Horticulturae
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 10
·1136
·
IF 3.1
Siyuan Xie,He Si,Shenfei Zhang,Ru Zhou,Yuyan Xue,Shijie Wang,Shiqiang Wang,Yizhong Duan,Junfeng Niu,Zhezhi Wang
Atractylodes chinensishas a high medicinal value and is widely cultivated. However, root rot disease seriously affects the yield and quality ofA. chinensis. To develop green and safe pesticides, the inhibitory effect of essential oils (EOs) of three Labiatae plants on the pathogenic fungi that causes root rot disease inAtractylodes chinensiswas investigated. The results showed that theOriganum vulgareEO andThymus mongolicusEO exhibited strong inhibitory effects onFusarium oxysporum,Fusarium solani, andFusarium redolens, with 100% inhibition rate. The low MIC values of EOs and their main components against the three pathogenic fungi indicated that all of them showed strong fungicidal effects. The MIC values ofO. vulgareEO againstF. oxysporum,F. solani,andF. redolenswere 2.60 mg/mL, 3.13 mg/mL, and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. Analyses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that theO. vulgareEO severely damaged the cell wall and cell membrane of mycelial cells. TheO. vulgareEO increased cell permeability, leading to a large leakage of cell contents (DNA and proteins). In addition,O. vulgareEO inhibitedF. oxysporumby inducing ROS production and reducing the amount of intracellular GSH, leading to a large accumulation of ROS. This study showed that plant EOs have excellent fungicidal activity and can be used as novel natural and environmentally friendly pesticides for the control of root rot inA. chinensis.Keywords:Atractylodes chinensis;root rot;essential oils;Origanum vulgare;antifungal activity;mechanisms of action
研究领域:
植物科学
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药理学
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微生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Alexandria Engineering Journal
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2025
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IF 6.8
Yinzi Yue,Zhengjun Li,Yifei Qian,Xiaopeng Wang,Huiju Yang,Lianlin Su,Shuai Yan
In this study, we developed a novel drug delivery system based on polysaccharides extracted from Atractylodes macrocephala rhizomes. Using ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction, we successfully isolated heteropolysaccharides with a predominant glucose composition (67.3 %) and molecular weight of 145 kDa. The ionic gelation method with STMP yielded uniform spherical nanoparticles exhibiting a negative surface charge of −32.4 mV and monomodal size distribution around 168 nm. The nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable stability over 30 days at 4°C with less than 5 % size variation. Using curcumin as a model drug, the system achieved 78.5 % encapsulation efficiency and displayed pH-sensitive release behavior, with accelerated release at pH 5.0 (89.2 %) compared to pH 7.4 (76.4 %) over 72 hours. The nanoformulation enhanced cellular uptake through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, with 78.3 % internalization after 6 hours. Cytotoxicity studies revealed minimal carrier toxicity (IC50 > 2000 μg/mL) while improving curcumin's therapeutic efficacy by reducing IC50 from 45.7 to 22.3 μg/mL in MDA-MB-231 cells. The degree of sulfation (DS = 1.2) was identified as a critical parameter affecting cellular internalization and therapeutic performance.
研究领域:
药剂学
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生物医学工程
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天然产物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Endocrinology
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Ping Yang,Gao Qi,Li Changxu,Wang Yan,Wang Yuliang,Li Shuo,Qiu Mingjing,Zhang Linqian,Tu Ailing,Tian Yu,Zhao Hong
Background: A microneedle patch loaded with Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma water extract was prepared for the treatment of mammary gland hyperplasia. To explore the relationship between Mammary gland hyperplasia and intestinal flora.Materials and methods: Preparation of the microneedle patch by micromolding method, the prescription of the microneedle was optimized by the Box-Behnken Design response surface test, and the micro-morphology, penetration, toughness, and brittleness were investigated. In vitro release of drug-loaded microneedles was measured by diffusion cell method. The rat model of mammary gland hyperplasia was prepared by the combination of estradiol benzoate-progesterone, and the microneedle patch of Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma aqueous extract was used for intervention treatment. The change of levels in E2, P, and PRL in rat serum was determined. The intestinal contents of rats were collected and the changes in intestinal flora in MGH rats were analyzed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing.Results: The optimized microneedle formula is a PVA concentration of 6.0%, HA concentration of 15.5%, and PVPK30 concentration of 16.0%. The prepared microneedle tip loaded with Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma aqueous extract has complete, sharp, and no bubbles and the needle rate of the microneedle array is in the range of 95%~100%. The bending rate of the microneedle is about 12.7%, and it has good flexibility, and the microneedle can puncture 4 layers of ParafilmⓇ membrane smoothly, and the puncture rate is more than 96%. The in vitro release of the microneedle was characterized by rapid release. The results of animal experiments showed that Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma aqueous extract microneedle patch could significantly reduce the E2 level, significantly reduce the PRL level, and significantly increase the P level. At the same time, it can regulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in MGH rats, improve the intestinal flora disorder caused by mammary gland hyperplasia, and balance the community structure.Conclusion: The prepared microneedle containing Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma aqueous extract has good toughness and brittle strength, can penetrate the skin and enter the dermis, and effectively deliver drugs to play a role in the treatment of mammary gland hyperplasia.
