Xu Sijia,Li Ruiqi,Tian Shu,Yu Junyu,An Chengtao,Yang Kai,Yang Jing,Zhang Lei
In-flight icing is a common hazard in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), accounting for 25% of drone accidents due to their sensitivity to weight increase. Anti-icing technology for UAVs remains challenging because of their limited payload capacity and insufficient power to support electrothermal deicing systems. In this study, a self-healing intelligent skin was developed for small-size smart devices, such as UAVs. It provides anti-icing and icephobic capabilities in addition to real-time monitoring of in-flight icing. This skin consists of five layers, including self-healing supramolecular elastomers and electrodes, with an encapsulation layer composed of a specially designed fluoropolymer to decrease the ice nucleation temperature (−28.4 °C) and ice adhesion strength (33.0 kPa). Notably, this skin can monitor ice accretion on the UAV surface in real time, and its sensing performance undergoes complete self-recovery after damage. This study paves the way for intelligent UAVs to operate safely under extreme weather conditions.
Addressing Wenzel-state wetting transition and structural instability in superhydrophobic coatings under cryogenic humidity and mechanical stress, this work develops a multiscale binder synergized with ceramic cellular fillers to in situ fabricate a composite coating integrating efficient anti-icing/deicing with robust durability. Precise modulation of acrylic resin (AR) phase separation dynamics induces topological reconstruction of the dynamic bonding network in aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (SADP), yielding in situ-grown SADP nanorods (aspect ratio is 5.1) within micropores that enhance coating puncture resistance and hydrophobic stability, suppress frost-bridging propagation, and provide bubble coalescence matrices, achieving gas-liquid/solid-liquid asymmetric lifted freezing at −20 °C and 95 % RH, spontaneous ice-shedding at 75 % RH, and passive deicing via Wenzel-to-Cassie transition during melt. The rebar-concrete-mimetic skeleton formed by ADP-AR matrix intertwined with ceramic cellular fillers endowing superior durability: maintaining 155° contact angle (initial 159.8°) post 360 abrasion cycles with resistance to weathering, thermal cycling (−20 °C–150 °C), peeling, UV radiation, and chemical exposure, delivering a long-term anti-icing solution for wind turbine blades in extreme environments.
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