HORTTECHNOLOGY
·
2011
·Vol. 21
·期 5
·533-538
·
IF 0.596
Timothy Coolong,Kenneth Seebold
The effects of fungicide program and varietal resistance on the development of cucurbit powdery mildew [PM (Podosphaera xanthii)] in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) were tested in 2009 and 2010 in Lexington, KY. Three fungicide programs consisted of a no-fungicide control, low input (chlorothalonil), and high input (chlorothalonil alternated with myclobutanil) were applied to three varieties of pumpkin with different levels of cucurbit PM resistance. Varieties tested were Howden, Aladdin, and Camaro, which had no, moderate, and high levels of cucurbit PM resistance, respectively. There were no significant variety by fungicide program interactions for yield, number fruit per acre, and average fruit weight in both years. In 2009 and 2010, variety significantly affected yield. Yield increases corresponded to the level of cucurbit PM resistance. The high-resistance variety, Camaro, had the greatest yields in both years, while Howden, with no PM resistance, had the lowest yields. In 2010, yield significantly increased with the intensity of fungicide program. With the exception of cull percentage in 2009, there were no fungicide program by variety interactions for yield parameters. In both years, PM disease severity, characterized by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was lowest on ‘Camaro’ and highest on ‘Howden’. In 2009, unsprayed ‘Camaro’ had similar AUDPC values as ‘Aladdin’ and ‘Howden’ treated with low- or high-input fungicide programs. In 2010, unsprayed ‘Camaro’ had less disease than ‘Aladdin’ or ‘Howden’ that had received the high-intensity fungicide program. These results suggest that yields can be maintained with a minimal fungicide program when using a variety with high cucurbit PM resistant in some environments. A high-input fungicide program may be necessary to maintain yields of varieties with low cucurbit PM resistance.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Zhang Huilan,Yuan Meng,Gao Yameng,Su Pengfei,Jia Huiling,Tang Caiguo,Meng He,Wu Lifang
1. The powdery mildew inhibitor KTP is composed of 1 g/L kaolin, 2 g/L nanotitanium dioxide and 8% (v/v) liquid paraffin.2. KTP is formed by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction between components.3. The prevention effects of KTP in the pot and field experiments were 98.45% and 83.04%, respectively.4. The yield of wheat increased significantly after the control of powdery mildew by KTP.5. KTP delayed the germination of powdery mildew spores on the leaf surface and inhibited the formation of mycelia.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT DISEASE
·
2023
·Vol. 107
·期 11
·
IF 4.5
Qiuyan Bi,Fen Lu,Jie Wu,Xiuying Han,Wenqiao Wang,Jianjiang Zhao
Pear powdery mildew (PPM), caused by Phyllactinia pyri , is one of the most serious diseases affecting production in the Hebei pear-growing region of China. Iminoctadine trialbesilate and trifloxystrobin are known to have broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of plant pathogens, including P. pyri . A total of 105 P. pyri strains were isolated from 11 cities in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2019. Iminoctadine trialbesilate and trifloxystrobin significantly inhibited P. pyri growth. Microscopic observation showed that P. pyri mycelia had different degrees of desiccation and that the conidial cell contents had been released. The sensitivities of 60 P. pyri strains to iminoctadine trialbesilate and trifloxystrobin were determined in vitro, and the average EC 50 values were 0.5773 ± 0.0014 and 1.2038 ± 0.0010 μg/ml, respectively. The average EC 50 values for 85 and 75% of the strains with continuous single peak frequency distributions were 0.4534 ± 0.0012 and 0.8124 ± 0.0039 μg/ml, respectively. These data could be used as the baseline sensitivities of P. pyri to these two fungicides. The maximum difference multiples of the sensitivities of P. pyri strains from the different cities to iminoctadine trialbesilate and trifloxystrobin were 13.5- and 17.2-fold, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between P. pyri sensitivity and geographical origin. The field efficacies in controlling PPM were higher than 85%. These findings can improve how we monitor iminoctadine trialbesilate and trifloxystrobin resistance and improve application efficiency.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农药科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