研究领域:
药学
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微生物学
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内分泌学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
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2024
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IF 3.9
Yun Cholil,Pak Solme,Pang Yulin,Phyon Jong Min,Yao Liuyang,Guo Xiaorui,Kim Cholung,Ma Songsu,Ri Tongchol,Pak Ryongho,Wang Huimei
The adventitious root (AR) culture of Atractylodes chinensis is an efficient platform for sustainable production of its sesquiterpenoid compounds (atractylon and β-eudesmol). However, their limited accumulation levels need an effective elicitation approach, and the present study solved this problem using methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as an elicitor. The effects of its treatment concentration and duration on metabolite production were investigated. The ARs treated with 100 µM MeJA for seven days increased atractylon and β-eudesmol by 3.64- and 1.90-fold, respectively, compared with the control. This study further performed transcriptome analysis to explore the transcriptional regulation mechanism of the MeJA elicitation. A total of 124,464 unigenes were identified in A. chinensis ARs, of which 3,568 genes were upregulated and 3,864 genes were downregulated under the MeJA treatment. The MeJA treatment activated the endogenous JA biosynthesis and signaling pathways and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. The MeJA treatment more significantly activated the MEP pathway than the MVA pathway. In addition, 14 genes encoding terpene synthase were identified to be significantly upregulated. A total of 2,700 transcription factors (TFs) were identified in A. chinensis ARs, of which Tify, MYB, and MADS were significantly enriched under the MeJA treatment. We predicted a new antagonistic interaction between MYC2 and CPP TFs, which was significantly regulated by the MeJA treatment. The results of real-time quantitative PCR and enzyme activity assays proved the reliability of the transcriptome data. This study will help improve the in vitro production system of A. chinensis sesquiterpenoids and understand the transcriptional regulation mechanism of MeJA elicitation.
研究领域:
植物学
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药用植物研究
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分子生物学
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次生代谢研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.8
Xiaocui Jiang,Xiaoming Yu,Zhongyi Zhu,Yinjuan Lyu,Xinyu Jiang,Zihao Liu,Jigang Cao,Min Xiao
Ethnopharmacological relevance The effect of hyperuricemia (HUA) on testicular spermatogenesis cannot be ignored. The classical Chinese medicine compound Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) can reduce uric acid and improve testicular spermatogenesis, while researchers have not well explored the related pathology and pharmacodynamic mechanism have. Aims of study To investigate whether the dysfunction of testicular spermatogenesis caused by HUA and the therapeutic effect of SLBZS are related to testicular cell ferroptosis. Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice and C57BL/6 background Sirt3 -/- mice were induced by oxazinate potassium (OXO), and HUA spermatogenic dysfunction mice model were constructed and treated with SLBZS. Sperm quality detection and testicular histopathology served for evaluating the protective mechanism of SLBZS against testicular spermatogenesis in HUA mice. Biochemical detection, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate ferroptosis level of testicular cells. Western blot analysis assisted in verifying the expression of the corresponding pathway proteins. Results The testes of mice with HUA spermatogenic dysfunction were subjected to OXO-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis, and the Sirt3/Nrf2 pathway-related protein expressions were changed. SLBZS improved the testes of mice with HUA spermatogenic dysfunction in terms of their spermatogenic function, oxidative stress and ferroptosis, and promoted Sirt3/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway-related proteins to be expressed. The analysis of Sirt3 -/- mice was modeled and dosed, and it was found that SLBZS could not improve the spermatogenic function, oxidative stress and ferroptosis of Sirt3-deficient model mice’ testes. Conclusions OXO-induced spermatogenic dysfunction in HUA is associated with ferroptosis of testicular cells. SLBZS can be used for treating spermatogenic dysfunction in HUA possibly by activating Sirt3/Nrf2 signaling pathway, which inhibits ferroptosis due to oxidative stress.
