AQUACULTURE
·
2022
·
IF 5.135
Yang Hu,Huan Wang,Lei Liu,Jia-yun Yao,Jiong Chen
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is a fish viral pathogen that causes severe disease and huge economic losses in the largemouth bass (M. salmoides ) farming industry in aquaculture. Currently, there is no treatment strategy for MSRV. Thus, anti-MSRV drugs are urgently needed. In this study, it was found that the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa L. had good anti-MSRV activity, and the inhibition rate of G and N protein expression of MSRV was >95%. Further studies showed that arctigenin, a natural component of A. lappa L., could inhibit MSRV infection in a dose-dependent mode on grass carp ovary (GCO) cells. In addition, arctigenin could effectively inhibit the cytopathic changes caused by virus and significantly reduce the titer of virus. The pretreatment and post-treatment experiments showed that arctigenin had preventive and therapeutic effects on MSRV infection. TOA and TOR studies indicated that arctigenin may play an antiviral role in the early stage of virus replication. Interestingly, we found that arctigenin treatment significantly inhibited mitochondrial damage in GCO cells by preserving mitochondrial function and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential levels (ΔΨm). More importantly, arctigenin was also effective against MSRV infection in largemouth bass. The survival rate of infected fish was increased by 16% and 20% respectively by adding 0.5% and 1% arctigenin in the diet. Additionally, the virus titer of the largemouth bass in the arctigenin treatment group was significantly decreased. In summary, arctigenin is confirmed to be a natural product with the excellent anti-MSRV activity, and its application in the treatment of MSRV is promising in aquaculture.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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病毒学
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药理学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
Guang-shuo Wang,Jia-cheng Qin,Yun-long Qin,Yao Wang,Bin Yang,Xiang Liu,Fei Ling,Gao-xue Wang
Largemouth bass virus (LMBV) poses a serious threat to commercial fish production, resulting in significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry. To date, no approved treatment for LMBV infection exists. In response to this urgent need, we conducted an investigation into the anti-LMBV activity of 15 natural compounds. Among these compounds, luteolin (LUT) was the most effective, with a remarkable inhibition rate of 97.27 % on LMBV replication. In vitro antiviral activity assays further demonstrated that LUT significantly inhibited LMBV replication in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) was 2.77 μM. Additionally, viral titers and cytopathic effect (CPE) were reduced in the presence of LUT, suggesting its potential to protect infected cells. Mechanistically, LUT could directly affect LMBV particles and weaken their infectivity. Furthermore, LUT was effective in inhibiting LMBV adsorption to host cells and had preventive effects. In vivo studies revealed that LUT improved the survival rate of largemouth bass infected with LMBV. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays demonstrated that LUT significantly decreased viral loads in the liver, spleen, and kidney of largemouth bass at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after infection. These findings suggest that LUT has the potential as a therapeutic agent to protect economically valuable fish from LMBV infection.
研究领域:
水产养殖
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病毒学
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药理学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
·
2024
·Vol. 105
·期 5
·001996
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IF 3.6
Yuting Duan,Haichuan Li,Shuai Huang,Yaoming Li,Shuyi Chen,Lilan Xie
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), an enteropathogenic coronavirus, has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry, with 100% mortality in piglets aged 2 weeks and intestinal injury in pigs of other ages. However, there is still a shortage of safe and effective anti-TGEV drugs in clinics. In this study, phloretin, a naturally occurring dihydrochalcone glycoside, was identified as a potent antagonist of TGEV. Specifically, we found phloretin effectively inhibited TGEV proliferation in PK-15 cells, dose-dependently reducing the expression of TGEV N protein, mRNA, and virus titer. The anti-TGEV activity of phloretin was furthermore refined to target the internalization and replication stages. Moreover, we also found that phloretin could decrease the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines induced by TGEV infection. In addition, we expanded the potential key targets associated with the anti-TGEV effect of phloretin to AR, CDK2, INS, ESR1, ESR2, EGFR, PGR, PPARG, PRKACA, and MAPK14 with the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Furthermore, resistant viruses have been selected by culturing TGEV with increasing concentrations of phloretin. Resistance mutations were reproducibly mapped to the residue (S242) of main protease (Mpro). Molecular docking analysis showed that the mutation (S242F) significantly disrupted phloretin binding to Mpro, suggesting Mpromight be a potent target of phloretin. In summary, our findings indicate that phloretin is a promising drug candidate for combating TGEV, which may be helpful for developing pharmacotherapies for TGEV and other coronavirus infections.
研究领域:
病毒学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
·
2024
·
IF 3.3
Tongyu Zhang,Yawen Tian,Xiao Zhang,Wenfeng Wang,Yingkai He,Chongbo Ge,Futing Jia,Zhannan Wang,Yanlong Jiang
The H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is spreading worldwide. Presence of H9N2 virus tends to increase the chances of infection with other pathogens which can lead to more serious economic losses. In a previous study, a regulated delayed lysis Salmonella vector was used to deliver a DNA vaccine named pYL233 encoding M1 protein, mosaic HA protein and chicken GM-CSF adjuvant. To further increase its efficiency, chitosan as a natural adjuvant was applied in this study. The purified plasmid pYL233 was coated with chitosan to form a DNA containing nanoparticles (named CS233) by ionic gel method and immunized by intranasal boost immunization in birds primed by oral administration with Salmonella strain. The CS233 DNA nanoparticle has a particle size of about 150 nm, with an encapsulation efficiency of 93.2 ± 0.12 % which protected the DNA plasmid from DNase I digestion and could be stable for a period of time at 37°. After intranasal boost immunization, the CS233 immunized chickens elicited higher antibody response, elevated CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells activation and increased T-lymphocyte proliferation, as well as increased productions of IL-4 and IFN-γ. After challenge, chickens immunized with CS233 resulted in the lowest levels of pulmonary virus titer and viral shedding as compared to the other challenge groups. The results showed that the combination of intranasal immunization with chitosan-coated DNA vaccine and oral immunization with regulatory delayed lytic Salmonella strain could enhance the immune response and able to provide protection against H9N2 challenge.
研究领域:
免疫学
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病毒学
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兽医学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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