·
2020
·Vol. 143
·期 3
·665-679
·
IF 2.196
Liu Qun,Zhou Wei,Ruan Qinyan,Cheng Haitao,Liu Tingyao,Wang Leran,Yuan Yuan,Li Li,Wu Jie,Jiang Jihong,Ning Wei,Kai Guoyin
WRKY transcription factors play a critical role in metabolism and stress responses in plants, but few WRKYs have been reported in Taraxacum antungense . Here, a multiple stress-inducible gene, TaWRKY14 , was isolated from T. antungense . TaWRKY14 was localized to the nuclei, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that TaWRKY14 shared the highest identity to WRKY40 in Salvia miltiorrhiza . TaWRKY14 was highly expressed in roots, and up-regulated by salt and drought stress, salicylic acid treatment and powdery mildew. TaWRKY14 -overexpressing transgenic lines had higher chlorogenic acid concentration and high expression of TaPAL1 . The yeast one-hybrid assay proved that TaWRKY14 bond to the W-box of proTaPAL1 . Additionally, field experiments showed that TaWRKY14 -overexpressing T. antungense lines have higher powdery mildew resistance than the wild-type. Our results demonstrated that TaWRKY14 can regulate CGA biosynthesis and play an important role in resistance to powdery mildew in T. antungense . TaWRKY14 transgenic T. antungense can be used for further evaluation as a new germplasm resource.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
分子生物学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Xin Li,Yuan Gao,Naveed Ahmad,Fanqi Bu,Mengfei Tian,Kaitao Jia,Wenxue Sun,Chunying Li,Chunjian Zhao
Cucumbers ( Cucumis sativus L.) are highly susceptible to infection by powdery mildew (PM), resulting in a deterioration of cucumber quality. The utilization of chemical control measures can effectively control cucumber PM; however, it may potentially give rise to issues such as environmental pollution, compromised safety, and drug resistance. The urgent need for a green, secure, and efficient strategy to manage cucumber PM necessitates attention. The predominant fungal pathogen causing PM in cucumbers is Podosphaera xanthii ( P. xanthii ) in this study. The preventive and control efficacy of Ficus carica Linn leaf extract (FLE) against P. xanthii was investigated for the first time. The preventive experiments entail pre-infection spraying of FLE prior to the occurrence of P. xanthii , while the curative experiments involve post-outbreak spraying of FLE. After comprehensive consideration, the optimal approach was determined to be spraying the front of cucumber leaves with a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL FLE in order to effectively control P. xanthii in leaf disc bioassay. The lowest superposition rate from FLE and trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate was 12.86 %, indicating that the impact of FLE on the respiratory metabolism of P. xanthii conidia primarily operates through the hexose monophosphate pathway (HMP). The growth of P. xanthii conidia and mycelium can be inhibited or delayed by FLE. The application of FLE can effectively mitigated chlorophyll loss, suppressed the activities of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chitinase , and β- 1,3-glucanase. Furthermore, three representative enzyme genes, PAL, POD, and chitinase , were chosen for the purpose of validation. The results suggested that FLE has the ability to modulate the expression of relevant enzyme genes, with peak effects observed after 3–4 days of treatment. The findings offer theoretical support for the advancement of novel botanical pesticides aimed at controlling crop diseases.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 1.646
Yan Jin Gao,Wei Jie Fu,Jia Liu,Yi Juan Chen,Guang Hui Dai
Cucumber powdery mildew (PM) is a destructive fungal disease which has a substantial impact on cucumber yield and quality. Our previous work has demonstrated that (+)-( S )-ar-turmerone (ATM) is an effective compound for controlling PM infected by Podosphaera xanthii in cucumber. In this study, the effect of ATM on cucumber PM was histologically investigated by observations on the morphology of the pathogenic fungus at different time points after inoculation. It was found that the ATM caused the collapse of the pathogen's conidia and mycelia structure, the cytoplasm coagulation, the reduction of the conidia germination rate, and the inhibition of the conidiophore growth, therefore, prevented