研究领域:
药理学
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生殖医学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2024
·Vol. 25
·期 19
·10286
·
IF 4.9
Sen Fan,Yanguang Zhou,Na Zhu,Qingling Meng,Yujin Zhao,Jingyan Xu,Yunjia Tang,Shijie Dai,Xiaofeng Yuan
Fusarium oxysporumis a widespread soil-borne fungal pathogen that can infect various plants, causing wilt and root rot diseases. The root rot disease ofAtractylodes macrocephalacaused byF. oxysporumis among the most serious diseases associated with continuous cropping, significantly hindering its sustainable development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) on silencing theF. oxysporum Tup1gene to reduce its virulence and to evaluate its potential application in controlling root rot disease inA. macrocephala. TheTup1gene was amplified from theF. oxysporumgenome, and different lengths ofTup1-dsRNA were designed and synthesized. The uptake of dsRNA by the fungus was verified usingTup1-dsRNA labeled with fluorescein, and in vitro dsRNA treatment experiments were conducted to assess its impact on the growth and virulence ofF. oxysporum. Additionally,Tup1-dsRNA was applied to the roots ofA. macrocephalato evaluate its effectiveness in controlling root rot disease. The experimental results showed thatF. oxysporumcould effectively uptake exogenously appliedTup1-dsRNA, significantly reducingTup1gene expression. All lengths ofTup1-dsRNA inhibited fungal growth and caused morphological changes in the fungal hyphae. Further plant experiments and Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated thatTup1-dsRNA treatment significantly reduced the incidence of root rot disease inA. macrocephala, which was supported by the reduction in peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and proline (Pro) levels in treated root tissues. This study demonstrated that exogenous dsRNA could reduce the virulence ofF. oxysporumby silencing theTup1gene and effectively mitigate the root rot disease it causes inA. macrocephala. The successful application ofTup1-dsRNA provided strong evidence for the potential of RNA interference (RNAi) technology in plant disease control. Future research could further optimize the design and application of dsRNA to enhance its practical value in agriculture.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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2025
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IF 2.9
Baili Lu,Jiayu He,Shirou Pan,Junhao Wei,Bingxin Li,Nan Cao,Yunmao Huang,Yunbo Tian,Ngai Cheong,Ying Chen,Danning Xu,Wanyan Li
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (AMK) and its purified polysaccharide fraction (PAMK) are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties, showing potential benefits for poultry liver health. This study simulated hepatic oxidative stress in late-laying hens, a physiological stage characterized by increased metabolic demands and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, without exogenous hepatotoxic agents. Hens were randomly assigned to three groups: control (basal diet), AMK (basal diet + 15 g/kg AMK), and PAMK (basal diet + 400 mg/kg PAMK). Both AMK and PAMK significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities compared to control. Notably, PAMK showed superior efficacy, decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 35.29% vs. 32.87% in AMK, and more effectively increasing antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Histopathological analysis revealed better-preserved liver structure and less inflammatory infiltration in PAMK-fed hens. Mechanistically, both treatments upregulated Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant genes, with stronger activation observed in the PAMK group. In vitro, PAMK reduced H2O2-induced ROS accumulation and apoptosis in primary embryonic chicken hepatocytes, effects that were attenuated by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. In conclusion, PAMK exerts superior hepatoprotective effects compared to crude AMK by modulating the Nrf2 pathway, mitigating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Future research should evaluate PAMK's long-term safety, synergistic potential with other natural antioxidants, and cost-effectiveness in poultry production.
