Integrated Electronic Tags based Vertical Flow Assay (e-VFA) with Micro-sieve and AlGaN/GaN HEMT sensors for Multi-target detection in Actual Saliva
Vertical flow assay (VFA) is an effective point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tool for widespread applications. Nevertheless, the lack of multi-target detection and multi-signal readout capability still remain challenges. Herein, a brand new VFA scheme for multi-target saliva detection based on electronic-tags was proposed, where AlGaN/GaN HEMT sensors modified with different bio-receptors as electronic tags endowed the VFA a multi-target detection capability. In addition, the use of electronic tags instead of optical tags made that the VFA could simultaneously carry out direct multi-target readout, which ensure the effective POC diagnostic of saliva analysis. Moreover, by integrating a hydrophilically optimized micro-sieve, impurities like sticky filaments, epidermal cells and other large-scale charged particles in saliva were effectively screened, which enabled the direct detection of saliva by AlGaN/GaN HEMT sensors. Glucose, urea, and cortisol were selected to verified the feasibility of the multi-target e-VFA scheme, results displayed that the limit-of-detection (LOD) was as low as 100 aM. The linear response was demonstrated in the dynamic range of 100 aM - 100 μM, the specificity and long-term stability and the validity of the actual saliva test were also verified. These results demonstrated that the as-proposed e-VFA had potential application in saliva detection for multi-target simultaneous detection, and it is expected to achieve the real-time detection of more biological targets in saliva.
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