthcare, human–machine interfaces (HMI) and virtual/augmented reality (AR/VR). However, conventional electromyographic electrodes suffer from skin discomfort, susceptibility to motion artifact interference, and short service lifetime. Here, an organohydrogel-based sEMG electrode endows with high conductivity, low modulus and long-term stability is developed by doping partially reduced graphene oxide (pRGO) into highly cross-linked organohydrogel network. The as-fabricated polyacrylamide/sodium alginate/tannic acid/partially reduced graphene oxide (PAM/SA/TA/pRGO) organohydrogel possesses farewell conductivity (4.22 S m −1 ) while preserving tissue-like compliance (Young's modulus ≈32 KPa), excellent stretchability (≈600%), high adhesion as well as superior anti-drying properties. In addition, a stretchable sEMG electrode for long-term reliable service is fabricated via immobilizing the organohydrogel electrodes onto a flexible very high bond (VHB) substrate. As a result, the integrated electrodes show high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (35.15 db) comparable to that of the commercial electrodes. Furthermore, with assistance of deep learning, the proposed sEMG electrodes obtain high identification accuracy of 97.11% in distinguishing sophisticated gestures. This system can be further exploited for real-time tele-operations and offers broad prospects in human–machine immersive interactive application.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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柔性电子学
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人机交互
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信号处理
✓ 已验证
DOI
IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics Magazine
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·28-40
·
IF 1.9
Shumi Zhao,Liwen Xie,Yang Song,Yan Tang,Zhijun Li,Peng Shi,Cheng Chen,Jianwei Liu
Robots want to collaborate with humans or mimic human actions, needing various flexible sensors. Flexible skin electrodes are used as human–robot interfaces (HRIs), providing an opportunity for sensing interactions between robot and user. However, traditional electrodes with low skin adhesion prevent their applications in human-assisted robots, especially sweat on the skin surface, resulting in them slipping and even falling off. Thus, sodium casein (SC) is used for improving polyacrylamide (PAAM) hydrogel to fabricate PAAM-SC-conductive hydrogel with excellent conductivity and mechanical properties. The strong interaction of PAAM-SC improves its adhesion, which has an elongation at a break of roughly 3,000%. Additionally, it exhibits extremely low resistance (< 5kΩ), which can be used for electromyography (EMG) sensing. Herein, flexible skin electrodes with four-layer structures are designed. To fabricate flexible skin electrodes for hand gesture recognition, a 3D printer is employed to pattern high-performance Ag wires with structurally soft and stretchable filamentary serpentines to connect an external circuit and the PAAM-SC-conductive hydrogel. Based on the Transformer network model analysis, the classification results in cross validation are more than 85%. Notably, the PAAM-SC hydrogel as a strain sensor attached to a robotic finger can quickly respond to robotic finger movements. We might anticipate that our strategy will improve the harmonized integration between flexible electronics and human skin for smart HRIs, and when a corobot is equipped with the PAAM-SC-conductive hydrogel, the robots can interact and collaborate with humans seamlessly through active perception and matching.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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机器人学
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·Vol. 187
·期 3
·1-8
·
IF 6.232
Chen Yan,Yin Huanshun,Sui Chengji,Fu Weizhang,Yang Yue,Ai Shiyun
A photoelectrochemical method was proposed for DNA hydroxymethylation determination using black TiO 2 (B-TiO 2 ) nanosphere as photoactive material and ZnO as photoactivity inhibitor. After hydroxymethylated DNA (5hmC-DNA) was captured on the probe modified B-TiO 2 /ITO electrode surface through hybridization, a glycosyl can be then transferred from uridine diphosphoglucose to 5hmC-DNA and formed a covalent structure with –CH 2 OH in the presence of T4 β-glucosyltransferase (β-GT). Afterwards, based on a series of covalent reaction, amino functionalized ZnO nanoparticles are further immobilized to the surface of the electrode. Due to the capacity to expend the irradiation light and the photogenerated electron of electron donor, the modified ZnO nanoparticles can result in a decreased photocurrent. The developed method shows wide linear ranges from 0.05-200 nM for hydroxymethylated DNA and 1-220 unit·mL −1 for T4-β-glucosyltransferase. The corresponding determination limits were 0.013 nM and 0.24 unit·mL −1 , respectively. The enzyme activity inhibited by 4-phenylimidazole was evaluated. This photoelectrochemical method shows high specificity for 5hmC-DNA (compared to 5fC, 5mC, m6A, control) and β-GT (compared to β-AGT, UGT2B7), and shows excellent stability for testing 5hmC (RSD = 2.75%).
Schematic representation of photoelectrochemical method for DNA hydroxymethylation and β-glucosyltransferase detection based on the glycosylation reaction of –CH 2 OH in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and the inhibition activity of ZnO to the photoactivity of black TiO 2 nanospheres.
研究领域:
生物化学
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分子生物学
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 6
·2212341
·
IF 19.924
Longfei Chang,Dongping Wang,Zhishan Huang,Chaofan Wang,Janno Torop,Bo Li,Yanjie Wang,Ying Hu,Alvo Aabloo
The prospects of endowing artificial robotics or devices with increasingly complex and emergent life-like behaviors have attracted growing interest in the soft functional materials that mimic the versatile motions of living creatures in the iridescent nature. However, despite the flourishing achievements so far, soft actuators capable of sensitive multi-stimulus responses and self-sustainable movements, have been extensively pursued to reduce control complexity yet remains a challenging target. Here, through material-structural synergistic design incorporating stress-mismatching structure, high pseudo-negative coefficient of thermal expansion of perfluoro-sulfonic acid ionomer, comprehensive converting properties of carbon nanotube, and anisotropic large thermal expansion of PE polymer, an ionomer-based bilayer actuator is proposed, presenting high-performance actuation of various forms and nice stability, responsive to light (including sunlight without focusing, LED light), low voltage, mild heating, and humidity/solvent change. With a built-in structural feedback loop, the actuation performances are further explored to realize intelligent systems, including: 1) self-sustainable locomotion under sunlight irradiation with adjustable photophobic and phototropic direction as well as adaption to different topographies and loading conditions, 2) self-sustainable oscillation and solar-electric generating, and 3) bionic floristic reaction according to environmental change. These diversified actuation modes allow promising following-up designs for bio-hybrid soft robotics fueled by and harmonized with natural environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机器人学
·
生物工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）