研究领域:
兽医学
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动物营养学
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分子生物学
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氧化应激
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天然药物药理学
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家禽生理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
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2023
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IF 4.3
Guofu Luo,Yirui Shen,Kun Wu,Huining Yang,Chuntao Wu,Xiangbing Chang,Wei Tian
Application of elicitors can greatly enhance plant immune resistance against pathogens. However, it is still obscure whether elicitor activity is influenced by diverse sources. This study investigated the effect of foliar spraying of 19 batches of Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharides (CIPs) on the disease resistance of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. ( A. macrocephala ) and explored the main reasons for the differences of inducing activity of CIP elicitors. PCA, OPLS-DA, grey relational analysis and entropy weight method had good predictability for the activity evaluation of CIP elicitors and other plant-derived elicitors. The results showed that 19 batches of CIPs had definite regional differences in inducing activity and monosaccharide content. CIP elicitors with high inducing activity could significantly increase the accumulation of Atractylenolide Ⅱ and Atractylenolide Ⅲ, the mRNA relative transcription level of CAT , POD , PAL genes, the amount of pH change in the medium and effectively reduce the disease index of A. macrocephala . Furthermore, CIP with high inducing activity exhibited the high contents of Rha, Ara and GalA, which might be the main contributor to their high activity. The evaluation procedure developed in this work can be applied for screening CIP elicitors with high inducing activity, and it lays a foundation for identifying more functional elicitors related to plant immune resistance.
研究领域:
植物科学
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药用植物学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
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IF 12.5
Qingling Meng,Mingjiang Mao,Chenhuan Shentu,Shijie Dai,Hao Qian,Jie Hao,Buyang Chen,Bin Ding,Zhiqiang Zhang,Xiaofeng Yuan
Atractylodes macrocephala is a traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herb widely used for treating gastrointestinal disorders, yet the structural features and mechanisms of its polysaccharides remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we isolated and characterized a neutral glucan ( A. macrocephala polysaccharide 1, AMP1) from the rhizome of A. macrocephala , with an average molecular weight of 7.98 kDa and a monosaccharide composition of glucose (Glc) and arabinose (Ara) in a molar ratio of approximately 129: 1. Structural analyses revealed that AMP1 is a glucan with a backbone composed of →4)-α-Glc p -(1→ residues and three types of branching units, namely →4)-α-Glc p -(1→, →6)-α-Glc p -(1→, and →6)-β-Glc p -(1→. Notably, the →6)-β-Glc p -(1→ branches appear to carry an additional substitution at the C-4 position. Functional assays demonstrated that AMP1 suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In vivo, AMP1 markedly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice, as evidenced by a lower disease activity index (DAI), restoration of epithelial barrier integrity, and modulation of gut microbiota composition. Metabolomic profiling further revealed enrichment of beneficial microbial metabolites, implicating coordinated regulation of host–microbe metabolic pathways. Collectively, these findings establish AMP1 as a structurally defined polysaccharide with multifaceted protective effects, highlighting its therapeutic potential against ulcerative colitis (UC).
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
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2025
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IF 3.1
Hangming Li,Lue Hong,Yijun Wang,Shuo Chai,Ping Huang,Hongmei Chen,Wenhong Liu,Wei Zhu,Massimo Marzorati,Hui Wang,Jingkui Tian,Xiaoyong Zhang
Atractylodes macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR), a traditional Chinese medicine, is extensively utilized in clinical practice for its pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and gastrointestinal regulatory effects. Nonetheless, the intricate nature of traditional Chinese medicine extracts has resulted in few studies into the effects of compositional variations in Atractylodes macrocephalae Rhizoma extracts (AMRE) from diverse sources on gastrointestinal metabolic processes. This study developed an integrated in vitro and in vivo compound analysis strategy utilizing Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Quadrupole-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS) and the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) to examine the metabolic alterations caused by variations in the chemical constituents of AMRE from diverse sources. A total of 117 chemical constituents were found, primarily classified as terpenoids, organic acids, alkaloids, coumarins, and phenylpropanoids. 51 prototype components and 79 metabolites were identified. The metabolic processes were predominantly observed among terpenoids, with reaction types encompassing hydroxylation, oxidation, hydrogenation, methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfonation. Analysis of dynamic changes revealed that the majority of the prototype components underwent a considerable reduction in the colon, while the metabolites were markedly enriched in both the small intestine and colon. Differential analysis showed that AMRE3 contained the highest number of terpenoid compounds, AMRE1 exhibited the highest average content of chemical constituents, and AMRE2 had the lowest. These disparities were consistently observed in both prototype components and metabolic behaviors, thereby affirming the robust correlation between metabolite distribution and chemical constituents. This study elucidates, for the first time, the variations in the chemical constituents of AMRE from diverse sources and the metabolic characteristics and discrepancies they elicit in the human gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), offering a viable strategy for further clarifying the material basis of its pharmacological effects and clinical applications.
