CROP PROTECTION
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2011
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IF 1.517
B. Sarath Babu,S.R. Pandravada,R.D.V.J. Prasada Rao,K. Anitha,S.K. Chakrabarty,K.S. Varaprasad
Today India is the main producer of peppers especially the hot peppers , albeit mostly for domestic use. The thrips and mites, and the virus diseases transmitted by them along with fungal diseases like fruit rot, powdery mildew , bacterial wilt and leaf spots are the limiting factors in pepper productivity. The solution for managing these pests on a sustained basis exists in adopting eco-friendly approaches like using resistant cultivars. Fortunately huge natural genetic diversity exists in pepper and therefore, essential research efforts in finding out resistant sources and their utilization have been by and large dynamic and successful. Despite continuous scientific efforts there is a dire need for new cultivars with resistant traits for various pests suitable to varied climatic conditions, consumption and quality preferences all over the world. Efforts need to be intensified to find out useful genetic material and to introduce genes of resistance against insects, fungal and virus diseases into commercial cultivars. Genetic resources that have been used intensively in pepper breeding are for developing sweet peppers, hot peppers, bell peppers in various shapes, sizes and colors. Germplasm repositories at the World Vegetable Research Center (AVRDC) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) do possess number of genotypes resistant to insect pests , nematode, fungi, bacteria and virus diseases. At AVRDC resistant genotypes originating from several pepper growing countries to most virus diseases like Tobacco mosaic virus , Cucumber mosaic virus , Pepper veinal mottle virus , Chilli veinal mottle virus , Peanut bud necrosis virus etc., were identified from its rich pepper diversity. Exploitation of rich genetic diversity resulted in the development of new cultivars encompassing resistance to various pests and good agronomical traits. This has eventually resulted in meeting the demanding situations of diverse domestic as well as global production requirements. The chile database ( Chile Database, 2010 ) highlights the exemplary utilization of germplasm and development of large number of cultivars and hybrids resistant to most diseases and nematodes around the world. This paper also depicts information on Indian sources of resistance to thrips, mites, leaf curl complex, nematodes and diseases, while presenting the scope for exploitation of diversity available in the Indian National Gene Bank and other repositories all over the world. An attempt is also made to identify the gaps in the genetic diversity and cultivars against the biotic constraints and the augmentation efforts required to be initiated toward enrichment of the gene pool for domestic as well as global use.
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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农业科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Zitong Yuan,Liuping Deng,Weimin Liu,Jiahua Yang,Dabin Long,Chuanxin Ma,Shanzi Wang,Kun Qian
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci ( B. tabaci ) stands as the exclusive identified vector for tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), the causative agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). Current disease management strategies face significant challenges due to the absence of effective antiviral chemicals, necessitating heavy reliance on whitefly population control. However, the occurrence of insecticide resistance and the invasiveness of B. tabaci have severely compromised conventional control methods, highlighting an urgent demand for innovative disease management approaches. This study presents a kind of LDH superpolymer as a nano-insecticide to control B. tabaci . It was generated through self-assembly of LDH SLNSs gel with supplement of matrine (MT) to form nanohybrids. We found that the 150 nm LDH nanosheets displayed a high efficiency to permeate tomato leaf stomata, enabling accumulation in intercellular cavities and mesophyll cell cytoplasm. The loading efficiency of MT-LDH nanohybrids achieved to 16 %. Compared to conventional MT formulations, foliar application of 500 mg/L MT-LDH increased 50.39–75.17 % phyllospheric MT retention in tomato leaves. The nanomaterial exhibited efficient showing 2.83-fold bioactivity against B. tabaci adults than that of aqueous MT solutions. Moreover, we revealed that the biocontrol activity of the MT-LDH nanohybrids conferred dual protective benefits: (1) activation of plant defenses to inhibit mitigation of TYLCV; and (2) enhanced systemic acquired resistance against viral infection. These findings establish a novel antiviral paradigm that both killed vector insect and activate host defence. The MT-LDH nanohybrids offered a potential solution to control TYLCV epidemics with reduced pesticide reliance.
研究领域:
纳米技术
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植物病毒学
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害虫管理
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农业化学
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植物病理学
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病毒学
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杀虫剂科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2024
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IF 8.3
Jinzhe Chang,Xuehua Shao,Xin Wang,Jun Liu,Jian Wu,Muhammad Zeeshan,Shiqi Zhu,Pengpeng Liu,Xiaoran Miao,Pengrui Du,Zhixiang Zhang,Peiwen Zhang
The development of novel, safe, and efficient pest and disease control technologies for agricultural crops remains a pivotal area of research. In this study, by combining ZIF-8 and ZIF-90, a water-stable, pH-responsive bilayer MOF nanoparticle (NP) named Z8@Z90 was created, and tebuconazole (TEB) was added to form T@Z8@Z90, used for controlling peanut southern blight. The loading efficiency of TEB within the T@Z8@Z90 reached 26.15%, enabling rapid release in acidic environments triggered by oxalic acid (OA) secreted by Sclerotium rolfsii. In vitro experiments showed that T@Z8@Z90 can regulate the oxalic acid secretion of S. rolfsii and destroy its cell membrane structure. Additional experiments revealed that T@Z8@Z90 reduced sclerotial formation, decreased the total protein content of sclerotia, and influenced their sensitivity to pesticides, thereby mitigating the risk of reinfection by S. rolfsii. Notably, T@Z8@Z90 exhibited efficient translocation within peanut seedlings, being absorbed through the roots and transported to the leaves. At a concentration of 200 mg/L, T@Z8@Z90 exhibited high safety profiles for peanut seedling growth compared to the TEB suspension. Moreover, T@Z8@Z90 is safer for earthworms than TEB SC. Overall, this study offers valuable insights for the management of soil-borne diseases in agriculture and contributes to the advancement of sustainable agricultural practices.
研究领域:
农业科学
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植物病理学
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纳米技术
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）