With the combination of molecular simulation and relevant experiments, the efficient Brønsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquid (IL) was designed and synthesized for biodiesel production from soapberry oil. In molecular simulation, 4-methylthiazole (MT) is proved to be the best matrix for IL preparation via electrostatic potential analysis and proton affinity analysis, and it also is verified by experiments. In orthogonal experiment, the relationship in catalytic activity between Brønsted-Lewis acidic IL and corresponding materials (Brønsted acidic IL and metal chloride) was revealed. Meanwhile, [Ps-MTH][CF 3 SO 3 ] and FeCl 3 are verified as the best materials for preparation of Brønsted-Lewis acidic IL, and [Ps-MTH][CF 3 SO 3 ]-FeCl 3 ( x = 0.65) is determined as the most efficient catalyst in the end. The Lewis acidity, Brønsted acidity and interaction of [Ps-MTH][CF 3 SO 3 ] and FeCl 3 in [Ps-MTH][CF 3 SO 3 ]-FeCl 3 ( x = 0.65) were characterized by FT-IR. And the catalytic mechanism of transesterification catalyzed by prepared IL was clarified. In order to maximize the biodiesel yield, optimization of process variables was conducted using Box-Behnken response surface methodology. The 97.04% of high biodiesel yield is obtained under the optimum conditions: reaction temperature was 127 °C, molar ratio (methanol to soapberry oil) was 27.96:1, catalyst amount was 3.06 mmol and reaction time was 8 h. Furthermore, [Ps-MTH][CF 3 SO 3 ]-FeCl 3 ( x = 0.65) presents good catalytic activity in different transesterification for biodiesel production. And its catalytic activity decreases from 97.04% to 93.59% after being used for 5 times, which reflects good reusability. The main properties of soapberry biodiesel were also measured and compared to the ASTM D6751 standard.
Usually, traditional poly (ionic liquid)s are prepared to nanoparticles with high surface areas for achieving a quasi-homogeneous reaction system. In this work, a novel poly (ionic liquid) P(VB-VS)HSO 4 , synthesized by simply using ionic liquids immobilized on the 1-vinylimidazole-based crosslinked copolymer microsphere, was used as heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of a novel non-edible feedstock soapberry oil to biodiesel. The structure, thermal stability and wetting property characteristics of the crosslinked copolymer microsphere particles and poly (ionic liquid) microspheres were investigated. The results indicated that ionic liquids were successfully functionalized on crosslinked copolymer microsphere, and P(VB-VS)HSO 4 possessed high surface areas (100.1 m 2 /g), abundant meso -macropores (with diameter of ∼18.9 nm), good mechanical strength (81 N) and superior thermal stability. Benefiting from the unique structure features, these poly (ionic liquid) microspheres manifested excellent catalytic performance for transesterification of soapberry oil with methanol. A maximum fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) yield of 95.2% could be obtained under the response surface methodology (RSM) optimized conditions of 8.0 h reaction time, 29.1 methanol to oil molar ratio, and 8.7 wt% catalyst amount. Impressively, it was also efficient for the esterification of oleic acid, giving methyl oleate yield of 97.5%. Catalytic tests exhibited that P(VB-VS)HSO 4 presented high catalytic activity and good reusability in comparison with traditional acid catalysts. The main physicochemical of the obtained soapberry biodiesel met the biodiesel standard ASTM D6751 . Therefore, this work provides a cheap and facile route to the synthesis of size-controlled poly (ionic liquid) microspheres (the diameter of the catalyst was about 500 μm) for catalyzing the production of clean biofuels.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）