研究领域:
药理学
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中医药学
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分析化学
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代谢组学
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胃肠病学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Shiru Huang,Han He,Hanxi Li,Chongyang Li,Fu Wang,Yuan Hu,Youping Liu,Lin Chen,Hongping Chen
Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma (AM), a widely used Chinese herb for treating spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD), is rich in polysaccharides. However, the precise mechanism underlying the antidiarrheal effects of Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma polysaccharide (AMP) remains unclear. In this study, AMP, with a molecular weight of 69 kDa, is isolated from AM and consists of Glc, Gal, and Ara in a molar ratio of 84.16:6.51:9.33. FTIR and NMR analyses indicate that AMP features a linear backbone of →4,6)-α-D-Glc p -(1→ with branches of →3)-β-D-Glc p -(1→, terminating in →2,4)-β-D-Gal p -(1→. Animal models of SDD induced by Folium sennae demonstrate that AMP alleviates diarrhea symptoms, mitigates colon damage, and enhances spleen index, thymus index, and the expression of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells. Further, the potential mechanisms for AMP's antidiarrheal action are explored through the comprehensive approach integrating intestinal flora, polysaccharide utilization loci, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and metabolomics. AMP reduces the abundance of pathogenic c_ Clostridia while promoting beneficial o_Bacteroidales and f_Muribaculaceae, influencing SCFAs production via its strong binding affinities with SusD, GH2, and GH43. This modulation is linked to alterations in linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. In conclusion, AMP demonstrates significant potential as a therapeutic agent for SDD.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
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免疫学
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代谢组学
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中医药学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR HISTOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 57
·期 1
·11
·
IF 2.2
Wang Huan,Han Jian,Li Lin,Li Yan,Yang Jun,Qiu Wangzhong,Yao Liuhua,Zhou Jianjun
Background Shen-Ling-Bai-Zhu-San (SLBZS), a classic formula, shows excellent therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to explore the SLBZS’s mechanism on mitophagy and inflammation in UC. Method The UC rat model was constructed using 4.5% DSS. The in vivo effects of SLBZS on mitophagy and inflammation were investigated by combining the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Caco-2 cells were co-treated with DSS and LPS to mimic UC-like inflammatory. The main active components of SLBZS were analyzed by HPLC. Combined with 3-MA or knockdown of Nrf2, the mechanism by which the main active component of SLBZS Ginsenoside Rg1 affected oxidative stress and inflammation was investigated. Results SLBZS administration alleviated colonic injury in UC rats, reduced disease activity index, increased colonic length, promoted ZO-1, occludin, LGR5, and MUC-2 expressions, decreased ROS production, MDA level, and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and p62 expressions, increased SOD and GSH-PX levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and PINK1, TOM20, Nrf2, LC3, PINK1, and Parkin levels. 3-MA prevented this phenomenon, indicating that SLBZS inhibited UC inflammation by enhancing mitophagy. The molecular docking results showed that Ginsenoside Rg1 bound to Nrf2. The interaction between Nrf2 and PINK1 was confirmed. Mechanistically, Ginsenoside Rg1 relieved oxidative stress and inflammation in UC-like Caco-2 cell model by Nrf2/PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy. Conclusion Our results indicated that the Ginsenoside Rg1 promoted Nrf2/PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy, thereby alleviating UC, suggesting that Ginsenoside Rg1 could serve as a promising therapeutic agent for clinical UC, with the Nrf2/ PINK1/Parkin axis representing a potential strategy.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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