the re-infection of the P. xanthii . Evaluation of the content of total phenols and flavonoids in cucumber ATM-treated leaves showed that the ATM-treatment could increase the content of total phenols and flavonoids in cucumber leaves significantly in comparison to the control. A further analysis of the contents of the compounds showed that ATM-treatment could increase the content of rutin , quercetin , hesperetin , and gallic acid , syringic acid , vanillic acid and salicylic acid. Meanwhile, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in cucumber leaves were increased slightly, but the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased through ATM treatment. It should be estimated from this study that the ATM not only directly affected the growth of P. xanthii but also enhanced the cucumber plant resistance to the disease.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Chao-Yi Wang,Xin-Yue Lou,Zhi Cai,Ming-Zhe Zhang,Chengguo Jia,Jian-Chun Qin,Ying-Wei Yang
Synthetic fungicides have been widely used to protect crops from fungal diseases. However, excessive use of synthetic fungicides leads to the generation of fungicide resistance in fungal pathogens. Recently, smart cargo delivery systems have been introduced for the construction of a pesticide delivery nanoplatform, benefiting from their controlled release performance. Herein, a fungal pathogen microenvironment-responsive supramolecular fungicide nanoplatform has been designed and constructed, using quaternary ammonium salt (Q)-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-Q NPs) as nanocarriers loaded with berberine hydrochloride (BH) and carboxylatopillar[5]arene (CP[5]A) as nanogates to form BH-loaded CP[5]A@MSN-Q NPs for effective inhibition of Botrytis cinerea. CP[5]A as nanogates can endow the fungicide nanoplatform with pH stimuli-responsive release features for the control of fungicide release. The loaded BH, as a natural plant fungicide, provides an ecofriendly alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling B. cinerea. Interestingly, we use oxalic acid (OA) secreted by B. cinerea as a trigger so that BH can be released from the fungicide nanoplatform on demand under pathogen microenvironments for controlling B. cinerea. The experimental results indicate that the fabricated fungicide nanoplatform could effectively inhibit the mycelial growth and spore germination, providing a new way for the management of B. cinerea in actual application.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
纳米技术
·
植物保护
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
·
2020
·
IF 3.696
Huanpeng Li,Jiaojiao Wu,Xiaofeng Shang,Miaomiao Geng,Jing Gao,Shuqing Zhao,Xiumei Yu,Daqun Liu,Zhensheng Kang,Xiaojie Wang,Xiaodong Wang
In Arabidopsis , both pathogen invasion and benzothiadiazole (BTH) treatment activate the nonexpresser of pathogenesis-related genes 1 ( NPR1 )-mediated systemic acquired resistance, which provides broad-spectrum disease resistance to secondary pathogen infection. However, the BTH-induced resistance in Triticeae crops of wheat and barley seems to be accomplished through an NPR1 -independent pathway. In the current investigation, we applied transcriptome analysis on barley transgenic lines overexpressing wheat wNPR1 ( wNPR1-OE ) and knocking down barley HvNPR1 ( HvNPR1-Kd ) to reveal the role of NPR1 during the BTH-induced resistance. Most of the previously designated barley chemical-induced ( BCI ) genes were upregulated in an NPR1 -independent manner, whereas the expression levels of several pathogenesis-related ( PR ) genes were elevated upon BTH treatment only in wNPR1-OE. Two barley WRKY transcription factors, HvWRKY6 and HvWRKY70 , were predicted and further validated as key regulators shared by the BTH-induced resistance and the NPR1 -mediated acquired resistance. Wheat transgenic lines overexpressing HvWRKY6 and HvWRKY70 showed different degrees of enhanced resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici pathotype CYR32 and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici pathotype E20. In conclusion, the transcriptional changes of BTH-induced resistance in barley were initially profiled, and the identified key regulators would be valuable resources for the genetic improvement of broad-spectrum disease resistance in wheat.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
遗传学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）